Natalizumab in Multiple Sclerosis: Long-Term Management

Natalizumab is a monoclonal antibody highly effective in the treatment of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients. Despite its effectiveness, there are growing concerns regarding the risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a brain infection caused by John Cunningham...

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Veröffentlicht in:International journal of molecular sciences 2017-04, Vol.18 (5), p.940
Hauptverfasser: Clerico, Marinella, Artusi, Carlo Alberto, Liberto, Alessandra Di, Rolla, Simona, Bardina, Valentina, Barbero, Pierangelo, Mercanti, Stefania Federica De, Durelli, Luca
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container_issue 5
container_start_page 940
container_title International journal of molecular sciences
container_volume 18
creator Clerico, Marinella
Artusi, Carlo Alberto
Liberto, Alessandra Di
Rolla, Simona
Bardina, Valentina
Barbero, Pierangelo
Mercanti, Stefania Federica De
Durelli, Luca
description Natalizumab is a monoclonal antibody highly effective in the treatment of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients. Despite its effectiveness, there are growing concerns regarding the risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a brain infection caused by John Cunningham virus (JCV), particularly after 24 doses and in patients who previously received immunosuppressive drugs. Long-term natalizumab treated, immunosuppressive-pretreated, and JCV antibody-positive patients are asked to rediscuss natalizumab continuation or withdrawal after 24 doses. Until now, there has not been a clear strategy that should be followed to avoid PML risk and in parallel reduce clinical and radiological rebound activity. In this review, we analyzed the results of clinical trials and case reports in relation to the following situations: natalizumab continuation, natalizumab discontinuation followed by full therapeutic suspension or switch to other first or second line MS treatments. Quitting all MS treatment after natalizumab increases MS activity occurrence. The results regarding the therapeutic switch are not homogeneous, so at the moment there are no established guidelines regarding natalizumab treatment after 24 administrations; the choice is currently based on the professional experience of the neurologist, and on patients' clinical features and preferences.
doi_str_mv 10.3390/ijms18050940
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source MEDLINE; MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central
subjects Adrenal Cortex Hormones - therapeutic use
Animals
Antibodies, Monoclonal - administration & dosage
Antibodies, Monoclonal - adverse effects
Antibodies, Monoclonal - therapeutic use
Case reports
Clinical trials
Drugs
Encephalitis
Humans
Immunologic Factors - administration & dosage
Immunologic Factors - adverse effects
Immunologic Factors - therapeutic use
Immunosuppressive agents
Immunotherapy
JC Virus - isolation & purification
Leukoencephalopathy
Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal - diagnosis
Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal - etiology
Medical research
Monoclonal antibodies
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis - drug therapy
Natalizumab - administration & dosage
Natalizumab - adverse effects
Natalizumab - therapeutic use
Patients
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
Review
Risk
Viral infections
title Natalizumab in Multiple Sclerosis: Long-Term Management
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