Fitness, Fatness and Active School Commuting among Liverpool Schoolchildren
This study investigated differences in health outcomes between active and passive school commuters, and examined associations between parent perceptions of the neighborhood environment and active school commuting (ASC). One hundred-ninety-four children (107 girls), aged 9-10 years from ten primary s...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of environmental research and public health 2017-08, Vol.14 (9), p.995 |
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| creator | Noonan, Robert J Boddy, Lynne M Knowles, Zoe R Fairclough, Stuart J |
| description | This study investigated differences in health outcomes between active and passive school commuters, and examined associations between parent perceptions of the neighborhood environment and active school commuting (ASC). One hundred-ninety-four children (107 girls), aged 9-10 years from ten primary schools in Liverpool, England, participated in this cross-sectional study. Measures of stature, body mass, waist circumference and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were taken. School commute mode (active/passive) was self-reported and parents completed the neighborhood environment walkability scale for youth. Fifty-three percent of children commuted to school actively. Schoolchildren who lived in more deprived neighborhoods perceived by parents as being highly connected, unaesthetic and having mixed land-use were more likely to commute to school actively (
< 0.05). These children were at greatest risk of being obese and aerobically unfit(
< 0.01). Our results suggest that deprivation may explain the counterintuitive relationship between obesity, CRF and ASC in Liverpool schoolchildren. These findings encourage researchers and policy makers to be equally mindful of the social determinants of health when advocating behavioral and environmental health interventions. Further research exploring contextual factors to ASC, and examining the concurrent effect of ASC and diet on weight status by deprivation is needed. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijerph14090995 |
| format | Article |
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< 0.05). These children were at greatest risk of being obese and aerobically unfit(
< 0.01). Our results suggest that deprivation may explain the counterintuitive relationship between obesity, CRF and ASC in Liverpool schoolchildren. These findings encourage researchers and policy makers to be equally mindful of the social determinants of health when advocating behavioral and environmental health interventions. Further research exploring contextual factors to ASC, and examining the concurrent effect of ASC and diet on weight status by deprivation is needed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-7827</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14090995</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28858268</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Body mass ; Body mass index ; Cardiorespiratory Fitness ; Child ; Children ; Children & youth ; Cities ; Commuting ; Consent ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Deprivation ; England ; Environmental health ; Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Land use ; Low income groups ; Male ; Medical screening ; Neighborhoods ; Obesity ; Parents ; Physical Fitness ; Public health ; Residence Characteristics ; Schools ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Traffic ; Transportation ; Waist Circumference ; Walking</subject><ispartof>International journal of environmental research and public health, 2017-08, Vol.14 (9), p.995</ispartof><rights>2017. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2017 by the authors. 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-8872247f1c34defd3ac3cdd3c8b69f04bbb06e4d7817bc16964e72b329a39d7f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-8872247f1c34defd3ac3cdd3c8b69f04bbb06e4d7817bc16964e72b329a39d7f3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9575-5729 ; 0000-0001-8358-1979</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5615532/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5615532/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,882,27905,27906,53772,53774</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28858268$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Noonan, Robert J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boddy, Lynne M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Knowles, Zoe R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fairclough, Stuart J</creatorcontrib><title>Fitness, Fatness and Active School Commuting among Liverpool Schoolchildren</title><title>International journal of environmental research and public health</title><addtitle>Int J Environ Res Public Health</addtitle><description>This study investigated differences in health outcomes between active and passive school commuters, and examined associations between parent perceptions of the neighborhood environment and active school commuting (ASC). One hundred-ninety-four children (107 girls), aged 9-10 years from ten primary schools in Liverpool, England, participated in this cross-sectional study. Measures of stature, body mass, waist circumference and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were taken. School commute mode (active/passive) was self-reported and parents completed the neighborhood environment walkability scale for youth. Fifty-three percent of children commuted to school actively. Schoolchildren who lived in more deprived neighborhoods perceived by parents as being highly connected, unaesthetic and having mixed land-use were more likely to commute to school actively (
< 0.05). These children were at greatest risk of being obese and aerobically unfit(
< 0.01). Our results suggest that deprivation may explain the counterintuitive relationship between obesity, CRF and ASC in Liverpool schoolchildren. These findings encourage researchers and policy makers to be equally mindful of the social determinants of health when advocating behavioral and environmental health interventions. Further research exploring contextual factors to ASC, and examining the concurrent effect of ASC and diet on weight status by deprivation is needed.</description><subject>Body mass</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Cardiorespiratory Fitness</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Cities</subject><subject>Commuting</subject><subject>Consent</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Deprivation</subject><subject>England</subject><subject>Environmental health</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Land use</subject><subject>Low income groups</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical screening</subject><subject>Neighborhoods</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Parents</subject><subject>Physical Fitness</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Residence Characteristics</subject><subject>Schools</subject><subject>Socioeconomic Factors</subject><subject>Traffic</subject><subject>Transportation</subject><subject>Waist Circumference</subject><subject>Walking</subject><issn>1660-4601</issn><issn>1661-7827</issn><issn>1660-4601</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkc1LAzEQxYMotlavHmXBiwdb87XZ5CKUYlUseFDPIZtk25TdTU12C_73bm0t1ktm4P3ymJkHwCWCI0IEvHNLG1YLRKGAQqRHoI8Yg0PKIDr-0_fAWYxLCAmnTJyCHuY85ZjxPniZuqa2Md4mU_XTJKo2yVg3bm2TN73wvkwmvqraxtXzRFW-e2edFlYbZQvohStNsPU5OClUGe3Frg7Ax_ThffI0nL0-Pk_Gs6GmlDVDzjOMaVYgTaixhSFKE20M0TxnooA0z3PILDUZR1muEROM2gznBAtFhMkKMgD3W99Vm1fWaFs3QZVyFVylwpf0yslDpXYLOfdrmTKUpgR3Bjc7g-A_WxsbWbmobVmq2vo2SiQIxZxQwTr0-h-69G2ou_UkRpBTQnh31gEYbSkdfIzBFvthEJSbnORhTt2Hq78r7PHfYMg3VBOQSQ</recordid><startdate>20170831</startdate><enddate>20170831</enddate><creator>Noonan, Robert J</creator><creator>Boddy, Lynne M</creator><creator>Knowles, Zoe R</creator><creator>Fairclough, Stuart J</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9575-5729</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8358-1979</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20170831</creationdate><title>Fitness, Fatness and Active School Commuting among Liverpool Schoolchildren</title><author>Noonan, Robert J ; Boddy, Lynne M ; Knowles, Zoe R ; Fairclough, Stuart J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-8872247f1c34defd3ac3cdd3c8b69f04bbb06e4d7817bc16964e72b329a39d7f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Body mass</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Cardiorespiratory Fitness</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>Cities</topic><topic>Commuting</topic><topic>Consent</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Deprivation</topic><topic>England</topic><topic>Environmental health</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Land use</topic><topic>Low income groups</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical screening</topic><topic>Neighborhoods</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Parents</topic><topic>Physical Fitness</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Residence Characteristics</topic><topic>Schools</topic><topic>Socioeconomic Factors</topic><topic>Traffic</topic><topic>Transportation</topic><topic>Waist Circumference</topic><topic>Walking</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Noonan, Robert J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boddy, Lynne M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Knowles, Zoe R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fairclough, Stuart J</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>International journal of environmental research and public health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Noonan, Robert J</au><au>Boddy, Lynne M</au><au>Knowles, Zoe R</au><au>Fairclough, Stuart J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Fitness, Fatness and Active School Commuting among Liverpool Schoolchildren</atitle><jtitle>International journal of environmental research and public health</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Environ Res Public Health</addtitle><date>2017-08-31</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>995</spage><pages>995-</pages><issn>1660-4601</issn><issn>1661-7827</issn><eissn>1660-4601</eissn><abstract>This study investigated differences in health outcomes between active and passive school commuters, and examined associations between parent perceptions of the neighborhood environment and active school commuting (ASC). One hundred-ninety-four children (107 girls), aged 9-10 years from ten primary schools in Liverpool, England, participated in this cross-sectional study. Measures of stature, body mass, waist circumference and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were taken. School commute mode (active/passive) was self-reported and parents completed the neighborhood environment walkability scale for youth. Fifty-three percent of children commuted to school actively. Schoolchildren who lived in more deprived neighborhoods perceived by parents as being highly connected, unaesthetic and having mixed land-use were more likely to commute to school actively (
< 0.05). These children were at greatest risk of being obese and aerobically unfit(
< 0.01). Our results suggest that deprivation may explain the counterintuitive relationship between obesity, CRF and ASC in Liverpool schoolchildren. These findings encourage researchers and policy makers to be equally mindful of the social determinants of health when advocating behavioral and environmental health interventions. Further research exploring contextual factors to ASC, and examining the concurrent effect of ASC and diet on weight status by deprivation is needed.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>28858268</pmid><doi>10.3390/ijerph14090995</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9575-5729</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8358-1979</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | International journal of environmental research and public health, 2017-08, Vol.14 (9), p.995 |
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| subjects | Body mass Body mass index Cardiorespiratory Fitness Child Children Children & youth Cities Commuting Consent Cross-Sectional Studies Deprivation England Environmental health Exercise Female Humans Land use Low income groups Male Medical screening Neighborhoods Obesity Parents Physical Fitness Public health Residence Characteristics Schools Socioeconomic Factors Traffic Transportation Waist Circumference Walking |
| title | Fitness, Fatness and Active School Commuting among Liverpool Schoolchildren |
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