Oral arginine improves linear growth of long bones and the neuroendocrine mechanism
Objective To investigate the effect of oral administration of arginine on linear growth of long bones in male pubertal rats and the underlying mechanisms, focusing on expression of genes related to the hypothalamus-pituitary growth axis and the nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Neuroscience bulletin 2011-06, Vol.27 (3), p.156-162 |
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| description | Objective
To investigate the effect of oral administration of arginine on linear growth of long bones in male pubertal rats and the underlying mechanisms, focusing on expression of genes related to the hypothalamus-pituitary growth axis and the nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway.
Methods
Rats were randomly divided into control and intervention groups. In the intervention group, arginine was solved in water (0.045 g
L
-arginine was mixed with 1 mL water) and administered in rats (10 mL/kg) through gastric perfusion once per day, for totally 28 d. Rats in the control group received normal saline treatment. Bone histomorphometry analysis was used to measure growth plate width and mineral apposition rate of the tibia, as well as trabecular bone volume fraction, osteoblast surface and osteoclast surface of the femur. Serum growth hormone (GH) concentration was determined by radioimmunoassay. Real-time PCR was used to measure the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (
nNOS
), soluble guanylyl cyclases (
sGCα1
and
sGCβ1
), growth hormone-releasing hormone (
Ghrh
) and somatostatin (
SS
) in hypothalamus, as well as
Gh
in pituitary. Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of nNOS, sGCα1 and sGCβ1 in hypothalamus.
Results
After treatment with arginine, the growth plate width of tibia and osteoblast surface of femur were increased (
P
< 0.05), and serum GH concentration was elevated (
P
< 0.05). Besides, mRNA and protein levels of nNOS and sGCα1 (
P
< 0.05), as well as the expression of
Gh
mRNA (
P
< 0.01), were significantly up-regulated, while the expression of
SS
mRNA was downregulated (
P
< 0.05).
Conclusion
Oral administration of arginine could improve linear growth of long bones by regulating mRNA expression of
SS
and
Gh
and inducing GH secretion, possibly via nNOS-NO-sGC-cGMP signal transduction pathway. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12264-011-1051-3 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5560364</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>868998612</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c441t-3dc71579c827b314fca16e923ad3d44afb9b2e51a6d442b9a80e1e25fa784c6f3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9Uctu1TAQtRAVfcAHsEHesQp4bMePDRKqaEGq1EVhbTnOJDdVYl_spBV_j69uqWDDamZ0HmPPIeQtsA_AmP5YgHMlGwbQAGuhES_IGVjbNoaDeVl7pUWjmdKn5LyUe8YU00K-IqccFEhmzRm5u81-pj6PU5wi0mnZ5_SAhc518pmOOT2uO5oGOqc40i7FivnY03WHNOKWE8Y-hXzQLhh2Pk5leU1OBj8XfPNUL8iPqy_fL782N7fX3y4_3zRBSlgb0QcNrbbBcN0JkEPwoNBy4XvRS-mHznYcW_CqTryz3jAE5O3gtZFBDeKCfDr67rduwT5gXOtn3D5Pi8-_XPKT-xeJ086N6cG1rWJCyWrw_skgp58bltUtUwk4zz5i2oozylhrFPDKhCMz5FRKxuF5CzB3yMIds3A1C3fIwomqeff3854Vf45fCfxIKBWKI2Z3n7Yc68n-4_obrq2WtQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>868998612</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Oral arginine improves linear growth of long bones and the neuroendocrine mechanism</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Jiang, Ming-Yu ; Cai, De-Pei</creator><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Ming-Yu ; Cai, De-Pei</creatorcontrib><description>Objective
To investigate the effect of oral administration of arginine on linear growth of long bones in male pubertal rats and the underlying mechanisms, focusing on expression of genes related to the hypothalamus-pituitary growth axis and the nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway.
Methods
Rats were randomly divided into control and intervention groups. In the intervention group, arginine was solved in water (0.045 g
L
-arginine was mixed with 1 mL water) and administered in rats (10 mL/kg) through gastric perfusion once per day, for totally 28 d. Rats in the control group received normal saline treatment. Bone histomorphometry analysis was used to measure growth plate width and mineral apposition rate of the tibia, as well as trabecular bone volume fraction, osteoblast surface and osteoclast surface of the femur. Serum growth hormone (GH) concentration was determined by radioimmunoassay. Real-time PCR was used to measure the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (
nNOS
), soluble guanylyl cyclases (
sGCα1
and
sGCβ1
), growth hormone-releasing hormone (
Ghrh
) and somatostatin (
SS
) in hypothalamus, as well as
Gh
in pituitary. Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of nNOS, sGCα1 and sGCβ1 in hypothalamus.
Results
After treatment with arginine, the growth plate width of tibia and osteoblast surface of femur were increased (
P
< 0.05), and serum GH concentration was elevated (
P
< 0.05). Besides, mRNA and protein levels of nNOS and sGCα1 (
P
< 0.05), as well as the expression of
Gh
mRNA (
P
< 0.01), were significantly up-regulated, while the expression of
SS
mRNA was downregulated (
P
< 0.05).
Conclusion
Oral administration of arginine could improve linear growth of long bones by regulating mRNA expression of
SS
and
Gh
and inducing GH secretion, possibly via nNOS-NO-sGC-cGMP signal transduction pathway.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1673-7067</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1995-8218</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s12264-011-1051-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21614098</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Heidelberg: Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences</publisher><subject>Anatomy ; Anesthesiology ; Animals ; Arginine - administration & dosage ; Arginine - physiology ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Bone Development - drug effects ; Bone Development - physiology ; Cyclic GMP - metabolism ; Femur - drug effects ; Femur - physiology ; Growth Hormone - blood ; Growth Hormone - drug effects ; Growth Plate - drug effects ; Growth Plate - metabolism ; Guanylate Cyclase - drug effects ; Guanylate Cyclase - genetics ; Guanylate Cyclase - metabolism ; Human Physiology ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - drug effects ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - physiology ; Male ; Neurology ; Neurosciences ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I - drug effects ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I - genetics ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I - metabolism ; Original ; Original Article ; Pain Medicine ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - drug effects ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - genetics ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - metabolism ; RNA, Messenger - analysis ; Signal Transduction - drug effects ; Signal Transduction - physiology ; Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase ; Tibia - drug effects ; Tibia - physiology</subject><ispartof>Neuroscience bulletin, 2011-06, Vol.27 (3), p.156-162</ispartof><rights>Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, CAS and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c441t-3dc71579c827b314fca16e923ad3d44afb9b2e51a6d442b9a80e1e25fa784c6f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c441t-3dc71579c827b314fca16e923ad3d44afb9b2e51a6d442b9a80e1e25fa784c6f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5560364/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5560364/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21614098$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Ming-Yu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cai, De-Pei</creatorcontrib><title>Oral arginine improves linear growth of long bones and the neuroendocrine mechanism</title><title>Neuroscience bulletin</title><addtitle>Neurosci. Bull</addtitle><addtitle>Neurosci Bull</addtitle><description>Objective
To investigate the effect of oral administration of arginine on linear growth of long bones in male pubertal rats and the underlying mechanisms, focusing on expression of genes related to the hypothalamus-pituitary growth axis and the nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway.
Methods
Rats were randomly divided into control and intervention groups. In the intervention group, arginine was solved in water (0.045 g
L
-arginine was mixed with 1 mL water) and administered in rats (10 mL/kg) through gastric perfusion once per day, for totally 28 d. Rats in the control group received normal saline treatment. Bone histomorphometry analysis was used to measure growth plate width and mineral apposition rate of the tibia, as well as trabecular bone volume fraction, osteoblast surface and osteoclast surface of the femur. Serum growth hormone (GH) concentration was determined by radioimmunoassay. Real-time PCR was used to measure the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (
nNOS
), soluble guanylyl cyclases (
sGCα1
and
sGCβ1
), growth hormone-releasing hormone (
Ghrh
) and somatostatin (
SS
) in hypothalamus, as well as
Gh
in pituitary. Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of nNOS, sGCα1 and sGCβ1 in hypothalamus.
Results
After treatment with arginine, the growth plate width of tibia and osteoblast surface of femur were increased (
P
< 0.05), and serum GH concentration was elevated (
P
< 0.05). Besides, mRNA and protein levels of nNOS and sGCα1 (
P
< 0.05), as well as the expression of
Gh
mRNA (
P
< 0.01), were significantly up-regulated, while the expression of
SS
mRNA was downregulated (
P
< 0.05).
Conclusion
Oral administration of arginine could improve linear growth of long bones by regulating mRNA expression of
SS
and
Gh
and inducing GH secretion, possibly via nNOS-NO-sGC-cGMP signal transduction pathway.</description><subject>Anatomy</subject><subject>Anesthesiology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Arginine - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Arginine - physiology</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Bone Development - drug effects</subject><subject>Bone Development - physiology</subject><subject>Cyclic GMP - metabolism</subject><subject>Femur - drug effects</subject><subject>Femur - physiology</subject><subject>Growth Hormone - blood</subject><subject>Growth Hormone - drug effects</subject><subject>Growth Plate - drug effects</subject><subject>Growth Plate - metabolism</subject><subject>Guanylate Cyclase - drug effects</subject><subject>Guanylate Cyclase - genetics</subject><subject>Guanylate Cyclase - metabolism</subject><subject>Human Physiology</subject><subject>Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - drug effects</subject><subject>Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - physiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Neurosciences</subject><subject>Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I - drug effects</subject><subject>Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I - genetics</subject><subject>Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I - metabolism</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Pain Medicine</subject><subject>Random Allocation</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - drug effects</subject><subject>Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - genetics</subject><subject>Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - metabolism</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - analysis</subject><subject>Signal Transduction - drug effects</subject><subject>Signal Transduction - physiology</subject><subject>Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase</subject><subject>Tibia - drug effects</subject><subject>Tibia - physiology</subject><issn>1673-7067</issn><issn>1995-8218</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9Uctu1TAQtRAVfcAHsEHesQp4bMePDRKqaEGq1EVhbTnOJDdVYl_spBV_j69uqWDDamZ0HmPPIeQtsA_AmP5YgHMlGwbQAGuhES_IGVjbNoaDeVl7pUWjmdKn5LyUe8YU00K-IqccFEhmzRm5u81-pj6PU5wi0mnZ5_SAhc518pmOOT2uO5oGOqc40i7FivnY03WHNOKWE8Y-hXzQLhh2Pk5leU1OBj8XfPNUL8iPqy_fL782N7fX3y4_3zRBSlgb0QcNrbbBcN0JkEPwoNBy4XvRS-mHznYcW_CqTryz3jAE5O3gtZFBDeKCfDr67rduwT5gXOtn3D5Pi8-_XPKT-xeJ086N6cG1rWJCyWrw_skgp58bltUtUwk4zz5i2oozylhrFPDKhCMz5FRKxuF5CzB3yMIds3A1C3fIwomqeff3854Vf45fCfxIKBWKI2Z3n7Yc68n-4_obrq2WtQ</recordid><startdate>20110601</startdate><enddate>20110601</enddate><creator>Jiang, Ming-Yu</creator><creator>Cai, De-Pei</creator><general>Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110601</creationdate><title>Oral arginine improves linear growth of long bones and the neuroendocrine mechanism</title><author>Jiang, Ming-Yu ; Cai, De-Pei</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c441t-3dc71579c827b314fca16e923ad3d44afb9b2e51a6d442b9a80e1e25fa784c6f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Anatomy</topic><topic>Anesthesiology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Arginine - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Arginine - physiology</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedicine</topic><topic>Bone Development - drug effects</topic><topic>Bone Development - physiology</topic><topic>Cyclic GMP - metabolism</topic><topic>Femur - drug effects</topic><topic>Femur - physiology</topic><topic>Growth Hormone - blood</topic><topic>Growth Hormone - drug effects</topic><topic>Growth Plate - drug effects</topic><topic>Growth Plate - metabolism</topic><topic>Guanylate Cyclase - drug effects</topic><topic>Guanylate Cyclase - genetics</topic><topic>Guanylate Cyclase - metabolism</topic><topic>Human Physiology</topic><topic>Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - drug effects</topic><topic>Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - physiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Neurology</topic><topic>Neurosciences</topic><topic>Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I - drug effects</topic><topic>Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I - genetics</topic><topic>Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I - metabolism</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Pain Medicine</topic><topic>Random Allocation</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - drug effects</topic><topic>Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - genetics</topic><topic>Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - metabolism</topic><topic>RNA, Messenger - analysis</topic><topic>Signal Transduction - drug effects</topic><topic>Signal Transduction - physiology</topic><topic>Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase</topic><topic>Tibia - drug effects</topic><topic>Tibia - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Ming-Yu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cai, De-Pei</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Neuroscience bulletin</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Jiang, Ming-Yu</au><au>Cai, De-Pei</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Oral arginine improves linear growth of long bones and the neuroendocrine mechanism</atitle><jtitle>Neuroscience bulletin</jtitle><stitle>Neurosci. Bull</stitle><addtitle>Neurosci Bull</addtitle><date>2011-06-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>156</spage><epage>162</epage><pages>156-162</pages><issn>1673-7067</issn><eissn>1995-8218</eissn><abstract>Objective
To investigate the effect of oral administration of arginine on linear growth of long bones in male pubertal rats and the underlying mechanisms, focusing on expression of genes related to the hypothalamus-pituitary growth axis and the nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway.
Methods
Rats were randomly divided into control and intervention groups. In the intervention group, arginine was solved in water (0.045 g
L
-arginine was mixed with 1 mL water) and administered in rats (10 mL/kg) through gastric perfusion once per day, for totally 28 d. Rats in the control group received normal saline treatment. Bone histomorphometry analysis was used to measure growth plate width and mineral apposition rate of the tibia, as well as trabecular bone volume fraction, osteoblast surface and osteoclast surface of the femur. Serum growth hormone (GH) concentration was determined by radioimmunoassay. Real-time PCR was used to measure the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (
nNOS
), soluble guanylyl cyclases (
sGCα1
and
sGCβ1
), growth hormone-releasing hormone (
Ghrh
) and somatostatin (
SS
) in hypothalamus, as well as
Gh
in pituitary. Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of nNOS, sGCα1 and sGCβ1 in hypothalamus.
Results
After treatment with arginine, the growth plate width of tibia and osteoblast surface of femur were increased (
P
< 0.05), and serum GH concentration was elevated (
P
< 0.05). Besides, mRNA and protein levels of nNOS and sGCα1 (
P
< 0.05), as well as the expression of
Gh
mRNA (
P
< 0.01), were significantly up-regulated, while the expression of
SS
mRNA was downregulated (
P
< 0.05).
Conclusion
Oral administration of arginine could improve linear growth of long bones by regulating mRNA expression of
SS
and
Gh
and inducing GH secretion, possibly via nNOS-NO-sGC-cGMP signal transduction pathway.</abstract><cop>Heidelberg</cop><pub>Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences</pub><pmid>21614098</pmid><doi>10.1007/s12264-011-1051-3</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1673-7067 |
| ispartof | Neuroscience bulletin, 2011-06, Vol.27 (3), p.156-162 |
| issn | 1673-7067 1995-8218 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5560364 |
| source | MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Anatomy Anesthesiology Animals Arginine - administration & dosage Arginine - physiology Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Bone Development - drug effects Bone Development - physiology Cyclic GMP - metabolism Femur - drug effects Femur - physiology Growth Hormone - blood Growth Hormone - drug effects Growth Plate - drug effects Growth Plate - metabolism Guanylate Cyclase - drug effects Guanylate Cyclase - genetics Guanylate Cyclase - metabolism Human Physiology Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - drug effects Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - physiology Male Neurology Neurosciences Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I - drug effects Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I - genetics Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I - metabolism Original Original Article Pain Medicine Random Allocation Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - drug effects Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - genetics Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - metabolism RNA, Messenger - analysis Signal Transduction - drug effects Signal Transduction - physiology Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase Tibia - drug effects Tibia - physiology |
| title | Oral arginine improves linear growth of long bones and the neuroendocrine mechanism |
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