Adiposity measures and arterial stiffness in primary care: the MARK prospective observational study
BackgroundThe cardiovascular risk of obesity is potentially increased by arterial stiffness.ObjectiveTo assess the relationship of adiposity measures with arterial stiffness in Caucasian adults with intermediate cardiovascular risk.SettingSix Spanish health centres.ParticipantsWe enrolled 2354 adult...
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| creator | Gomez-Sanchez, Leticia Garcia-Ortiz, Luis Patino-Alonso, Maria C Recio-Rodriguez, Jose I Rigo, Fernando Martí, Ruth Agudo-Conde, Cristina Rodriguez-Sanchez, Emiliano Maderuelo-Fernandez, Jose A Ramos, Rafel Gomez-Marcos, Manuel A |
| description | BackgroundThe cardiovascular risk of obesity is potentially increased by arterial stiffness.ObjectiveTo assess the relationship of adiposity measures with arterial stiffness in Caucasian adults with intermediate cardiovascular risk.SettingSix Spanish health centres.ParticipantsWe enrolled 2354 adults (age range, 35–74 years; mean age, 61.4±7.7 years, 61.9% male).MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study that analyses data from the baseline visit of the improving interMediAte RisK management (MARK) study. The main outcome variables were body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), Clínica Universidad de Navarra-body adiposity estimation (CUN-BAE) body fat percentage and body roundness index (BRI). Vascular function was assessed by the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) with the VaSera device; brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was determined using a validated equation.ResultsThe mean adiposity measures were a BMI of 29.2±4.4, WHtR of 0.61±0.07, CUN-BAE of 35.7±1.7 and BRI of 5.8±1.7. The mean stiffness measures were a CAVI of 8.8±1.2 and baPWV of 14.9±2.5. In multiple linear regression analyses, all adiposity measures were negatively associated with CAVI and baPWV (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016422 |
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| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5623460</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1945217077</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-b538t-114a3337bf5b580557980f63ddaeaf658ce2c089a0e47d2d09603ff6f3ba6183</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkV1L5DAYhcOyssroL1iQgDd7U81Hk6ZeLAzirqKysHgf0vaNZmibmqQD8--NzqzoXpmbhOQ5h_PmIPSdklNKuTxrhpWfYCwYoVVBqCwZ-4IOGCnLQhIhvr4776OjGFckr1LUQrBvaJ-pWnKm1AFql52bfHRpgwcwcQ4QsRk7bEKC4EyPY3LWjhAjdiOeghtM2ODWBDjH6RHw3fLvTb72cYI2uTVg30QIa5OcH1_Vc7c5RHvW9BGOdvsC3f-6vL-4Km7__L6-WN4WjeAqFZSWhnNeNVY0QuXgVa2IlbzrDBgrhWqBtUTVhkBZdawjtSTcWml5YyRVfIF-bm2nuRmga2FMwfR6l1l74_THl9E96ge_1kIyXmavBfqxMwj-aYaY9OBiC31vRvBz1LQuBaMVqaqMnvyHrvwc8sSvFM-ErGim-JZq8wfFAPYtDCX6pUa9q1G_1Ki3NWbV8fs53jT_SsvA6RbI6k85PgP0CKrF</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1943773671</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Adiposity measures and arterial stiffness in primary care: the MARK prospective observational study</title><source>BMJ Open Access Journals</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Gomez-Sanchez, Leticia ; Garcia-Ortiz, Luis ; Patino-Alonso, Maria C ; Recio-Rodriguez, Jose I ; Rigo, Fernando ; Martí, Ruth ; Agudo-Conde, Cristina ; Rodriguez-Sanchez, Emiliano ; Maderuelo-Fernandez, Jose A ; Ramos, Rafel ; Gomez-Marcos, Manuel A</creator><creatorcontrib>Gomez-Sanchez, Leticia ; Garcia-Ortiz, Luis ; Patino-Alonso, Maria C ; Recio-Rodriguez, Jose I ; Rigo, Fernando ; Martí, Ruth ; Agudo-Conde, Cristina ; Rodriguez-Sanchez, Emiliano ; Maderuelo-Fernandez, Jose A ; Ramos, Rafel ; Gomez-Marcos, Manuel A ; MARK Group</creatorcontrib><description>BackgroundThe cardiovascular risk of obesity is potentially increased by arterial stiffness.ObjectiveTo assess the relationship of adiposity measures with arterial stiffness in Caucasian adults with intermediate cardiovascular risk.SettingSix Spanish health centres.ParticipantsWe enrolled 2354 adults (age range, 35–74 years; mean age, 61.4±7.7 years, 61.9% male).MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study that analyses data from the baseline visit of the improving interMediAte RisK management (MARK) study. The main outcome variables were body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), Clínica Universidad de Navarra-body adiposity estimation (CUN-BAE) body fat percentage and body roundness index (BRI). Vascular function was assessed by the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) with the VaSera device; brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was determined using a validated equation.ResultsThe mean adiposity measures were a BMI of 29.2±4.4, WHtR of 0.61±0.07, CUN-BAE of 35.7±1.7 and BRI of 5.8±1.7. The mean stiffness measures were a CAVI of 8.8±1.2 and baPWV of 14.9±2.5. In multiple linear regression analyses, all adiposity measures were negatively associated with CAVI and baPWV (p<0.01 for all) after adjustment for possible factors of confusion. The proportion of CAVI variability via the adiposity measures were 5.5% for BMI, 5.8% for CUN-BAE, 3.8% for WHtR and 3.7% for BRI. These were higher among diabetic, obese, younger (≤62 years) and non-hypertensive subjects who had similar activity and sedentary profiles.ConclusionsAdiposity measures are negatively associated with arterial stiffness measures. The percentage of variation in CAVI explained by its relation to the different measures of adiposity ranges from 5.8% (CUN-BAE) to 3.7% (BRI). In the case of baPWV, it oscillates between 0.7% (CUN-BAE and BMI) and 0.1% (WHtR).Trial registration numberNCT01428934.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2044-6055</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2044-6055</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016422</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28963288</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: BMJ Publishing Group LTD</publisher><subject>Adiposity ; Adult ; Age ; Aged ; Ankle ; Ankle Brachial Index ; Atherosclerosis ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology ; Cardiovascular Medicine ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Linear Models ; Male ; Metabolic syndrome ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Obesity ; Obesity - complications ; Obesity - physiopathology ; Observational studies ; Population ; Primary care ; Primary Health Care ; Prospective Studies ; Pulse Wave Analysis ; Risk Assessment ; Spain ; Vascular Stiffness ; Velocity ; Waist Circumference ; Waist-Height Ratio ; Weight control</subject><ispartof>BMJ open, 2017-09, Vol.7 (9), p.e016422-e016422</ispartof><rights>Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.</rights><rights>2017 Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt and build upon this work, for commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b538t-114a3337bf5b580557980f63ddaeaf658ce2c089a0e47d2d09603ff6f3ba6183</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b538t-114a3337bf5b580557980f63ddaeaf658ce2c089a0e47d2d09603ff6f3ba6183</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttp://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/7/9/e016422.full.pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Gbmj$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttp://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/7/9/e016422.full$$EHTML$$P50$$Gbmj$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,27548,27549,27923,27924,53790,53792,77472,77503</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28963288$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gomez-Sanchez, Leticia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garcia-Ortiz, Luis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patino-Alonso, Maria C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Recio-Rodriguez, Jose I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rigo, Fernando</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martí, Ruth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agudo-Conde, Cristina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodriguez-Sanchez, Emiliano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maderuelo-Fernandez, Jose A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ramos, Rafel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gomez-Marcos, Manuel A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MARK Group</creatorcontrib><title>Adiposity measures and arterial stiffness in primary care: the MARK prospective observational study</title><title>BMJ open</title><addtitle>BMJ Open</addtitle><description>BackgroundThe cardiovascular risk of obesity is potentially increased by arterial stiffness.ObjectiveTo assess the relationship of adiposity measures with arterial stiffness in Caucasian adults with intermediate cardiovascular risk.SettingSix Spanish health centres.ParticipantsWe enrolled 2354 adults (age range, 35–74 years; mean age, 61.4±7.7 years, 61.9% male).MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study that analyses data from the baseline visit of the improving interMediAte RisK management (MARK) study. The main outcome variables were body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), Clínica Universidad de Navarra-body adiposity estimation (CUN-BAE) body fat percentage and body roundness index (BRI). Vascular function was assessed by the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) with the VaSera device; brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was determined using a validated equation.ResultsThe mean adiposity measures were a BMI of 29.2±4.4, WHtR of 0.61±0.07, CUN-BAE of 35.7±1.7 and BRI of 5.8±1.7. The mean stiffness measures were a CAVI of 8.8±1.2 and baPWV of 14.9±2.5. In multiple linear regression analyses, all adiposity measures were negatively associated with CAVI and baPWV (p<0.01 for all) after adjustment for possible factors of confusion. The proportion of CAVI variability via the adiposity measures were 5.5% for BMI, 5.8% for CUN-BAE, 3.8% for WHtR and 3.7% for BRI. These were higher among diabetic, obese, younger (≤62 years) and non-hypertensive subjects who had similar activity and sedentary profiles.ConclusionsAdiposity measures are negatively associated with arterial stiffness measures. The percentage of variation in CAVI explained by its relation to the different measures of adiposity ranges from 5.8% (CUN-BAE) to 3.7% (BRI). In the case of baPWV, it oscillates between 0.7% (CUN-BAE and BMI) and 0.1% (WHtR).Trial registration numberNCT01428934.</description><subject>Adiposity</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Ankle</subject><subject>Ankle Brachial Index</subject><subject>Atherosclerosis</subject><subject>Blood Pressure</subject><subject>Body Mass Index</subject><subject>Cardiovascular disease</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Medicine</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypertension</subject><subject>Linear Models</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Metabolic syndrome</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Obesity - complications</subject><subject>Obesity - physiopathology</subject><subject>Observational studies</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Primary care</subject><subject>Primary Health Care</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Pulse Wave Analysis</subject><subject>Risk Assessment</subject><subject>Spain</subject><subject>Vascular Stiffness</subject><subject>Velocity</subject><subject>Waist Circumference</subject><subject>Waist-Height Ratio</subject><subject>Weight control</subject><issn>2044-6055</issn><issn>2044-6055</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>9YT</sourceid><sourceid>ACMMV</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkV1L5DAYhcOyssroL1iQgDd7U81Hk6ZeLAzirqKysHgf0vaNZmibmqQD8--NzqzoXpmbhOQ5h_PmIPSdklNKuTxrhpWfYCwYoVVBqCwZ-4IOGCnLQhIhvr4776OjGFckr1LUQrBvaJ-pWnKm1AFql52bfHRpgwcwcQ4QsRk7bEKC4EyPY3LWjhAjdiOeghtM2ODWBDjH6RHw3fLvTb72cYI2uTVg30QIa5OcH1_Vc7c5RHvW9BGOdvsC3f-6vL-4Km7__L6-WN4WjeAqFZSWhnNeNVY0QuXgVa2IlbzrDBgrhWqBtUTVhkBZdawjtSTcWml5YyRVfIF-bm2nuRmga2FMwfR6l1l74_THl9E96ge_1kIyXmavBfqxMwj-aYaY9OBiC31vRvBz1LQuBaMVqaqMnvyHrvwc8sSvFM-ErGim-JZq8wfFAPYtDCX6pUa9q1G_1Ki3NWbV8fs53jT_SsvA6RbI6k85PgP0CKrF</recordid><startdate>20170901</startdate><enddate>20170901</enddate><creator>Gomez-Sanchez, Leticia</creator><creator>Garcia-Ortiz, Luis</creator><creator>Patino-Alonso, Maria C</creator><creator>Recio-Rodriguez, Jose I</creator><creator>Rigo, Fernando</creator><creator>Martí, Ruth</creator><creator>Agudo-Conde, Cristina</creator><creator>Rodriguez-Sanchez, Emiliano</creator><creator>Maderuelo-Fernandez, Jose A</creator><creator>Ramos, Rafel</creator><creator>Gomez-Marcos, Manuel A</creator><general>BMJ Publishing Group LTD</general><general>BMJ Publishing Group</general><scope>9YT</scope><scope>ACMMV</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BTHHO</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20170901</creationdate><title>Adiposity measures and arterial stiffness in primary care: the MARK prospective observational study</title><author>Gomez-Sanchez, Leticia ; Garcia-Ortiz, Luis ; Patino-Alonso, Maria C ; Recio-Rodriguez, Jose I ; Rigo, Fernando ; Martí, Ruth ; Agudo-Conde, Cristina ; Rodriguez-Sanchez, Emiliano ; Maderuelo-Fernandez, Jose A ; Ramos, Rafel ; Gomez-Marcos, Manuel A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b538t-114a3337bf5b580557980f63ddaeaf658ce2c089a0e47d2d09603ff6f3ba6183</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Adiposity</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Ankle</topic><topic>Ankle Brachial Index</topic><topic>Atherosclerosis</topic><topic>Blood Pressure</topic><topic>Body Mass Index</topic><topic>Cardiovascular disease</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Medicine</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypertension</topic><topic>Linear Models</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Metabolic syndrome</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Obesity - complications</topic><topic>Obesity - physiopathology</topic><topic>Observational studies</topic><topic>Population</topic><topic>Primary care</topic><topic>Primary Health Care</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Pulse Wave Analysis</topic><topic>Risk Assessment</topic><topic>Spain</topic><topic>Vascular Stiffness</topic><topic>Velocity</topic><topic>Waist Circumference</topic><topic>Waist-Height Ratio</topic><topic>Weight control</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gomez-Sanchez, Leticia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garcia-Ortiz, Luis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patino-Alonso, Maria C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Recio-Rodriguez, Jose I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rigo, Fernando</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martí, Ruth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agudo-Conde, Cristina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodriguez-Sanchez, Emiliano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maderuelo-Fernandez, Jose A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ramos, Rafel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gomez-Marcos, Manuel A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MARK Group</creatorcontrib><collection>BMJ Open Access Journals</collection><collection>BMJ Journals:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>BMJ Journals</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Psychology Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>BMJ open</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gomez-Sanchez, Leticia</au><au>Garcia-Ortiz, Luis</au><au>Patino-Alonso, Maria C</au><au>Recio-Rodriguez, Jose I</au><au>Rigo, Fernando</au><au>Martí, Ruth</au><au>Agudo-Conde, Cristina</au><au>Rodriguez-Sanchez, Emiliano</au><au>Maderuelo-Fernandez, Jose A</au><au>Ramos, Rafel</au><au>Gomez-Marcos, Manuel A</au><aucorp>MARK Group</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Adiposity measures and arterial stiffness in primary care: the MARK prospective observational study</atitle><jtitle>BMJ open</jtitle><addtitle>BMJ Open</addtitle><date>2017-09-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>7</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>e016422</spage><epage>e016422</epage><pages>e016422-e016422</pages><issn>2044-6055</issn><eissn>2044-6055</eissn><abstract>BackgroundThe cardiovascular risk of obesity is potentially increased by arterial stiffness.ObjectiveTo assess the relationship of adiposity measures with arterial stiffness in Caucasian adults with intermediate cardiovascular risk.SettingSix Spanish health centres.ParticipantsWe enrolled 2354 adults (age range, 35–74 years; mean age, 61.4±7.7 years, 61.9% male).MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study that analyses data from the baseline visit of the improving interMediAte RisK management (MARK) study. The main outcome variables were body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), Clínica Universidad de Navarra-body adiposity estimation (CUN-BAE) body fat percentage and body roundness index (BRI). Vascular function was assessed by the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) with the VaSera device; brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was determined using a validated equation.ResultsThe mean adiposity measures were a BMI of 29.2±4.4, WHtR of 0.61±0.07, CUN-BAE of 35.7±1.7 and BRI of 5.8±1.7. The mean stiffness measures were a CAVI of 8.8±1.2 and baPWV of 14.9±2.5. In multiple linear regression analyses, all adiposity measures were negatively associated with CAVI and baPWV (p<0.01 for all) after adjustment for possible factors of confusion. The proportion of CAVI variability via the adiposity measures were 5.5% for BMI, 5.8% for CUN-BAE, 3.8% for WHtR and 3.7% for BRI. These were higher among diabetic, obese, younger (≤62 years) and non-hypertensive subjects who had similar activity and sedentary profiles.ConclusionsAdiposity measures are negatively associated with arterial stiffness measures. The percentage of variation in CAVI explained by its relation to the different measures of adiposity ranges from 5.8% (CUN-BAE) to 3.7% (BRI). In the case of baPWV, it oscillates between 0.7% (CUN-BAE and BMI) and 0.1% (WHtR).Trial registration numberNCT01428934.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BMJ Publishing Group LTD</pub><pmid>28963288</pmid><doi>10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016422</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | BMJ Open Access Journals; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; PubMed Central Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Adiposity Adult Age Aged Ankle Ankle Brachial Index Atherosclerosis Blood Pressure Body Mass Index Cardiovascular disease Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology Cardiovascular Medicine Cross-Sectional Studies Diabetes Female Humans Hypertension Linear Models Male Metabolic syndrome Middle Aged Mortality Obesity Obesity - complications Obesity - physiopathology Observational studies Population Primary care Primary Health Care Prospective Studies Pulse Wave Analysis Risk Assessment Spain Vascular Stiffness Velocity Waist Circumference Waist-Height Ratio Weight control |
| title | Adiposity measures and arterial stiffness in primary care: the MARK prospective observational study |
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