Evolutionary strata on young mating-type chromosomes despite the lack of sexual antagonism

Sex chromosomes can display successive steps of recombination suppression known as “evolutionary strata,” which are thought to result from the successive linkage of sexually antagonistic genes to sex-determining genes. However, there is little evidence to support this explanation. Here we investigat...

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Veröffentlicht in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2017-07, Vol.114 (27), p.7067-7072
Hauptverfasser: Branco, Sara, Badouin, Hélène, de la Vega, Ricardo C. Rodríguez, Gouzy, Jérôme, Carpentier, Fantin, Aguileta, Gabriela, Siguenza, Sophie, Brandenburg, Jean-Tristan, Coelho, Marco A., Hood, Michael E., Giraud, Tatiana
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container_title Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS
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creator Branco, Sara
Badouin, Hélène
de la Vega, Ricardo C. Rodríguez
Gouzy, Jérôme
Carpentier, Fantin
Aguileta, Gabriela
Siguenza, Sophie
Brandenburg, Jean-Tristan
Coelho, Marco A.
Hood, Michael E.
Giraud, Tatiana
description Sex chromosomes can display successive steps of recombination suppression known as “evolutionary strata,” which are thought to result from the successive linkage of sexually antagonistic genes to sex-determining genes. However, there is little evidence to support this explanation. Here we investigate whether evolutionary strata can evolve without sexual antagonism using fungi that display suppressed recombination extending beyond loci determining mating compatibility despite lack of male/female roles associated with their mating types. By comparing full-length chromosome assemblies from five anther-smut fungi with or without recombination suppression in their mating-type chromosomes, we inferred the ancestral gene order and derived chromosomal arrangements in this group. This approach shed light on the chromosomal fusion underlying the linkage of mating-type loci in fungi and provided evidence for multiple clearly resolved evolutionary strata over a range of ages (0.9–2.1 million years) in mating-type chromosomes. Several evolutionary strata did not include genes involved in mating-type determination. The existence of strata devoid of mating-type genes, despite the lack of sexual antagonism, calls for a unified theory of sex-related chromosome evolution, incorporating, for example, the influence of partially linked deleterious mutations and the maintenance of neutral rearrangement polymorphism due to balancing selection on sexes and mating types.
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subjects Age
Biochemistry, Molecular Biology
Biological Evolution
Biological Sciences
Chromosomes
Chromosomes, Fungal
Evolution
Evolution, Molecular
Evolutionary biology
Fungi
Fungi - genetics
Gene order
Gene Rearrangement
Genes
Genes, Mating Type, Fungal
Genetic Linkage
Genome, Fungal
Genomics
Haploidy
Heterozygote
Life Sciences
Loci
Mating types
Microbiology and Parasitology
Mutation
Mycology
Phylogeny
Plant reproduction
Polymorphism
Recombination
Recombination, Genetic
Sex
Sex chromosomes
Smut
Strata
title Evolutionary strata on young mating-type chromosomes despite the lack of sexual antagonism
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