Patients' Delay in Seeking Health Care for Tuberculosis Diagnosis in East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia
AbstractPatients' delay in seeking diagnosis is a major problem in the management of tuberculosis (TB). Relative to the burden of TB, there is lack of data on the magnitude of delays in seeking care and why patients fail to seek early care at health facilities in Ethiopia. A facility-based cros...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2017-05, Vol.96 (5), p.1071-1075 |
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| creator | Asres, Mihret Gedefaw, Molla Kahsay, Amlsha Weldu, Yemane |
| description | AbstractPatients' delay in seeking diagnosis is a major problem in the management of tuberculosis (TB). Relative to the burden of TB, there is lack of data on the magnitude of delays in seeking care and why patients fail to seek early care at health facilities in Ethiopia. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to July 2013 in East Gojjam Zone, Amhara, Ethiopia, to assess patients' delays and associated factors in TB patients. Using simple random sampling, 605 (327 male and 278 female) participants were recruited. Of the total, 323 (53.4%) TB patients were delayed in seeking health care (median = 45 days; mean = 78.5 days). The following independent variables were associated with patient delays: age ≥ 45 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 8.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.71-16.23,
< 0.001); working as a farmer (AOR = 4.18, 95% CI = 1.44-12.11,
= 0.009); prior visit to holy water sites, traditional healers, and/or private drug shops (AOR = 69.11, 95% CI =13.91-343.29,
< 0.001; AOR = 14.74, 95% CI = 1.43-152.31,
= 0.024; AOR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.22-3.59,
= 0.007, respectively); poor knowledge about TB (AOR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.74-4.92,
= 0.006), and extrapulmonary TB (AOR = 14.69, 95% CI = 8.21-26.26,
< 0.001). Generally, patients' delay in seeking care at health facilities was high (53.4%). Most of TB patients getting treatment from holy water (95.3%; 101/106) and traditional healers (84.6%; 11/13) were delayed. Therefore, for early seeking in modern health care, a combination of interventions is required to encourage TB patients. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0892 |
| format | Article |
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< 0.001); working as a farmer (AOR = 4.18, 95% CI = 1.44-12.11,
= 0.009); prior visit to holy water sites, traditional healers, and/or private drug shops (AOR = 69.11, 95% CI =13.91-343.29,
< 0.001; AOR = 14.74, 95% CI = 1.43-152.31,
= 0.024; AOR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.22-3.59,
= 0.007, respectively); poor knowledge about TB (AOR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.74-4.92,
= 0.006), and extrapulmonary TB (AOR = 14.69, 95% CI = 8.21-26.26,
< 0.001). Generally, patients' delay in seeking care at health facilities was high (53.4%). Most of TB patients getting treatment from holy water (95.3%; 101/106) and traditional healers (84.6%; 11/13) were delayed. Therefore, for early seeking in modern health care, a combination of interventions is required to encourage TB patients.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9637</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-1645</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0892</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28500803</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Antitubercular Agents - therapeutic use ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Ethiopia - epidemiology ; Farmers - psychology ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, African Traditional - psychology ; Middle Aged ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis - drug effects ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis - isolation & purification ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care - psychology ; Rural Population ; Time-to-Treatment - statistics & numerical data ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - diagnosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - drug therapy ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - epidemiology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - microbiology ; Urban Population</subject><ispartof>The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2017-05, Vol.96 (5), p.1071-1075</ispartof><rights>The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c387t-afcacb0f83d2809e4124d2fa4911aff1274ef19020fe30b853faadfdecf28c0b3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5417197/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5417197/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28500803$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Asres, Mihret</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gedefaw, Molla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kahsay, Amlsha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weldu, Yemane</creatorcontrib><title>Patients' Delay in Seeking Health Care for Tuberculosis Diagnosis in East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia</title><title>The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene</title><addtitle>Am J Trop Med Hyg</addtitle><description>AbstractPatients' delay in seeking diagnosis is a major problem in the management of tuberculosis (TB). Relative to the burden of TB, there is lack of data on the magnitude of delays in seeking care and why patients fail to seek early care at health facilities in Ethiopia. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to July 2013 in East Gojjam Zone, Amhara, Ethiopia, to assess patients' delays and associated factors in TB patients. Using simple random sampling, 605 (327 male and 278 female) participants were recruited. Of the total, 323 (53.4%) TB patients were delayed in seeking health care (median = 45 days; mean = 78.5 days). The following independent variables were associated with patient delays: age ≥ 45 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 8.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.71-16.23,
< 0.001); working as a farmer (AOR = 4.18, 95% CI = 1.44-12.11,
= 0.009); prior visit to holy water sites, traditional healers, and/or private drug shops (AOR = 69.11, 95% CI =13.91-343.29,
< 0.001; AOR = 14.74, 95% CI = 1.43-152.31,
= 0.024; AOR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.22-3.59,
= 0.007, respectively); poor knowledge about TB (AOR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.74-4.92,
= 0.006), and extrapulmonary TB (AOR = 14.69, 95% CI = 8.21-26.26,
< 0.001). Generally, patients' delay in seeking care at health facilities was high (53.4%). Most of TB patients getting treatment from holy water (95.3%; 101/106) and traditional healers (84.6%; 11/13) were delayed. Therefore, for early seeking in modern health care, a combination of interventions is required to encourage TB patients.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Antitubercular Agents - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Delayed Diagnosis</subject><subject>Ethiopia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Farmers - psychology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine, African Traditional - psychology</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mycobacterium tuberculosis - drug effects</subject><subject>Mycobacterium tuberculosis - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Patient Acceptance of Health Care - psychology</subject><subject>Rural Population</subject><subject>Time-to-Treatment - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - diagnosis</subject><subject>Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - drug therapy</subject><subject>Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - epidemiology</subject><subject>Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - microbiology</subject><subject>Urban Population</subject><issn>0002-9637</issn><issn>1476-1645</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpVUU1v1DAQtRCILoUjV-QbHEgZ29nEviCh7dIiVYBEuXCxJs544yWJt3YC6r8n_aCC04xm3rx5T4-xlwJOSlmZd7ifhu5EVAVoIx-xlSjrqhBVuX7MVgAgC1Op-og9y3kPILQU4ik7knoNoEGtWPiKU6Bxyq_5KfV4zcPIvxH9DOOOnxP2U8c3mIj7mPjl3FBycx9zyPw04G687ZaLLeaJn8X9Hgf-I470ln-Oaep-0zLeTl2Ih4DP2ROPfaYX9_WYff-4vdycFxdfzj5tPlwUTul6KtA7dA14rVqpwVApZNlKj6URAr0Xsi7JCwMSPClo9Fp5xNa35LzUDhp1zN7f8R7mZqDWLeYS9vaQwoDp2kYM9v_NGDq7i7_suhS1MPVC8OaeIMWrebFgh5Ad9T2OFOdshTaLlloZuUCLO6hLMedE_uGNAHsTj72Nx4rK3sSz4F_9q-0B_TcP9QfkO47Q</recordid><startdate>20170503</startdate><enddate>20170503</enddate><creator>Asres, Mihret</creator><creator>Gedefaw, Molla</creator><creator>Kahsay, Amlsha</creator><creator>Weldu, Yemane</creator><general>The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20170503</creationdate><title>Patients' Delay in Seeking Health Care for Tuberculosis Diagnosis in East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia</title><author>Asres, Mihret ; Gedefaw, Molla ; Kahsay, Amlsha ; Weldu, Yemane</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c387t-afcacb0f83d2809e4124d2fa4911aff1274ef19020fe30b853faadfdecf28c0b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age Factors</topic><topic>Antitubercular Agents - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Delayed Diagnosis</topic><topic>Ethiopia - epidemiology</topic><topic>Farmers - psychology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine, African Traditional - psychology</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis - drug effects</topic><topic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Patient Acceptance of Health Care - psychology</topic><topic>Rural Population</topic><topic>Time-to-Treatment - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - diagnosis</topic><topic>Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - drug therapy</topic><topic>Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - epidemiology</topic><topic>Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - microbiology</topic><topic>Urban Population</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Asres, Mihret</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gedefaw, Molla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kahsay, Amlsha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weldu, Yemane</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Asres, Mihret</au><au>Gedefaw, Molla</au><au>Kahsay, Amlsha</au><au>Weldu, Yemane</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Patients' Delay in Seeking Health Care for Tuberculosis Diagnosis in East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia</atitle><jtitle>The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Trop Med Hyg</addtitle><date>2017-05-03</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>96</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1071</spage><epage>1075</epage><pages>1071-1075</pages><issn>0002-9637</issn><eissn>1476-1645</eissn><abstract>AbstractPatients' delay in seeking diagnosis is a major problem in the management of tuberculosis (TB). Relative to the burden of TB, there is lack of data on the magnitude of delays in seeking care and why patients fail to seek early care at health facilities in Ethiopia. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to July 2013 in East Gojjam Zone, Amhara, Ethiopia, to assess patients' delays and associated factors in TB patients. Using simple random sampling, 605 (327 male and 278 female) participants were recruited. Of the total, 323 (53.4%) TB patients were delayed in seeking health care (median = 45 days; mean = 78.5 days). The following independent variables were associated with patient delays: age ≥ 45 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 8.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.71-16.23,
< 0.001); working as a farmer (AOR = 4.18, 95% CI = 1.44-12.11,
= 0.009); prior visit to holy water sites, traditional healers, and/or private drug shops (AOR = 69.11, 95% CI =13.91-343.29,
< 0.001; AOR = 14.74, 95% CI = 1.43-152.31,
= 0.024; AOR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.22-3.59,
= 0.007, respectively); poor knowledge about TB (AOR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.74-4.92,
= 0.006), and extrapulmonary TB (AOR = 14.69, 95% CI = 8.21-26.26,
< 0.001). Generally, patients' delay in seeking care at health facilities was high (53.4%). Most of TB patients getting treatment from holy water (95.3%; 101/106) and traditional healers (84.6%; 11/13) were delayed. Therefore, for early seeking in modern health care, a combination of interventions is required to encourage TB patients.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</pub><pmid>28500803</pmid><doi>10.4269/ajtmh.16-0892</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Age Factors Antitubercular Agents - therapeutic use Cross-Sectional Studies Delayed Diagnosis Ethiopia - epidemiology Farmers - psychology Female Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice Humans Male Medicine, African Traditional - psychology Middle Aged Mycobacterium tuberculosis - drug effects Mycobacterium tuberculosis - isolation & purification Patient Acceptance of Health Care - psychology Rural Population Time-to-Treatment - statistics & numerical data Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - diagnosis Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - drug therapy Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - epidemiology Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - microbiology Urban Population |
| title | Patients' Delay in Seeking Health Care for Tuberculosis Diagnosis in East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia |
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