Stress Adaptation
Fungal species display an extraordinarily diverse range of lifestyles. Nevertheless, the survival of each species depends on its ability to sense and respond to changes in its natural environment. Environmental changes such as fluctuations in temperature, water balance or pH, or exposure to chemical...
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creator | Brown, Alistair J P Cowen, Leah E di Pietro, Antonio Quinn, Janet |
description | Fungal species display an extraordinarily diverse range of lifestyles. Nevertheless, the survival of each species depends on its ability to sense and respond to changes in its natural environment. Environmental changes such as fluctuations in temperature, water balance or pH, or exposure to chemical insults such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species exert stresses that perturb cellular homeostasis and cause molecular damage to the fungal cell. Consequently, fungi have evolved mechanisms to repair this damage, detoxify chemical insults, and restore cellular homeostasis. Most stresses are fundamental in nature, and consequently, there has been significant evolutionary conservation in the nature of the resultant responses across the fungal kingdom and beyond. For example, heat shock generally induces the synthesis of chaperones that promote protein refolding, antioxidants are generally synthesized in response to an oxidative stress, and osmolyte levels are generally increased following a hyperosmotic shock. In this article we summarize the current understanding of these and other stress responses as well as the signaling pathways that regulate them in the fungi. Model yeasts such as
are compared with filamentous fungi, as well as with pathogens of plants and humans. We also discuss current challenges associated with defining the dynamics of stress responses and with the elaboration of fungal stress adaptation under conditions that reflect natural environments in which fungal cells may be exposed to different types of stresses, either sequentially or simultaneously. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1128/microbiolspec.FUNK-0048-2016 |
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are compared with filamentous fungi, as well as with pathogens of plants and humans. We also discuss current challenges associated with defining the dynamics of stress responses and with the elaboration of fungal stress adaptation under conditions that reflect natural environments in which fungal cells may be exposed to different types of stresses, either sequentially or simultaneously.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2165-0497</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2165-0497</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1128/microbiolspec.FUNK-0048-2016</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28721857</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: ASM Press</publisher><subject>Adaptation, Physiological ; Eukaryotes: Fungi and Parasitology ; Fungal Proteins - genetics ; Fungal Proteins - metabolism ; Fungi ; Fungi - genetics ; Fungi - physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Stress, Physiological</subject><ispartof>Microbiology spectrum, 2017-07, Vol.5 (4)</ispartof><rights>2017 American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a482t-2fd2688ac7ddba8da69e06f9ddfa13185729e18072449f14c241e56f57d20c613</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a482t-2fd2688ac7ddba8da69e06f9ddfa13185729e18072449f14c241e56f57d20c613</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28721857$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Gow, Neil A. R.</contributor><contributor>Heitman, Joseph</contributor><creatorcontrib>Brown, Alistair J P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cowen, Leah E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>di Pietro, Antonio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Quinn, Janet</creatorcontrib><title>Stress Adaptation</title><title>Microbiology spectrum</title><addtitle>Microbiol Spectr</addtitle><description>Fungal species display an extraordinarily diverse range of lifestyles. Nevertheless, the survival of each species depends on its ability to sense and respond to changes in its natural environment. Environmental changes such as fluctuations in temperature, water balance or pH, or exposure to chemical insults such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species exert stresses that perturb cellular homeostasis and cause molecular damage to the fungal cell. Consequently, fungi have evolved mechanisms to repair this damage, detoxify chemical insults, and restore cellular homeostasis. Most stresses are fundamental in nature, and consequently, there has been significant evolutionary conservation in the nature of the resultant responses across the fungal kingdom and beyond. For example, heat shock generally induces the synthesis of chaperones that promote protein refolding, antioxidants are generally synthesized in response to an oxidative stress, and osmolyte levels are generally increased following a hyperosmotic shock. In this article we summarize the current understanding of these and other stress responses as well as the signaling pathways that regulate them in the fungi. Model yeasts such as
are compared with filamentous fungi, as well as with pathogens of plants and humans. We also discuss current challenges associated with defining the dynamics of stress responses and with the elaboration of fungal stress adaptation under conditions that reflect natural environments in which fungal cells may be exposed to different types of stresses, either sequentially or simultaneously.</description><subject>Adaptation, Physiological</subject><subject>Eukaryotes: Fungi and Parasitology</subject><subject>Fungal Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Fungal Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Fungi</subject><subject>Fungi - genetics</subject><subject>Fungi - physiology</subject><subject>Signal Transduction</subject><subject>Stress, Physiological</subject><issn>2165-0497</issn><issn>2165-0497</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kcFLwzAUxoMobswd_AfEgwcvnS9pkiYgwhhOxaEH3TlkTaKdbVObVvC_t2U6toOn9-C973t8v4fQBYYJxkRcFVla-1Xm81DZdDJfPj1GAFREBDA_QEOCOYuAyuRwpx-gcQhrAMAYGGHkGA2ISAgWLBmi05emtiGcT42uGt1kvjxBR07nwY5_6wgt57evs_to8Xz3MJsuIk0FaSLiDOFC6DQxZqWF0Vxa4E4a4zSOe3MiLRaQEEqlwzQlFFvGHUsMgZTjeIRuNr5VuyqsSW3Z1DpXVZ0Vuv5WXmdqf1Jm7-rNfymWdGEZdAaXvwa1_2xtaFSRhdTmuS6tb4PCkkAsKQjerV5vVjt6IdTWbc9gUD1YtQdW9WBVD1b1YDu53Mh1KIha-7YuOzL_aF1bfuxpz3Zjbg__vSD-Ae9OjDs</recordid><startdate>20170701</startdate><enddate>20170701</enddate><creator>Brown, Alistair J P</creator><creator>Cowen, Leah E</creator><creator>di Pietro, Antonio</creator><creator>Quinn, Janet</creator><general>ASM Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20170701</creationdate><title>Stress Adaptation</title><author>Brown, Alistair J P ; Cowen, Leah E ; di Pietro, Antonio ; Quinn, Janet</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a482t-2fd2688ac7ddba8da69e06f9ddfa13185729e18072449f14c241e56f57d20c613</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Adaptation, Physiological</topic><topic>Eukaryotes: Fungi and Parasitology</topic><topic>Fungal Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>Fungal Proteins - metabolism</topic><topic>Fungi</topic><topic>Fungi - genetics</topic><topic>Fungi - physiology</topic><topic>Signal Transduction</topic><topic>Stress, Physiological</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Brown, Alistair J P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cowen, Leah E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>di Pietro, Antonio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Quinn, Janet</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Microbiology spectrum</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Brown, Alistair J P</au><au>Cowen, Leah E</au><au>di Pietro, Antonio</au><au>Quinn, Janet</au><au>Gow, Neil A. R.</au><au>Heitman, Joseph</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Stress Adaptation</atitle><jtitle>Microbiology spectrum</jtitle><addtitle>Microbiol Spectr</addtitle><date>2017-07-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>5</volume><issue>4</issue><issn>2165-0497</issn><eissn>2165-0497</eissn><abstract>Fungal species display an extraordinarily diverse range of lifestyles. Nevertheless, the survival of each species depends on its ability to sense and respond to changes in its natural environment. Environmental changes such as fluctuations in temperature, water balance or pH, or exposure to chemical insults such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species exert stresses that perturb cellular homeostasis and cause molecular damage to the fungal cell. Consequently, fungi have evolved mechanisms to repair this damage, detoxify chemical insults, and restore cellular homeostasis. Most stresses are fundamental in nature, and consequently, there has been significant evolutionary conservation in the nature of the resultant responses across the fungal kingdom and beyond. For example, heat shock generally induces the synthesis of chaperones that promote protein refolding, antioxidants are generally synthesized in response to an oxidative stress, and osmolyte levels are generally increased following a hyperosmotic shock. In this article we summarize the current understanding of these and other stress responses as well as the signaling pathways that regulate them in the fungi. Model yeasts such as
are compared with filamentous fungi, as well as with pathogens of plants and humans. We also discuss current challenges associated with defining the dynamics of stress responses and with the elaboration of fungal stress adaptation under conditions that reflect natural environments in which fungal cells may be exposed to different types of stresses, either sequentially or simultaneously.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>ASM Press</pub><pmid>28721857</pmid><doi>10.1128/microbiolspec.FUNK-0048-2016</doi><tpages>23</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adaptation, Physiological Eukaryotes: Fungi and Parasitology Fungal Proteins - genetics Fungal Proteins - metabolism Fungi Fungi - genetics Fungi - physiology Signal Transduction Stress, Physiological |
title | Stress Adaptation |
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