Common oral complications of head and neck cancer radiation therapy: mucositis, infections, saliva change, fibrosis, sensory dysfunctions, dental caries, periodontal disease, and osteoradionecrosis

Patients undergoing radiation therapy for the head and neck are susceptible to a significant and often abrupt deterioration in their oral health. The oral morbidities of radiation therapy include but are not limited to an increased susceptibility to dental caries and periodontal disease. They also i...

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Veröffentlicht in:Cancer medicine (Malden, MA) MA), 2017-12, Vol.6 (12), p.2918-2931
Hauptverfasser: Sroussi, Herve Y, Epstein, Joel B., Bensadoun, Rene‐Jean, Saunders, Deborah P., Lalla, Rajesh V., Migliorati, Cesar A., Heaivilin, Natalie, Zumsteg, Zachary S.
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container_end_page 2931
container_issue 12
container_start_page 2918
container_title Cancer medicine (Malden, MA)
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creator Sroussi, Herve Y
Epstein, Joel B.
Bensadoun, Rene‐Jean
Saunders, Deborah P.
Lalla, Rajesh V.
Migliorati, Cesar A.
Heaivilin, Natalie
Zumsteg, Zachary S.
description Patients undergoing radiation therapy for the head and neck are susceptible to a significant and often abrupt deterioration in their oral health. The oral morbidities of radiation therapy include but are not limited to an increased susceptibility to dental caries and periodontal disease. They also include profound and often permanent functional and sensory changes involving the oral soft tissue. These changes range from oral mucositis experienced during and soon after treatment, mucosal opportunistic infections, neurosensory disorders, and tissue fibrosis. Many of the oral soft tissue changes following radiation therapy are difficult challenges to the patients and their caregivers and require life‐long strategies to alleviate their deleterious effect on basic life functions and on the quality of life. We discuss the presentation, prognosis, and management strategies of the dental structure and oral soft tissue morbidities resulting from the administration of therapeutic radiation in head and neck patient. A case for a collaborative and integrated multidisciplinary approach to the management of these patients is made, with specific recommendation to include knowledgeable and experienced oral health care professionals in the treatment team. Oral complications of radiation therapy to the head and neck can result in acute and long‐term deterioration in oral soft tissues and dentition. The presentation, prognosis, and strategies to manage the dental and nondental morbidities of radiation therapy to the head and neck are discussed in this manuscript.
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The oral morbidities of radiation therapy include but are not limited to an increased susceptibility to dental caries and periodontal disease. They also include profound and often permanent functional and sensory changes involving the oral soft tissue. These changes range from oral mucositis experienced during and soon after treatment, mucosal opportunistic infections, neurosensory disorders, and tissue fibrosis. Many of the oral soft tissue changes following radiation therapy are difficult challenges to the patients and their caregivers and require life‐long strategies to alleviate their deleterious effect on basic life functions and on the quality of life. We discuss the presentation, prognosis, and management strategies of the dental structure and oral soft tissue morbidities resulting from the administration of therapeutic radiation in head and neck patient. A case for a collaborative and integrated multidisciplinary approach to the management of these patients is made, with specific recommendation to include knowledgeable and experienced oral health care professionals in the treatment team. Oral complications of radiation therapy to the head and neck can result in acute and long‐term deterioration in oral soft tissues and dentition. 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subjects Clinical Cancer Research
Communicable Diseases - diagnosis
Communicable Diseases - etiology
Communicable Diseases - therapy
Dental caries
Dental Caries - diagnosis
Dental Caries - etiology
Dental Caries - therapy
Fibrosis
Gum disease
Head & neck cancer
head and neck cancer
Head and Neck Neoplasms - pathology
Head and Neck Neoplasms - radiotherapy
Humans
neurosensory disorder
oral candidiasis
oral health
Oral hygiene
oral mucositis
Osteoradionecrosis - diagnosis
Osteoradionecrosis - etiology
Osteoradionecrosis - therapy
Periodontal Diseases - diagnosis
Periodontal Diseases - etiology
Periodontal Diseases - therapy
Periodontics
Radiation therapy
Radiotherapy - adverse effects
Review
Risk Factors
Salivation - radiation effects
Sensation Disorders - diagnosis
Sensation Disorders - etiology
Sensation Disorders - physiopathology
Sensation Disorders - therapy
Stomatitis - diagnosis
Stomatitis - etiology
Stomatitis - therapy
Treatment Outcome
title Common oral complications of head and neck cancer radiation therapy: mucositis, infections, saliva change, fibrosis, sensory dysfunctions, dental caries, periodontal disease, and osteoradionecrosis
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