Cellular Microbiaxial Stretching to Measure a Single-Cell Strain Energy Density Function

The stress in a cell due to extracellular mechanical stimulus is determined by its mechanical properties, and the structural organization of many adherent cells suggests that their properties are anisotropic. This anisotropy may significantly influence the cells' mechanotransductive response to...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of biomechanical engineering 2017-07, Vol.139 (7), p.0710061-07100610
Hauptverfasser: Win, Zaw, Buksa, Justin M, Steucke, Kerianne E, Gant Luxton, G. W, Barocas, Victor H, Alford, Patrick W
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container_end_page 07100610
container_issue 7
container_start_page 0710061
container_title Journal of biomechanical engineering
container_volume 139
creator Win, Zaw
Buksa, Justin M
Steucke, Kerianne E
Gant Luxton, G. W
Barocas, Victor H
Alford, Patrick W
description The stress in a cell due to extracellular mechanical stimulus is determined by its mechanical properties, and the structural organization of many adherent cells suggests that their properties are anisotropic. This anisotropy may significantly influence the cells' mechanotransductive response to complex loads, and has important implications for development of accurate models of tissue biomechanics. Standard methods for measuring cellular mechanics report linear moduli that cannot capture large-deformation anisotropic properties, which in a continuum mechanics framework are best described by a strain energy density function (SED). In tissues, the SED is most robustly measured using biaxial testing. Here, we describe a cellular microbiaxial stretching (CμBS) method that modifies this tissue-scale approach to measure the anisotropic elastic behavior of individual vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) with nativelike cytoarchitecture. Using CμBS, we reveal that VSMCs are highly anisotropic under large deformations. We then characterize a Holzapfel–Gasser–Ogden type SED for individual VSMCs and find that architecture-dependent properties of the cells can be robustly described using a formulation solely based on the organization of their actin cytoskeleton. These results suggest that cellular anisotropy should be considered when developing biomechanical models, and could play an important role in cellular mechano-adaptation.
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subjects Actin Cytoskeleton - metabolism
Anisotropy
Biomechanical Phenomena
Humans
Mechanotransduction, Cellular
Muscle, Smooth, Vascular - cytology
Research Papers
Single-Cell Analysis
Stress, Mechanical
Thermodynamics
title Cellular Microbiaxial Stretching to Measure a Single-Cell Strain Energy Density Function
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