Oral Candida in Patients with Fixed Orthodontic Appliance: In Vitro Combination Therapy
Background. Fixed orthodontic appliance (FOA) increases the cariogenic microorganisms of mouth including candida. The aim was to evaluate the pharmacodynamic effects of some antibacterial drugs in combination with most applicable antifungal agents on candida isolated from patients with FOA. Methods....
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| Veröffentlicht in: | BioMed research international 2017-01, Vol.2017 (2017), p.1-8 |
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| creator | Al-Humadi, Hussam W. Al-Dabagh, Nebras N. Al-Saigh, Rafal J. Alhamadi, Wisam |
| description | Background. Fixed orthodontic appliance (FOA) increases the cariogenic microorganisms of mouth including candida. The aim was to evaluate the pharmacodynamic effects of some antibacterial drugs in combination with most applicable antifungal agents on candida isolated from patients with FOA. Methods. Three antifungal agents (amphotericin B (AMB), ketoconazole (KET), and itraconazole (ITZ)) and three antibacterial drugs (ciprofloxacin (CIP), doxycycline (DOX), and metronidazole (MET)) with serial concentrations have been used and microdilution broth method has been done for single and combination therapy, then fungal growth was assessed spectrophotometrically, and the combinations were evaluated by bliss independent analysis. Results. According to bliss independent interaction, the synergistic interactions depended on ΔE values that showed the best for CIP was with AMB (ΔE=55.14) followed with KET (ΔE=41.23) and lastly ITR (ΔE=39.67) at CIP = 150 mg/L. DOX was optimal with KET (ΔE=42.11) followed with AMB (ΔE=40.77) and the lowest with ITR (ΔE=9.12) at DOX = 75 mg/L. MET is the best with AMB (ΔE=40.95) and then with ITR (ΔE=35.45) and finally KET (ΔE=15.15) at MET 200 mg/L. Moreover, usage of higher concentrations of antibacterial agents revealed inhibitory effects. Conclusion. This study uncovers the optimum antibiotic combination therapy against cariogenic candida with FOA by usage of low therapeutic concentrations. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1155/2017/1802875 |
| format | Article |
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Fixed orthodontic appliance (FOA) increases the cariogenic microorganisms of mouth including candida. The aim was to evaluate the pharmacodynamic effects of some antibacterial drugs in combination with most applicable antifungal agents on candida isolated from patients with FOA. Methods. Three antifungal agents (amphotericin B (AMB), ketoconazole (KET), and itraconazole (ITZ)) and three antibacterial drugs (ciprofloxacin (CIP), doxycycline (DOX), and metronidazole (MET)) with serial concentrations have been used and microdilution broth method has been done for single and combination therapy, then fungal growth was assessed spectrophotometrically, and the combinations were evaluated by bliss independent analysis. Results. According to bliss independent interaction, the synergistic interactions depended on ΔE values that showed the best for CIP was with AMB (ΔE=55.14) followed with KET (ΔE=41.23) and lastly ITR (ΔE=39.67) at CIP = 150 mg/L. DOX was optimal with KET (ΔE=42.11) followed with AMB (ΔE=40.77) and the lowest with ITR (ΔE=9.12) at DOX = 75 mg/L. MET is the best with AMB (ΔE=40.95) and then with ITR (ΔE=35.45) and finally KET (ΔE=15.15) at MET 200 mg/L. Moreover, usage of higher concentrations of antibacterial agents revealed inhibitory effects. Conclusion. This study uncovers the optimum antibiotic combination therapy against cariogenic candida with FOA by usage of low therapeutic concentrations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2314-6133</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2314-6141</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1155/2017/1802875</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28685145</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cairo, Egypt: Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher><subject>Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage ; Antibiotics ; Antifungal agents ; Antifungal Agents - administration & dosage ; Antimicrobial agents ; Candidiasis ; Candidiasis, Oral - drug therapy ; Candidiasis, Oral - etiology ; Candidiasis, Oral - microbiology ; Complications and side effects ; Dental Caries - drug therapy ; Dental Caries - etiology ; Dental Caries - microbiology ; Dentistry ; Denture, Partial, Fixed - adverse effects ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; Dosage and administration ; Drug resistance ; Drug therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Humans ; Laboratories ; Male ; Methods ; Microorganisms ; Orthodontic appliances ; Orthodontics ; Patient outcomes ; Pharmacy ; Protein synthesis ; Proteins ; Studies</subject><ispartof>BioMed research international, 2017-01, Vol.2017 (2017), p.1-8</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2017 Wisam Alhamadi et al.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2017 Wisam Alhamadi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2017 Wisam Alhamadi et al. 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c499t-c1766f8fac3a4e9c7e84895e0d676ad899721d3ebdcb03d1130ec3acd40b50ef3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c499t-c1766f8fac3a4e9c7e84895e0d676ad899721d3ebdcb03d1130ec3acd40b50ef3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3691-0949</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5480024/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5480024/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27922,27923,53789,53791</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28685145$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Scribante, Andrea</contributor><creatorcontrib>Al-Humadi, Hussam W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al-Dabagh, Nebras N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al-Saigh, Rafal J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alhamadi, Wisam</creatorcontrib><title>Oral Candida in Patients with Fixed Orthodontic Appliance: In Vitro Combination Therapy</title><title>BioMed research international</title><addtitle>Biomed Res Int</addtitle><description>Background. Fixed orthodontic appliance (FOA) increases the cariogenic microorganisms of mouth including candida. The aim was to evaluate the pharmacodynamic effects of some antibacterial drugs in combination with most applicable antifungal agents on candida isolated from patients with FOA. Methods. Three antifungal agents (amphotericin B (AMB), ketoconazole (KET), and itraconazole (ITZ)) and three antibacterial drugs (ciprofloxacin (CIP), doxycycline (DOX), and metronidazole (MET)) with serial concentrations have been used and microdilution broth method has been done for single and combination therapy, then fungal growth was assessed spectrophotometrically, and the combinations were evaluated by bliss independent analysis. Results. According to bliss independent interaction, the synergistic interactions depended on ΔE values that showed the best for CIP was with AMB (ΔE=55.14) followed with KET (ΔE=41.23) and lastly ITR (ΔE=39.67) at CIP = 150 mg/L. DOX was optimal with KET (ΔE=42.11) followed with AMB (ΔE=40.77) and the lowest with ITR (ΔE=9.12) at DOX = 75 mg/L. MET is the best with AMB (ΔE=40.95) and then with ITR (ΔE=35.45) and finally KET (ΔE=15.15) at MET 200 mg/L. Moreover, usage of higher concentrations of antibacterial agents revealed inhibitory effects. Conclusion. This study uncovers the optimum antibiotic combination therapy against cariogenic candida with FOA by usage of low therapeutic concentrations.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Antibiotics</subject><subject>Antifungal agents</subject><subject>Antifungal Agents - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Antimicrobial agents</subject><subject>Candidiasis</subject><subject>Candidiasis, Oral - drug therapy</subject><subject>Candidiasis, Oral - etiology</subject><subject>Candidiasis, Oral - microbiology</subject><subject>Complications and side effects</subject><subject>Dental Caries - drug therapy</subject><subject>Dental Caries - etiology</subject><subject>Dental Caries - microbiology</subject><subject>Dentistry</subject><subject>Denture, Partial, Fixed - adverse effects</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>Dosage and administration</subject><subject>Drug resistance</subject><subject>Drug therapy</subject><subject>Drug Therapy, Combination</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Orthodontic appliances</subject><subject>Orthodontics</subject><subject>Patient outcomes</subject><subject>Pharmacy</subject><subject>Protein synthesis</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Studies</subject><issn>2314-6133</issn><issn>2314-6141</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RHX</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkUFvFCEYhonR2Kb25tmQeNRt-QaYAQ8mm01rmzTZHqoeCQPfdGh2YWRmbfvvpdl1q7dygYSH53vJS8h7YCcAUp5WDJpTUKxSjXxFDisOYlaDgNf7M-cH5Hgc71hZCmqm67fkoFK1kiDkIfm5zHZFFzb64C0NkV7bKWCcRnofpp6ehwf0dJmnPvkUp-DofBhWwUaHX-hlpD_ClBNdpHUbYnmYIr3pMdvh8R1509nViMe7_Yh8Pz-7WVzMrpbfLhfzq5kTWk8zB01dd6qzjluB2jWohNISma-b2nqldVOB59h61zLuATjDgjovWCsZdvyIfN16h027Ru9K9PIhM-SwtvnRJBvM_zcx9OY2_TZSKMYqUQQfd4Kcfm1wnMxd2uRYMhvQwMp4xqtn6tau0ITYpSJz6zA6M5ey4Qx4wwv1eUu5nMYxY7fPAcw89WWe-jK7vgr-4d_se_hvOwX4tAX6EL29Dy_UYWGws880cAFa8j-GTqZR</recordid><startdate>20170101</startdate><enddate>20170101</enddate><creator>Al-Humadi, Hussam W.</creator><creator>Al-Dabagh, Nebras N.</creator><creator>Al-Saigh, Rafal J.</creator><creator>Alhamadi, Wisam</creator><general>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</general><general>Hindawi</general><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>Hindawi Limited</general><scope>ADJCN</scope><scope>AHFXO</scope><scope>RHU</scope><scope>RHW</scope><scope>RHX</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CWDGH</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3691-0949</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20170101</creationdate><title>Oral Candida in Patients with Fixed Orthodontic Appliance: In Vitro Combination Therapy</title><author>Al-Humadi, Hussam W. ; Al-Dabagh, Nebras N. ; Al-Saigh, Rafal J. ; Alhamadi, Wisam</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c499t-c1766f8fac3a4e9c7e84895e0d676ad899721d3ebdcb03d1130ec3acd40b50ef3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Antibiotics</topic><topic>Antifungal agents</topic><topic>Antifungal Agents - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Antimicrobial agents</topic><topic>Candidiasis</topic><topic>Candidiasis, Oral - drug therapy</topic><topic>Candidiasis, Oral - etiology</topic><topic>Candidiasis, Oral - microbiology</topic><topic>Complications and side effects</topic><topic>Dental Caries - drug therapy</topic><topic>Dental Caries - etiology</topic><topic>Dental Caries - microbiology</topic><topic>Dentistry</topic><topic>Denture, Partial, Fixed - adverse effects</topic><topic>Deoxyribonucleic acid</topic><topic>DNA</topic><topic>Dosage and administration</topic><topic>Drug resistance</topic><topic>Drug therapy</topic><topic>Drug Therapy, Combination</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Methods</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Orthodontic appliances</topic><topic>Orthodontics</topic><topic>Patient outcomes</topic><topic>Pharmacy</topic><topic>Protein synthesis</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Studies</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Al-Humadi, Hussam W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al-Dabagh, Nebras N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al-Saigh, Rafal J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alhamadi, Wisam</creatorcontrib><collection>الدوريات العلمية والإحصائية - 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Fixed orthodontic appliance (FOA) increases the cariogenic microorganisms of mouth including candida. The aim was to evaluate the pharmacodynamic effects of some antibacterial drugs in combination with most applicable antifungal agents on candida isolated from patients with FOA. Methods. Three antifungal agents (amphotericin B (AMB), ketoconazole (KET), and itraconazole (ITZ)) and three antibacterial drugs (ciprofloxacin (CIP), doxycycline (DOX), and metronidazole (MET)) with serial concentrations have been used and microdilution broth method has been done for single and combination therapy, then fungal growth was assessed spectrophotometrically, and the combinations were evaluated by bliss independent analysis. Results. According to bliss independent interaction, the synergistic interactions depended on ΔE values that showed the best for CIP was with AMB (ΔE=55.14) followed with KET (ΔE=41.23) and lastly ITR (ΔE=39.67) at CIP = 150 mg/L. DOX was optimal with KET (ΔE=42.11) followed with AMB (ΔE=40.77) and the lowest with ITR (ΔE=9.12) at DOX = 75 mg/L. MET is the best with AMB (ΔE=40.95) and then with ITR (ΔE=35.45) and finally KET (ΔE=15.15) at MET 200 mg/L. Moreover, usage of higher concentrations of antibacterial agents revealed inhibitory effects. Conclusion. This study uncovers the optimum antibiotic combination therapy against cariogenic candida with FOA by usage of low therapeutic concentrations.</abstract><cop>Cairo, Egypt</cop><pub>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</pub><pmid>28685145</pmid><doi>10.1155/2017/1802875</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3691-0949</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage Antibiotics Antifungal agents Antifungal Agents - administration & dosage Antimicrobial agents Candidiasis Candidiasis, Oral - drug therapy Candidiasis, Oral - etiology Candidiasis, Oral - microbiology Complications and side effects Dental Caries - drug therapy Dental Caries - etiology Dental Caries - microbiology Dentistry Denture, Partial, Fixed - adverse effects Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA Dosage and administration Drug resistance Drug therapy Drug Therapy, Combination Female Humans Laboratories Male Methods Microorganisms Orthodontic appliances Orthodontics Patient outcomes Pharmacy Protein synthesis Proteins Studies |
| title | Oral Candida in Patients with Fixed Orthodontic Appliance: In Vitro Combination Therapy |
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