Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure at Home and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels in Three-to-Five-Year-Old Children
Exposure to harmful environmental factors is particularly detrimental to younger children. We investigated the relationship between environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in pre-schoolers at home and the level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a predictive factor for cardiovascula...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of environmental research and public health 2017-09, Vol.14 (10), p.1105 |
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| creator | Kang, Eunkye Kim, Soo Young Chang, Seong Sil Lim, Sinye Kim, Hwan-Cheol Lee, Chul-Gab Kim, Yu-Mi Kim, Su Young Lee, Kee-Jae Kim, Suejin Ha, Mina |
| description | Exposure to harmful environmental factors is particularly detrimental to younger children. We investigated the relationship between environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in pre-schoolers at home and the level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a predictive factor for cardiovascular disease. This study was conducted in 2014 and was based on the data of preschool children from the Korean Environmental Health Survey in Children and Adolescents (2012 to 2014), a nationally representative sample. Of 577 children, aged three to five years, 482 were eventually selected for the analysis after excluding those with missing variables, or whose hs-CRP level exceeded the reference value. The proportion of pre-school children exposed to ETS at home was 14.8%. The odd ratios (OR)s of hs-CRP > 1mg/L were 4.90 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.04-23.17) and 11.66 (95% CI = 1.90-71.65) in the groups exposed to ETS 3-4 times and ≥5 times daily, respectively, compared to the non-exposed group. The risk of elevated levels of hs-CRP showed an increasing trend proportionally to the increase in ETS exposure frequency (
for trend = 0.03). Anti-smoking educational programs for parents and guardians may be helpful to reduce ETS exposure at home. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijerph14101105 |
| format | Article |
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for trend = 0.03). Anti-smoking educational programs for parents and guardians may be helpful to reduce ETS exposure at home.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-7827</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101105</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28946611</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Adolescents ; C-reactive protein ; C-Reactive Protein - analysis ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Child Health ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Confidence intervals ; Environmental factors ; Environmental health ; Exposure ; Female ; Health risk assessment ; Health Surveys ; Housing ; Humans ; Male ; Odds Ratio ; Parents ; Passive smoking ; Preschool children ; Preventive medicine ; Public health ; Sensitivity ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Studies ; Tobacco ; Tobacco smoke ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution - statistics & numerical data</subject><ispartof>International journal of environmental research and public health, 2017-09, Vol.14 (10), p.1105</ispartof><rights>Copyright MDPI AG 2017</rights><rights>2017 by the authors. 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c418t-ffd604acf2f6dc1cd463e8377cc93e1c268c84393e07b2387d68326b50774d393</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c418t-ffd604acf2f6dc1cd463e8377cc93e1c268c84393e07b2387d68326b50774d393</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-1011-9446</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5664606/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5664606/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28946611$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kang, Eunkye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Soo Young</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chang, Seong Sil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Sinye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Hwan-Cheol</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Chul-Gab</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Yu-Mi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Su Young</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Kee-Jae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Suejin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ha, Mina</creatorcontrib><title>Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure at Home and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels in Three-to-Five-Year-Old Children</title><title>International journal of environmental research and public health</title><addtitle>Int J Environ Res Public Health</addtitle><description>Exposure to harmful environmental factors is particularly detrimental to younger children. We investigated the relationship between environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in pre-schoolers at home and the level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a predictive factor for cardiovascular disease. This study was conducted in 2014 and was based on the data of preschool children from the Korean Environmental Health Survey in Children and Adolescents (2012 to 2014), a nationally representative sample. Of 577 children, aged three to five years, 482 were eventually selected for the analysis after excluding those with missing variables, or whose hs-CRP level exceeded the reference value. The proportion of pre-school children exposed to ETS at home was 14.8%. The odd ratios (OR)s of hs-CRP > 1mg/L were 4.90 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.04-23.17) and 11.66 (95% CI = 1.90-71.65) in the groups exposed to ETS 3-4 times and ≥5 times daily, respectively, compared to the non-exposed group. The risk of elevated levels of hs-CRP showed an increasing trend proportionally to the increase in ETS exposure frequency (
for trend = 0.03). Anti-smoking educational programs for parents and guardians may be helpful to reduce ETS exposure at home.</description><subject>Adolescents</subject><subject>C-reactive protein</subject><subject>C-Reactive Protein - analysis</subject><subject>Cardiovascular disease</subject><subject>Cardiovascular diseases</subject><subject>Child Health</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Confidence intervals</subject><subject>Environmental factors</subject><subject>Environmental health</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>Health Surveys</subject><subject>Housing</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Odds Ratio</subject><subject>Parents</subject><subject>Passive smoking</subject><subject>Preschool children</subject><subject>Preventive medicine</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Sensitivity</subject><subject>Smoke</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Tobacco</subject><subject>Tobacco smoke</subject><subject>Tobacco Smoke Pollution - statistics & numerical data</subject><issn>1660-4601</issn><issn>1661-7827</issn><issn>1660-4601</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkcFvFCEUxonR2Np69WhIvHihwsAwzMXEbLZdk01q2vXgibDwpsM6AyvMbOylf7uY1qb19D54P768x4fQO0bPOG_pJ7-DtO-ZYJQxWr9Ax0xKSoSk7OUTfYTe5LyjlCsh29foqFKtkJKxY3S3DAefYhghTGbAm7g11kZ8PcafgJe_9zHPCbCZ8CqOpQaHV_6mJ9cQsp_8wU-3eEGuwNhyAPwtxQl8wGs4wJBxUZs-AZApkvPSJz_AJHI5OLzo_eAShFP0qjNDhrcP9QR9P19uFiuyvrz4uviyJlYwNZGuc5IKY7uqk84y64TkoHjTWNtyYLaSyirBi6bNtuKqcVLxSm5r2jTClfsT9Pnedz9vR3C2bJvMoPfJjybd6mi8ft4Jvtc38aBrKcsHymLw8cEgxV8z5EmPPlsYBhMgzlmzVvBKVaKhBf3wH7qLcwplvULJWirF6qpQZ_eUTTHnBN3jMIzqv9Hq59GWB--frvCI_8uS_wENoqFH</recordid><startdate>20170923</startdate><enddate>20170923</enddate><creator>Kang, Eunkye</creator><creator>Kim, Soo Young</creator><creator>Chang, Seong Sil</creator><creator>Lim, Sinye</creator><creator>Kim, Hwan-Cheol</creator><creator>Lee, Chul-Gab</creator><creator>Kim, Yu-Mi</creator><creator>Kim, Su Young</creator><creator>Lee, Kee-Jae</creator><creator>Kim, Suejin</creator><creator>Ha, Mina</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1011-9446</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20170923</creationdate><title>Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure at Home and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels in Three-to-Five-Year-Old Children</title><author>Kang, Eunkye ; 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We investigated the relationship between environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in pre-schoolers at home and the level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a predictive factor for cardiovascular disease. This study was conducted in 2014 and was based on the data of preschool children from the Korean Environmental Health Survey in Children and Adolescents (2012 to 2014), a nationally representative sample. Of 577 children, aged three to five years, 482 were eventually selected for the analysis after excluding those with missing variables, or whose hs-CRP level exceeded the reference value. The proportion of pre-school children exposed to ETS at home was 14.8%. The odd ratios (OR)s of hs-CRP > 1mg/L were 4.90 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.04-23.17) and 11.66 (95% CI = 1.90-71.65) in the groups exposed to ETS 3-4 times and ≥5 times daily, respectively, compared to the non-exposed group. The risk of elevated levels of hs-CRP showed an increasing trend proportionally to the increase in ETS exposure frequency (
for trend = 0.03). Anti-smoking educational programs for parents and guardians may be helpful to reduce ETS exposure at home.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>28946611</pmid><doi>10.3390/ijerph14101105</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1011-9446</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescents C-reactive protein C-Reactive Protein - analysis Cardiovascular disease Cardiovascular diseases Child Health Child, Preschool Children Confidence intervals Environmental factors Environmental health Exposure Female Health risk assessment Health Surveys Housing Humans Male Odds Ratio Parents Passive smoking Preschool children Preventive medicine Public health Sensitivity Smoke Smoking Studies Tobacco Tobacco smoke Tobacco Smoke Pollution - statistics & numerical data |
| title | Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure at Home and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels in Three-to-Five-Year-Old Children |
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