The Effect of Polyherbal Medicines Used for the Treatment of Tuberculosis on Other Opportunistic Organisms of Humans Infected with Tuberculosis
In many immunocompromised patients, opportunistic bacterial and fungal infections are common. Polyherbal medicines examined in this study are used by the indigenous people of South Africa for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) and other opportunistic infections associated with TB. To evaluate the an...
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description | In many immunocompromised patients, opportunistic bacterial and fungal infections are common. Polyherbal medicines examined in this study are used by the indigenous people of South Africa for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) and other opportunistic infections associated with TB.
To evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of nine polyherbal remedies against four Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria respectively and three fungi.
Agar dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the remedies against the organisms.
The inhibitory activity of the polyherbal medicines based on the overall MIC revealed that HBfs and FB remedies were the most active remedies against the bacterial isolates at the concentration of 2.5 mg/mL, followed by HBts remedy at 5.0 mg/mL. However, the MIC valves of KWTa, KWTb, KWTc, HBss, EL and AL remedies were higher than 5.0 mg/mL which was the highest concentration used. Only KWTa remedy showed activity against
and
with the MIC value of 2.5 mg/mL. While KWTc and HBts had the highest activity at 1.25 mg/mL against
, the remaining remedies were active at 2.5 mg/mL.
This study revealed that some of these polyherbal formulations have activities against some of the opportunistic bacterial and fungal isolates associated with TB patients. The capability of these remedies to inhibit the organisms is an indication that they are a potential broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent. However, the remedies that are inactive might contain stimulant effects on the immune system.
In the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, no study has been reported on the effect of polyherbal remedies used for the treatment of TB on the opportunistic pathogen. This study therefore revealed that some of the polyherbal medicines possess activity against bacterial and fungal pathogens.
TB: Tuberculosis; MIC: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration; CFU/ML: Colony Forming Unit Per Mill. |
doi_str_mv | 10.4103/pm.pm_468_16 |
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To evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of nine polyherbal remedies against four Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria respectively and three fungi.
Agar dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the remedies against the organisms.
The inhibitory activity of the polyherbal medicines based on the overall MIC revealed that HBfs and FB remedies were the most active remedies against the bacterial isolates at the concentration of 2.5 mg/mL, followed by HBts remedy at 5.0 mg/mL. However, the MIC valves of KWTa, KWTb, KWTc, HBss, EL and AL remedies were higher than 5.0 mg/mL which was the highest concentration used. Only KWTa remedy showed activity against
and
with the MIC value of 2.5 mg/mL. While KWTc and HBts had the highest activity at 1.25 mg/mL against
, the remaining remedies were active at 2.5 mg/mL.
This study revealed that some of these polyherbal formulations have activities against some of the opportunistic bacterial and fungal isolates associated with TB patients. The capability of these remedies to inhibit the organisms is an indication that they are a potential broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent. However, the remedies that are inactive might contain stimulant effects on the immune system.
In the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, no study has been reported on the effect of polyherbal remedies used for the treatment of TB on the opportunistic pathogen. This study therefore revealed that some of the polyherbal medicines possess activity against bacterial and fungal pathogens.
TB: Tuberculosis; MIC: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration; CFU/ML: Colony Forming Unit Per Mill.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0973-1296</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 0976-4062</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_468_16</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29142411</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>India: Sage Publications Ltd</publisher><subject>Herbal medicine ; Original ; Pathogens ; Studies ; Tuberculosis</subject><ispartof>Pharmacognosy Magazine, 2017-10, Vol.13 (Suppl 3), p.S539-S543</ispartof><rights>Copyright Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd. Jul/Sep 2017</rights><rights>Copyright: © 2017 Pharmacognosy Magazine 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-3ff4206809bb27042b269ba7a5c46c88f0fc0f7f1f07b1ce51760372171bfef33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-3ff4206809bb27042b269ba7a5c46c88f0fc0f7f1f07b1ce51760372171bfef33</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5669094/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5669094/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29142411$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Famewo, Elizabeth Bosede</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clarke, Anna Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Afolayan, Anthony Jide</creatorcontrib><title>The Effect of Polyherbal Medicines Used for the Treatment of Tuberculosis on Other Opportunistic Organisms of Humans Infected with Tuberculosis</title><title>Pharmacognosy Magazine</title><addtitle>Pharmacogn Mag</addtitle><description>In many immunocompromised patients, opportunistic bacterial and fungal infections are common. Polyherbal medicines examined in this study are used by the indigenous people of South Africa for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) and other opportunistic infections associated with TB.
To evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of nine polyherbal remedies against four Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria respectively and three fungi.
Agar dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the remedies against the organisms.
The inhibitory activity of the polyherbal medicines based on the overall MIC revealed that HBfs and FB remedies were the most active remedies against the bacterial isolates at the concentration of 2.5 mg/mL, followed by HBts remedy at 5.0 mg/mL. However, the MIC valves of KWTa, KWTb, KWTc, HBss, EL and AL remedies were higher than 5.0 mg/mL which was the highest concentration used. Only KWTa remedy showed activity against
and
with the MIC value of 2.5 mg/mL. While KWTc and HBts had the highest activity at 1.25 mg/mL against
, the remaining remedies were active at 2.5 mg/mL.
This study revealed that some of these polyherbal formulations have activities against some of the opportunistic bacterial and fungal isolates associated with TB patients. The capability of these remedies to inhibit the organisms is an indication that they are a potential broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent. However, the remedies that are inactive might contain stimulant effects on the immune system.
In the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, no study has been reported on the effect of polyherbal remedies used for the treatment of TB on the opportunistic pathogen. This study therefore revealed that some of the polyherbal medicines possess activity against bacterial and fungal pathogens.
TB: Tuberculosis; MIC: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration; CFU/ML: Colony Forming Unit Per Mill.</description><subject>Herbal medicine</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Tuberculosis</subject><issn>0973-1296</issn><issn>0976-4062</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkUFvFCEYhonR2Fq9eTYkXjw4lY9hYLiYNE1rm9Ssh-2ZAAtdmhkYYUbTX-FfLtvWjfXEl_Dw8L15EXoP5JgBab9M4_E0KsZ7BfwFOiRS8IYRTl8-zG0DVPID9KaUW0K6Hoh4jQ6oBEYZwCH6s946fOa9szNOHv9Iw93WZaMH_N1tgg3RFXxd3Ab7lPFc2XV2eh5dfMDXi3HZLkMqoeAU8aoSGa-mKeV5iaHMweJVvtF1HMvuwcUy6ljwZdx9WK2_w7x9ZnmLXnk9FPfu6TxC1-dn69OL5mr17fL05KqxDOjctN4zSnhPpDFUEEYN5dJooTvLuO17T7wlXnjwRBiwrgPBSSsoCDDe-bY9Ql8fvdNiRrexNVDWg5pyGHW-U0kH9fwmhq26Sb9Ux7kkklXBpydBTj8XV2Y1hmLdMOjo0lIUSN5R1kFPKvrxP_Q2LTnWeJXqWM86AbJSnx8pm1Mp2fn9MkDUrmlVa943XfEP_wbYw3-rbe8BuPmoKA</recordid><startdate>20171001</startdate><enddate>20171001</enddate><creator>Famewo, Elizabeth Bosede</creator><creator>Clarke, Anna Maria</creator><creator>Afolayan, Anthony Jide</creator><general>Sage Publications Ltd</general><general>Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20171001</creationdate><title>The Effect of Polyherbal Medicines Used for the Treatment of Tuberculosis on Other Opportunistic Organisms of Humans Infected with Tuberculosis</title><author>Famewo, Elizabeth Bosede ; Clarke, Anna Maria ; Afolayan, Anthony Jide</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-3ff4206809bb27042b269ba7a5c46c88f0fc0f7f1f07b1ce51760372171bfef33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Herbal medicine</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Pathogens</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Tuberculosis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Famewo, Elizabeth Bosede</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clarke, Anna Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Afolayan, Anthony Jide</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Pharmacognosy Magazine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Famewo, Elizabeth Bosede</au><au>Clarke, Anna Maria</au><au>Afolayan, Anthony Jide</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Effect of Polyherbal Medicines Used for the Treatment of Tuberculosis on Other Opportunistic Organisms of Humans Infected with Tuberculosis</atitle><jtitle>Pharmacognosy Magazine</jtitle><addtitle>Pharmacogn Mag</addtitle><date>2017-10-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>Suppl 3</issue><spage>S539</spage><epage>S543</epage><pages>S539-S543</pages><issn>0973-1296</issn><eissn>0976-4062</eissn><abstract>In many immunocompromised patients, opportunistic bacterial and fungal infections are common. Polyherbal medicines examined in this study are used by the indigenous people of South Africa for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) and other opportunistic infections associated with TB.
To evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of nine polyherbal remedies against four Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria respectively and three fungi.
Agar dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the remedies against the organisms.
The inhibitory activity of the polyherbal medicines based on the overall MIC revealed that HBfs and FB remedies were the most active remedies against the bacterial isolates at the concentration of 2.5 mg/mL, followed by HBts remedy at 5.0 mg/mL. However, the MIC valves of KWTa, KWTb, KWTc, HBss, EL and AL remedies were higher than 5.0 mg/mL which was the highest concentration used. Only KWTa remedy showed activity against
and
with the MIC value of 2.5 mg/mL. While KWTc and HBts had the highest activity at 1.25 mg/mL against
, the remaining remedies were active at 2.5 mg/mL.
This study revealed that some of these polyherbal formulations have activities against some of the opportunistic bacterial and fungal isolates associated with TB patients. The capability of these remedies to inhibit the organisms is an indication that they are a potential broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent. However, the remedies that are inactive might contain stimulant effects on the immune system.
In the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, no study has been reported on the effect of polyherbal remedies used for the treatment of TB on the opportunistic pathogen. This study therefore revealed that some of the polyherbal medicines possess activity against bacterial and fungal pathogens.
TB: Tuberculosis; MIC: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration; CFU/ML: Colony Forming Unit Per Mill.</abstract><cop>India</cop><pub>Sage Publications Ltd</pub><pmid>29142411</pmid><doi>10.4103/pm.pm_468_16</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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source | Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central Open Access; PubMed Central |
subjects | Herbal medicine Original Pathogens Studies Tuberculosis |
title | The Effect of Polyherbal Medicines Used for the Treatment of Tuberculosis on Other Opportunistic Organisms of Humans Infected with Tuberculosis |
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