Complement factor H in host defense and immune evasion

Complement is the major humoral component of the innate immune system. It recognizes pathogen - and damage - associated molecular patterns , and initiates the immune response in coordination with innate and adaptive immunity. When activated, the complement system unleashes powerful cytotoxic and inf...

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Veröffentlicht in:Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 2017-05, Vol.74 (9), p.1605-1624
Hauptverfasser: Parente, Raffaella, Clark, Simon J., Inforzato, Antonio, Day, Anthony J.
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container_issue 9
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container_title Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS
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creator Parente, Raffaella
Clark, Simon J.
Inforzato, Antonio
Day, Anthony J.
description Complement is the major humoral component of the innate immune system. It recognizes pathogen - and damage - associated molecular patterns , and initiates the immune response in coordination with innate and adaptive immunity. When activated, the complement system unleashes powerful cytotoxic and inflammatory mechanisms, and thus its tight control is crucial to prevent damage to host tissues and allow restoration of immune homeostasis. Factor H is the major soluble inhibitor of complement, where its binding to self markers (i.e., particular glycan structures) prevents complement activation and amplification on host surfaces. Not surprisingly, mutations and polymorphisms that affect recognition of self by factor H are associated with diseases of complement dysregulation, such as age-related macular degeneration and atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome. In addition, pathogens (i.e., non - self ) and cancer cells (i.e., altered - self ) can hijack factor H to evade the immune response. Here we review recent (and not so recent) literature on the structure and function of factor H, including the emerging roles of this protein in the pathophysiology of infectious diseases and cancer.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s00018-016-2418-4
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subjects adaptive immunity
Animals
Biochemistry
Biomarkers
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cancer
Cell Biology
complement
Complement Factor H - chemistry
Complement Factor H - metabolism
cytotoxicity
Disease
homeostasis
Humans
Immune Evasion
Immune response
Immune system
Immunity, Innate
Infectious diseases
Inflammatory diseases
innate immunity
Life Sciences
Macular degeneration
mutation
neoplasm cells
neoplasms
Pathogens
pathophysiology
Polysaccharides - metabolism
Protein Binding
Review
title Complement factor H in host defense and immune evasion
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