Effect of Amplatz Sheath on Cystolithotripsy for Women with Large Bladder Stone

Objective. This study compared the effect of endourological procedures with or without the Amplatz sheath (AS) on cystolithotripsy. Methods. We retrospectively analysed 18 patients who underwent treatment for bladder stone over 30 mm. This study consisted of two groups, namely, patients who underwen...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:BioMed research international 2017-01, Vol.2017 (2017), p.1-4
Hauptverfasser: Matsuzaki, Junichi, Kobayashi, Kazuki, Ito, Hiroki, Kuroda, Shinnosuke, Kawahara, Takashi, Tabei, Tadashi, Uemura, Hiroji
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 4
container_issue 2017
container_start_page 1
container_title BioMed research international
container_volume 2017
creator Matsuzaki, Junichi
Kobayashi, Kazuki
Ito, Hiroki
Kuroda, Shinnosuke
Kawahara, Takashi
Tabei, Tadashi
Uemura, Hiroji
description Objective. This study compared the effect of endourological procedures with or without the Amplatz sheath (AS) on cystolithotripsy. Methods. We retrospectively analysed 18 patients who underwent treatment for bladder stone over 30 mm. This study consisted of two groups, namely, patients who underwent cystolithotripsy with an AS (AS group) and those who underwent standard procedure without an AS (SP group). The stone-free rate, total energy used for operation, operation time, days of admission after operation, and complication of both groups were compared. Results. The number of patients in the AS and SP groups was 10 and 8, respectively. Significant differences were not found between these two groups with regard to age, stone burden, stone volume, number of stones, and history of neurogenic bladder. All patients in both groups achieved a stone-free state. Total energy was significantly increased and operation time was shorter in the AS group. No significant difference was observed in terms of days of admission after operation. Any complications were not increased by the use of AS. Struvite was the most common stone component in both groups. Conclusion. Use of an AS can shorten the operation time of cystolithotripsy without increasing perioperative complication.
doi_str_mv 10.1155/2017/9341042
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>gale_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5463161</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A557303109</galeid><sourcerecordid>A557303109</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c499t-bf456f3e79b1385723b1ac555505d21ff0b343ef928dcacc9149d1fd500fc87e3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqN0c-LEzEUB_AgirvUvXmWgBdB6-bl10wuQi27q1DYwyoeQyaTdGaZmdQkdal_vSmtXfVkLgnJhy957yH0Esh7ACEuKYHqUjEOhNMn6Jwy4HMJHJ6ezoydoYuU7klZNUii5HN0RmtJZSXrc3R75b2zGQePF-NmMPknvuucyR0OE17uUg5Dn7uQY79JO-xDxN_C6Cb8UG7xysS1wx8H07Yu4rscJvcCPfNmSO7iuM_Q1-urL8tP89XtzeflYjW3XKk8bzwX0jNXqQZYLSrKGjBWlEVES8F70jDOnFe0bq2xVgFXLfhWEOJtXTk2Qx8OuZttM7rWuilHM-hN7EcTdzqYXv_9MvWdXocfWnDJoLRlht4cA2L4vnUp67FP1g2DmVzYJg0KgBKqhCz09T_0PmzjVMorikgiasnZo1qbwel-8qVpxu5D9UKIihEGRBX17qBsDClF509fBqL3I9X7kerjSAt_9WeZJ_x7gAW8PYCun1rz0P9nnCvGefOogSleAfsFtgqwyA</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1906058643</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Effect of Amplatz Sheath on Cystolithotripsy for Women with Large Bladder Stone</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><source>Wiley Online Library Open Access</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Matsuzaki, Junichi ; Kobayashi, Kazuki ; Ito, Hiroki ; Kuroda, Shinnosuke ; Kawahara, Takashi ; Tabei, Tadashi ; Uemura, Hiroji</creator><contributor>Horie, Shigeo</contributor><creatorcontrib>Matsuzaki, Junichi ; Kobayashi, Kazuki ; Ito, Hiroki ; Kuroda, Shinnosuke ; Kawahara, Takashi ; Tabei, Tadashi ; Uemura, Hiroji ; Horie, Shigeo</creatorcontrib><description>Objective. This study compared the effect of endourological procedures with or without the Amplatz sheath (AS) on cystolithotripsy. Methods. We retrospectively analysed 18 patients who underwent treatment for bladder stone over 30 mm. This study consisted of two groups, namely, patients who underwent cystolithotripsy with an AS (AS group) and those who underwent standard procedure without an AS (SP group). The stone-free rate, total energy used for operation, operation time, days of admission after operation, and complication of both groups were compared. Results. The number of patients in the AS and SP groups was 10 and 8, respectively. Significant differences were not found between these two groups with regard to age, stone burden, stone volume, number of stones, and history of neurogenic bladder. All patients in both groups achieved a stone-free state. Total energy was significantly increased and operation time was shorter in the AS group. No significant difference was observed in terms of days of admission after operation. Any complications were not increased by the use of AS. Struvite was the most common stone component in both groups. Conclusion. Use of an AS can shorten the operation time of cystolithotripsy without increasing perioperative complication.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2314-6133</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2314-6141</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1155/2017/9341042</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28626768</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cairo, Egypt: Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher><subject>Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bladder ; Calculi ; Female ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Lithotripsy ; Lithotripsy - instrumentation ; Lithotripsy - mortality ; Middle Aged ; Patients ; Surgery ; Urinary Bladder Calculi - pathology ; Urinary Bladder Calculi - surgery ; Urinary tract diseases ; Urinary tract infections ; Urogenital system ; Urology</subject><ispartof>BioMed research international, 2017-01, Vol.2017 (2017), p.1-4</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2017 Tadashi Tabei et al.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2017 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2017 Tadashi Tabei et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2017 Tadashi Tabei et al. 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c499t-bf456f3e79b1385723b1ac555505d21ff0b343ef928dcacc9149d1fd500fc87e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c499t-bf456f3e79b1385723b1ac555505d21ff0b343ef928dcacc9149d1fd500fc87e3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3775-2671 ; 0000-0003-3950-1358 ; 0000-0003-1416-4877 ; 0000-0002-7049-3379</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5463161/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5463161/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,882,27905,27906,53772,53774</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28626768$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Horie, Shigeo</contributor><creatorcontrib>Matsuzaki, Junichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kobayashi, Kazuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ito, Hiroki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuroda, Shinnosuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawahara, Takashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tabei, Tadashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uemura, Hiroji</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of Amplatz Sheath on Cystolithotripsy for Women with Large Bladder Stone</title><title>BioMed research international</title><addtitle>Biomed Res Int</addtitle><description>Objective. This study compared the effect of endourological procedures with or without the Amplatz sheath (AS) on cystolithotripsy. Methods. We retrospectively analysed 18 patients who underwent treatment for bladder stone over 30 mm. This study consisted of two groups, namely, patients who underwent cystolithotripsy with an AS (AS group) and those who underwent standard procedure without an AS (SP group). The stone-free rate, total energy used for operation, operation time, days of admission after operation, and complication of both groups were compared. Results. The number of patients in the AS and SP groups was 10 and 8, respectively. Significant differences were not found between these two groups with regard to age, stone burden, stone volume, number of stones, and history of neurogenic bladder. All patients in both groups achieved a stone-free state. Total energy was significantly increased and operation time was shorter in the AS group. No significant difference was observed in terms of days of admission after operation. Any complications were not increased by the use of AS. Struvite was the most common stone component in both groups. Conclusion. Use of an AS can shorten the operation time of cystolithotripsy without increasing perioperative complication.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Bladder</subject><subject>Calculi</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Lithotripsy</subject><subject>Lithotripsy - instrumentation</subject><subject>Lithotripsy - mortality</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>Urinary Bladder Calculi - pathology</subject><subject>Urinary Bladder Calculi - surgery</subject><subject>Urinary tract diseases</subject><subject>Urinary tract infections</subject><subject>Urogenital system</subject><subject>Urology</subject><issn>2314-6133</issn><issn>2314-6141</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RHX</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0c-LEzEUB_AgirvUvXmWgBdB6-bl10wuQi27q1DYwyoeQyaTdGaZmdQkdal_vSmtXfVkLgnJhy957yH0Esh7ACEuKYHqUjEOhNMn6Jwy4HMJHJ6ezoydoYuU7klZNUii5HN0RmtJZSXrc3R75b2zGQePF-NmMPknvuucyR0OE17uUg5Dn7uQY79JO-xDxN_C6Cb8UG7xysS1wx8H07Yu4rscJvcCPfNmSO7iuM_Q1-urL8tP89XtzeflYjW3XKk8bzwX0jNXqQZYLSrKGjBWlEVES8F70jDOnFe0bq2xVgFXLfhWEOJtXTk2Qx8OuZttM7rWuilHM-hN7EcTdzqYXv_9MvWdXocfWnDJoLRlht4cA2L4vnUp67FP1g2DmVzYJg0KgBKqhCz09T_0PmzjVMorikgiasnZo1qbwel-8qVpxu5D9UKIihEGRBX17qBsDClF509fBqL3I9X7kerjSAt_9WeZJ_x7gAW8PYCun1rz0P9nnCvGefOogSleAfsFtgqwyA</recordid><startdate>20170101</startdate><enddate>20170101</enddate><creator>Matsuzaki, Junichi</creator><creator>Kobayashi, Kazuki</creator><creator>Ito, Hiroki</creator><creator>Kuroda, Shinnosuke</creator><creator>Kawahara, Takashi</creator><creator>Tabei, Tadashi</creator><creator>Uemura, Hiroji</creator><general>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</general><general>Hindawi</general><general>John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc</general><general>Hindawi Limited</general><scope>ADJCN</scope><scope>AHFXO</scope><scope>RHU</scope><scope>RHW</scope><scope>RHX</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CWDGH</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3775-2671</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3950-1358</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1416-4877</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7049-3379</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20170101</creationdate><title>Effect of Amplatz Sheath on Cystolithotripsy for Women with Large Bladder Stone</title><author>Matsuzaki, Junichi ; Kobayashi, Kazuki ; Ito, Hiroki ; Kuroda, Shinnosuke ; Kawahara, Takashi ; Tabei, Tadashi ; Uemura, Hiroji</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c499t-bf456f3e79b1385723b1ac555505d21ff0b343ef928dcacc9149d1fd500fc87e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Bladder</topic><topic>Calculi</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Lithotripsy</topic><topic>Lithotripsy - instrumentation</topic><topic>Lithotripsy - mortality</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><topic>Urinary Bladder Calculi - pathology</topic><topic>Urinary Bladder Calculi - surgery</topic><topic>Urinary tract diseases</topic><topic>Urinary tract infections</topic><topic>Urogenital system</topic><topic>Urology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Matsuzaki, Junichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kobayashi, Kazuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ito, Hiroki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuroda, Shinnosuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawahara, Takashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tabei, Tadashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uemura, Hiroji</creatorcontrib><collection>الدوريات العلمية والإحصائية - e-Marefa Academic and Statistical Periodicals</collection><collection>معرفة - المحتوى العربي الأكاديمي المتكامل - e-Marefa Academic Complete</collection><collection>Hindawi Publishing Complete</collection><collection>Hindawi Publishing Subscription Journals</collection><collection>Hindawi Publishing Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies &amp; Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Middle East &amp; Africa Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies &amp; Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies &amp; Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>BioMed research international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Matsuzaki, Junichi</au><au>Kobayashi, Kazuki</au><au>Ito, Hiroki</au><au>Kuroda, Shinnosuke</au><au>Kawahara, Takashi</au><au>Tabei, Tadashi</au><au>Uemura, Hiroji</au><au>Horie, Shigeo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of Amplatz Sheath on Cystolithotripsy for Women with Large Bladder Stone</atitle><jtitle>BioMed research international</jtitle><addtitle>Biomed Res Int</addtitle><date>2017-01-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>2017</volume><issue>2017</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>4</epage><pages>1-4</pages><issn>2314-6133</issn><eissn>2314-6141</eissn><abstract>Objective. This study compared the effect of endourological procedures with or without the Amplatz sheath (AS) on cystolithotripsy. Methods. We retrospectively analysed 18 patients who underwent treatment for bladder stone over 30 mm. This study consisted of two groups, namely, patients who underwent cystolithotripsy with an AS (AS group) and those who underwent standard procedure without an AS (SP group). The stone-free rate, total energy used for operation, operation time, days of admission after operation, and complication of both groups were compared. Results. The number of patients in the AS and SP groups was 10 and 8, respectively. Significant differences were not found between these two groups with regard to age, stone burden, stone volume, number of stones, and history of neurogenic bladder. All patients in both groups achieved a stone-free state. Total energy was significantly increased and operation time was shorter in the AS group. No significant difference was observed in terms of days of admission after operation. Any complications were not increased by the use of AS. Struvite was the most common stone component in both groups. Conclusion. Use of an AS can shorten the operation time of cystolithotripsy without increasing perioperative complication.</abstract><cop>Cairo, Egypt</cop><pub>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</pub><pmid>28626768</pmid><doi>10.1155/2017/9341042</doi><tpages>4</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3775-2671</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3950-1358</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1416-4877</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7049-3379</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 2314-6133
ispartof BioMed research international, 2017-01, Vol.2017 (2017), p.1-4
issn 2314-6133
2314-6141
language eng
recordid cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5463161
source MEDLINE; PubMed Central Open Access; Wiley Online Library Open Access; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Bladder
Calculi
Female
Hospitals
Humans
Lithotripsy
Lithotripsy - instrumentation
Lithotripsy - mortality
Middle Aged
Patients
Surgery
Urinary Bladder Calculi - pathology
Urinary Bladder Calculi - surgery
Urinary tract diseases
Urinary tract infections
Urogenital system
Urology
title Effect of Amplatz Sheath on Cystolithotripsy for Women with Large Bladder Stone
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-18T05%3A37%3A33IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Effect%20of%20Amplatz%20Sheath%20on%20Cystolithotripsy%20for%20Women%20with%20Large%20Bladder%20Stone&rft.jtitle=BioMed%20research%20international&rft.au=Matsuzaki,%20Junichi&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.volume=2017&rft.issue=2017&rft.spage=1&rft.epage=4&rft.pages=1-4&rft.issn=2314-6133&rft.eissn=2314-6141&rft_id=info:doi/10.1155/2017/9341042&rft_dat=%3Cgale_pubme%3EA557303109%3C/gale_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1906058643&rft_id=info:pmid/28626768&rft_galeid=A557303109&rfr_iscdi=true