Quantification of glutathione in the human brain by MR spectroscopy at 3 Tesla: Comparison of PRESS and MEGA‐PRESS
Purpose Glutathione (GSH) is an important intracellular antioxidant in the brain. A number of studies report its measurement by localized 1H spectroscopy using PRESS and STEAM. This study evaluates the reliability and accuracy of GSH measurements from PRESS at 3 Tesla (T) and compares the results to...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Magnetic resonance in medicine 2017-10, Vol.78 (4), p.1257-1266 |
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| creator | Sanaei Nezhad, Faezeh Anton, Adriana Parkes, Laura M. Deakin, Bill Williams, Stephen R. |
| description | Purpose
Glutathione (GSH) is an important intracellular antioxidant in the brain. A number of studies report its measurement by localized 1H spectroscopy using PRESS and STEAM. This study evaluates the reliability and accuracy of GSH measurements from PRESS at 3 Tesla (T) and compares the results to those obtained with MEGA‐PRESS.
Methods
Phantoms containing brain metabolites, identical except for variable GSH concentration between 0 and 24 mM, were scanned using PRESS (echo time (TE) = 35 ms) and MEGA‐PRESS (optimized TE = 130 ms) at 3 T. Spectra of the anterior cingulate cortex and occipital cortex in seven healthy volunteers were also acquired.
Results
Phantom GSH concentrations from 0 to 3mM were unreliably quantified using PRESS, although at 4 mM and above there was a linear relationship between measured and true concentrations (R2 = 0.99). Using MEGA‐PRESS, there was no signal detected at 0 mM GSH, plus a linear relationship (R2 = 0.99) over the full range from 0–24 mM. In brain, concentrations calculated from MEGA‐PRESS and PRESS were significantly different in occipital cortex (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/mrm.26532 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5469715</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1834997220</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-j4352-43059e577d4927712302684e2379dfab5e6a7de2ccf1d6cd06d532e42cd418353</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpdUctuEzEUtRCIpoUFP4AssWEzrZ_jGRZIVRQKUiMgLWvLsT2Noxl7antA2fUT-Ea-BDcpFbC69_oenXt8DgCvMDrFCJGzIQ6npOaUPAEzzAmpCG_ZUzBDgqGK4pYdgeOUtgihthXsOTgiQrQCo2YG8tdJ-ew6p1V2wcPQwZt-yipvymSh8zBvLNxMg_JwHVWZ1zu4XME0Wp1jSDqMO6gypPDapl69g_MwjCq6dOD6slpcXUHlDVwuLs5_3f3cP7wAzzrVJ_vyoZ6Abx8W1_OP1eXni0_z88tqyygnFaOIt5YLYVhbFGNCEakbZgkVrenUmttaCWOJ1h02tTaoNsUDy4g2DDeU0xPw_sA7TuvBGm19jqqXY3SDijsZlJP_brzbyJvwXXJWF3_uCd4-EMRwO9mU5eCStn2vvA1TkuUKK5YSggr0zX_QbZiiL9-TJQDEmhqhpqBe_63oUcqfQArg7AD44Xq7e9xjJO-TliVpuU9aLlfLfUN_AxT2mtY</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1940486008</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Quantification of glutathione in the human brain by MR spectroscopy at 3 Tesla: Comparison of PRESS and MEGA‐PRESS</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete</source><source>Wiley Online Library Free Content</source><creator>Sanaei Nezhad, Faezeh ; Anton, Adriana ; Parkes, Laura M. ; Deakin, Bill ; Williams, Stephen R.</creator><creatorcontrib>Sanaei Nezhad, Faezeh ; Anton, Adriana ; Parkes, Laura M. ; Deakin, Bill ; Williams, Stephen R.</creatorcontrib><description>Purpose
Glutathione (GSH) is an important intracellular antioxidant in the brain. A number of studies report its measurement by localized 1H spectroscopy using PRESS and STEAM. This study evaluates the reliability and accuracy of GSH measurements from PRESS at 3 Tesla (T) and compares the results to those obtained with MEGA‐PRESS.
Methods
Phantoms containing brain metabolites, identical except for variable GSH concentration between 0 and 24 mM, were scanned using PRESS (echo time (TE) = 35 ms) and MEGA‐PRESS (optimized TE = 130 ms) at 3 T. Spectra of the anterior cingulate cortex and occipital cortex in seven healthy volunteers were also acquired.
Results
Phantom GSH concentrations from 0 to 3mM were unreliably quantified using PRESS, although at 4 mM and above there was a linear relationship between measured and true concentrations (R2 = 0.99). Using MEGA‐PRESS, there was no signal detected at 0 mM GSH, plus a linear relationship (R2 = 0.99) over the full range from 0–24 mM. In brain, concentrations calculated from MEGA‐PRESS and PRESS were significantly different in occipital cortex (P < 0.001). Moreover, only MEGA‐PRESS reported significant differences in GSH between the two brain regions (P = 0.003).
Conclusion
Due to uncertainties in GSH quantification raised by the study, the authors conclude that physiological concentrations (<4 mM) of GSH cannot be reliably quantified from PRESS (TE = 35 ms) spectra at 3 T. Magn Reson Med 78:1257–1266, 2017. © 2016 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0740-3194</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1522-2594</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26532</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27797108</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Antioxidants ; Brain ; Brain - diagnostic imaging ; Brain - metabolism ; Brain Chemistry - physiology ; Cortex (cingulate) ; Female ; Full Papers—Spectroscopic Methodology ; Glutathione ; Glutathione - analysis ; Glutathione - metabolism ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Magnetic resonance ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods ; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; Male ; Medicine ; MEGA‐PRESS ; Metabolites ; Occipital lobe ; Phantoms, Imaging ; PRESS ; quantification ; Reliability analysis ; Resonance ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Spectroscopy ; Spectrum analysis ; Steam ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Magnetic resonance in medicine, 2017-10, Vol.78 (4), p.1257-1266</ispartof><rights>2016 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine</rights><rights>2016 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.</rights><rights>2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fmrm.26532$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fmrm.26532$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,1411,1427,27901,27902,45550,45551,46384,46808</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27797108$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sanaei Nezhad, Faezeh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anton, Adriana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parkes, Laura M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deakin, Bill</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, Stephen R.</creatorcontrib><title>Quantification of glutathione in the human brain by MR spectroscopy at 3 Tesla: Comparison of PRESS and MEGA‐PRESS</title><title>Magnetic resonance in medicine</title><addtitle>Magn Reson Med</addtitle><description>Purpose
Glutathione (GSH) is an important intracellular antioxidant in the brain. A number of studies report its measurement by localized 1H spectroscopy using PRESS and STEAM. This study evaluates the reliability and accuracy of GSH measurements from PRESS at 3 Tesla (T) and compares the results to those obtained with MEGA‐PRESS.
Methods
Phantoms containing brain metabolites, identical except for variable GSH concentration between 0 and 24 mM, were scanned using PRESS (echo time (TE) = 35 ms) and MEGA‐PRESS (optimized TE = 130 ms) at 3 T. Spectra of the anterior cingulate cortex and occipital cortex in seven healthy volunteers were also acquired.
Results
Phantom GSH concentrations from 0 to 3mM were unreliably quantified using PRESS, although at 4 mM and above there was a linear relationship between measured and true concentrations (R2 = 0.99). Using MEGA‐PRESS, there was no signal detected at 0 mM GSH, plus a linear relationship (R2 = 0.99) over the full range from 0–24 mM. In brain, concentrations calculated from MEGA‐PRESS and PRESS were significantly different in occipital cortex (P < 0.001). Moreover, only MEGA‐PRESS reported significant differences in GSH between the two brain regions (P = 0.003).
Conclusion
Due to uncertainties in GSH quantification raised by the study, the authors conclude that physiological concentrations (<4 mM) of GSH cannot be reliably quantified from PRESS (TE = 35 ms) spectra at 3 T. Magn Reson Med 78:1257–1266, 2017. © 2016 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Antioxidants</subject><subject>Brain</subject><subject>Brain - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Brain - metabolism</subject><subject>Brain Chemistry - physiology</subject><subject>Cortex (cingulate)</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Full Papers—Spectroscopic Methodology</subject><subject>Glutathione</subject><subject>Glutathione - analysis</subject><subject>Glutathione - metabolism</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Image Processing, Computer-Assisted</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance spectroscopy</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>MEGA‐PRESS</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Occipital lobe</subject><subject>Phantoms, Imaging</subject><subject>PRESS</subject><subject>quantification</subject><subject>Reliability analysis</subject><subject>Resonance</subject><subject>Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted</subject><subject>Spectroscopy</subject><subject>Spectrum analysis</subject><subject>Steam</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0740-3194</issn><issn>1522-2594</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpdUctuEzEUtRCIpoUFP4AssWEzrZ_jGRZIVRQKUiMgLWvLsT2Noxl7antA2fUT-Ea-BDcpFbC69_oenXt8DgCvMDrFCJGzIQ6npOaUPAEzzAmpCG_ZUzBDgqGK4pYdgeOUtgihthXsOTgiQrQCo2YG8tdJ-ew6p1V2wcPQwZt-yipvymSh8zBvLNxMg_JwHVWZ1zu4XME0Wp1jSDqMO6gypPDapl69g_MwjCq6dOD6slpcXUHlDVwuLs5_3f3cP7wAzzrVJ_vyoZ6Abx8W1_OP1eXni0_z88tqyygnFaOIt5YLYVhbFGNCEakbZgkVrenUmttaCWOJ1h02tTaoNsUDy4g2DDeU0xPw_sA7TuvBGm19jqqXY3SDijsZlJP_brzbyJvwXXJWF3_uCd4-EMRwO9mU5eCStn2vvA1TkuUKK5YSggr0zX_QbZiiL9-TJQDEmhqhpqBe_63oUcqfQArg7AD44Xq7e9xjJO-TliVpuU9aLlfLfUN_AxT2mtY</recordid><startdate>201710</startdate><enddate>201710</enddate><creator>Sanaei Nezhad, Faezeh</creator><creator>Anton, Adriana</creator><creator>Parkes, Laura M.</creator><creator>Deakin, Bill</creator><creator>Williams, Stephen R.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><general>John Wiley and Sons Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7Z</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201710</creationdate><title>Quantification of glutathione in the human brain by MR spectroscopy at 3 Tesla: Comparison of PRESS and MEGA‐PRESS</title><author>Sanaei Nezhad, Faezeh ; Anton, Adriana ; Parkes, Laura M. ; Deakin, Bill ; Williams, Stephen R.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-j4352-43059e577d4927712302684e2379dfab5e6a7de2ccf1d6cd06d532e42cd418353</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Antioxidants</topic><topic>Brain</topic><topic>Brain - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Brain - metabolism</topic><topic>Brain Chemistry - physiology</topic><topic>Cortex (cingulate)</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Full Papers—Spectroscopic Methodology</topic><topic>Glutathione</topic><topic>Glutathione - analysis</topic><topic>Glutathione - metabolism</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Image Processing, Computer-Assisted</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance spectroscopy</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>MEGA‐PRESS</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>Occipital lobe</topic><topic>Phantoms, Imaging</topic><topic>PRESS</topic><topic>quantification</topic><topic>Reliability analysis</topic><topic>Resonance</topic><topic>Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted</topic><topic>Spectroscopy</topic><topic>Spectrum analysis</topic><topic>Steam</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sanaei Nezhad, Faezeh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anton, Adriana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parkes, Laura M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deakin, Bill</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, Stephen R.</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley Online Library Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biochemistry Abstracts 1</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Magnetic resonance in medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sanaei Nezhad, Faezeh</au><au>Anton, Adriana</au><au>Parkes, Laura M.</au><au>Deakin, Bill</au><au>Williams, Stephen R.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Quantification of glutathione in the human brain by MR spectroscopy at 3 Tesla: Comparison of PRESS and MEGA‐PRESS</atitle><jtitle>Magnetic resonance in medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Magn Reson Med</addtitle><date>2017-10</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>78</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1257</spage><epage>1266</epage><pages>1257-1266</pages><issn>0740-3194</issn><eissn>1522-2594</eissn><abstract>Purpose
Glutathione (GSH) is an important intracellular antioxidant in the brain. A number of studies report its measurement by localized 1H spectroscopy using PRESS and STEAM. This study evaluates the reliability and accuracy of GSH measurements from PRESS at 3 Tesla (T) and compares the results to those obtained with MEGA‐PRESS.
Methods
Phantoms containing brain metabolites, identical except for variable GSH concentration between 0 and 24 mM, were scanned using PRESS (echo time (TE) = 35 ms) and MEGA‐PRESS (optimized TE = 130 ms) at 3 T. Spectra of the anterior cingulate cortex and occipital cortex in seven healthy volunteers were also acquired.
Results
Phantom GSH concentrations from 0 to 3mM were unreliably quantified using PRESS, although at 4 mM and above there was a linear relationship between measured and true concentrations (R2 = 0.99). Using MEGA‐PRESS, there was no signal detected at 0 mM GSH, plus a linear relationship (R2 = 0.99) over the full range from 0–24 mM. In brain, concentrations calculated from MEGA‐PRESS and PRESS were significantly different in occipital cortex (P < 0.001). Moreover, only MEGA‐PRESS reported significant differences in GSH between the two brain regions (P = 0.003).
Conclusion
Due to uncertainties in GSH quantification raised by the study, the authors conclude that physiological concentrations (<4 mM) of GSH cannot be reliably quantified from PRESS (TE = 35 ms) spectra at 3 T. Magn Reson Med 78:1257–1266, 2017. © 2016 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>27797108</pmid><doi>10.1002/mrm.26532</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Antioxidants Brain Brain - diagnostic imaging Brain - metabolism Brain Chemistry - physiology Cortex (cingulate) Female Full Papers—Spectroscopic Methodology Glutathione Glutathione - analysis Glutathione - metabolism Humans Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Magnetic resonance Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Male Medicine MEGA‐PRESS Metabolites Occipital lobe Phantoms, Imaging PRESS quantification Reliability analysis Resonance Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted Spectroscopy Spectrum analysis Steam Young Adult |
| title | Quantification of glutathione in the human brain by MR spectroscopy at 3 Tesla: Comparison of PRESS and MEGA‐PRESS |
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