Biosynthetic gene cluster of the herbicide phosphinothricin tripeptide from Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tu494
The antibiotic phosphinothricin tripeptide (PTT) consists of two molecules of L-alanine and one molecule of the unusual amino acid phosphinothricin (PT) which are nonribosomally combined. The bioactive compound PT has bactericidal, fungicidal, and herbicidal properties and possesses a C-P-C bond, wh...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Applied and Environmental Microbiology 2004-12, Vol.70 (12), p.7093-7102 |
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| creator | Schwartz, D Berger, S Heinzelmann, E Muschko, K Welzel, K Wohlleben, W |
| description | The antibiotic phosphinothricin tripeptide (PTT) consists of two molecules of L-alanine and one molecule of the unusual amino acid phosphinothricin (PT) which are nonribosomally combined. The bioactive compound PT has bactericidal, fungicidal, and herbicidal properties and possesses a C-P-C bond, which is very rare in natural compounds. Previously uncharacterized flanking and middle regions of the PTT biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tu494 were isolated and sequenced. The boundaries of the gene cluster were identified by gene inactivation studies. Sequence analysis and homology searches led to the completion of the gene cluster, which consists of 24 genes. Four of these were identified as undescribed genes coding for proteins that are probably involved in uncharacterized early steps of antibiotic biosynthesis or in providing precursors of PTT biosynthesis (phosphoenolpyruvate, acetyl-coenzyme A, or L-alanine). The involvement of the genes orfM and trs and of the regulatory gene prpA in PTT biosynthesis was analyzed by gene inactivation and overexpression, respectively. Insight into the regulation of PTT was gained by determining the transcriptional start sites of the pmi and prpA genes. A previously undescribed regulatory gene involved in morphological differentiation in streptomycetes was identified outside of the left boundary of the PTT biosynthetic gene cluster. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1128/AEM.70.12.7093-7102.2004 |
| format | Article |
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The bioactive compound PT has bactericidal, fungicidal, and herbicidal properties and possesses a C-P-C bond, which is very rare in natural compounds. Previously uncharacterized flanking and middle regions of the PTT biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tu494 were isolated and sequenced. The boundaries of the gene cluster were identified by gene inactivation studies. Sequence analysis and homology searches led to the completion of the gene cluster, which consists of 24 genes. Four of these were identified as undescribed genes coding for proteins that are probably involved in uncharacterized early steps of antibiotic biosynthesis or in providing precursors of PTT biosynthesis (phosphoenolpyruvate, acetyl-coenzyme A, or L-alanine). The involvement of the genes orfM and trs and of the regulatory gene prpA in PTT biosynthesis was analyzed by gene inactivation and overexpression, respectively. Insight into the regulation of PTT was gained by determining the transcriptional start sites of the pmi and prpA genes. A previously undescribed regulatory gene involved in morphological differentiation in streptomycetes was identified outside of the left boundary of the PTT biosynthetic gene cluster.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0099-2240</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1098-5336</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.12.7093-7102.2004</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15574905</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AEMIDF</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology</publisher><subject>Amino Acid Sequence ; amino acid sequences ; Antibiotics ; Bacterial Proteins - genetics ; Bacterial Proteins - metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biology of microorganisms of confirmed or potential industrial interest ; biosynthesis ; Biotechnology ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Gene Deletion ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Genes ; Genetics ; Genetics and Molecular Biology ; Herbicides ; Herbicides - metabolism ; membrane proteins ; Mission oriented research ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; nucleotide sequences ; orfM gene ; Organophosphorus Compounds - metabolism ; peptide antibiotics ; Peptides ; prpA gene ; regulator genes ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Streptomyces - genetics ; Streptomyces - metabolism ; Streptomyces viridochromogenes ; Transcription, Genetic ; transporters ; tripeptides ; trs gene ; Yeast</subject><ispartof>Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2004-12, Vol.70 (12), p.7093-7102</ispartof><rights>2005 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Society for Microbiology Dec 2004</rights><rights>Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology 2004</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC535184/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC535184/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,3176,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=16344568$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15574905$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Schwartz, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Berger, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heinzelmann, E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muschko, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Welzel, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wohlleben, W</creatorcontrib><title>Biosynthetic gene cluster of the herbicide phosphinothricin tripeptide from Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tu494</title><title>Applied and Environmental Microbiology</title><addtitle>Appl Environ Microbiol</addtitle><description>The antibiotic phosphinothricin tripeptide (PTT) consists of two molecules of L-alanine and one molecule of the unusual amino acid phosphinothricin (PT) which are nonribosomally combined. The bioactive compound PT has bactericidal, fungicidal, and herbicidal properties and possesses a C-P-C bond, which is very rare in natural compounds. Previously uncharacterized flanking and middle regions of the PTT biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tu494 were isolated and sequenced. The boundaries of the gene cluster were identified by gene inactivation studies. Sequence analysis and homology searches led to the completion of the gene cluster, which consists of 24 genes. Four of these were identified as undescribed genes coding for proteins that are probably involved in uncharacterized early steps of antibiotic biosynthesis or in providing precursors of PTT biosynthesis (phosphoenolpyruvate, acetyl-coenzyme A, or L-alanine). The involvement of the genes orfM and trs and of the regulatory gene prpA in PTT biosynthesis was analyzed by gene inactivation and overexpression, respectively. Insight into the regulation of PTT was gained by determining the transcriptional start sites of the pmi and prpA genes. A previously undescribed regulatory gene involved in morphological differentiation in streptomycetes was identified outside of the left boundary of the PTT biosynthetic gene cluster.</description><subject>Amino Acid Sequence</subject><subject>amino acid sequences</subject><subject>Antibiotics</subject><subject>Bacterial Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Bacterial Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Base Sequence</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biology of microorganisms of confirmed or potential industrial interest</subject><subject>biosynthesis</subject><subject>Biotechnology</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Gene Deletion</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>Genetics and Molecular Biology</subject><subject>Herbicides</subject><subject>Herbicides - metabolism</subject><subject>membrane proteins</subject><subject>Mission oriented research</subject><subject>Molecular Sequence Data</subject><subject>Multigene Family</subject><subject>nucleotide sequences</subject><subject>orfM gene</subject><subject>Organophosphorus Compounds - metabolism</subject><subject>peptide antibiotics</subject><subject>Peptides</subject><subject>prpA gene</subject><subject>regulator genes</subject><subject>Sequence Analysis, DNA</subject><subject>Streptomyces - genetics</subject><subject>Streptomyces - metabolism</subject><subject>Streptomyces viridochromogenes</subject><subject>Transcription, Genetic</subject><subject>transporters</subject><subject>tripeptides</subject><subject>trs gene</subject><subject>Yeast</subject><issn>0099-2240</issn><issn>1098-5336</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpVkU1v1DAQhi0EotvCXwALiWMW2_FHfODQVqUgFXFoe7a8znjjahMH2ynaf49XXShc_DHzzPt6PAhhStaUsu7T-dX3tapnVlfdNooStmaE8BdoRYnuGtG28iVaEaJ1wxgnJ-g05wdSCSK71-iECqG4JmKF5osQ834qA5Tg8BYmwG635AIJR49rGA-QNsGFHvA8xDwPYYplSDUy4ZLCDHM55HyKI74tqV7juHeQ8WNIoY9uqIl40M34buGav0GvvN1leHvcz9D9l6u7y6_NzY_rb5fnN43npCuNl5bwDfjWbQgHYIRR5iTljCnPe6lc7dtrUG2vwUvCO9BCaF27l9B7zdsz9PlJd142I_QOppLszswpjDbtTbTB_J-ZwmC28dGIVtDuUP_hWJ_izwVyMQ9xSVN9smFEVDOpZYXe_WvyV_3P_1bg4xGw2dmdT3ZyIT9zsuVcyO7ZbQjb4VdIYGwejYXRKGIoM4cxV-j9E-RtNHabqtD9LSO0rXOWSqmu_Q3qMqMg</recordid><startdate>20041201</startdate><enddate>20041201</enddate><creator>Schwartz, D</creator><creator>Berger, S</creator><creator>Heinzelmann, E</creator><creator>Muschko, K</creator><creator>Welzel, K</creator><creator>Wohlleben, W</creator><general>American Society for Microbiology</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20041201</creationdate><title>Biosynthetic gene cluster of the herbicide phosphinothricin tripeptide from Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tu494</title><author>Schwartz, D ; Berger, S ; Heinzelmann, E ; Muschko, K ; Welzel, K ; Wohlleben, W</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-f408t-f6a04bef3cb04ee20212c614227f4d67c093f9e73d9ef6048e955991096edf943</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2004</creationdate><topic>Amino Acid Sequence</topic><topic>amino acid sequences</topic><topic>Antibiotics</topic><topic>Bacterial Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>Bacterial Proteins - metabolism</topic><topic>Base Sequence</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biology of microorganisms of confirmed or potential industrial interest</topic><topic>biosynthesis</topic><topic>Biotechnology</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Gene Deletion</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial</topic><topic>Genes</topic><topic>Genetics</topic><topic>Genetics and Molecular Biology</topic><topic>Herbicides</topic><topic>Herbicides - metabolism</topic><topic>membrane proteins</topic><topic>Mission oriented research</topic><topic>Molecular Sequence Data</topic><topic>Multigene Family</topic><topic>nucleotide sequences</topic><topic>orfM gene</topic><topic>Organophosphorus Compounds - metabolism</topic><topic>peptide antibiotics</topic><topic>Peptides</topic><topic>prpA gene</topic><topic>regulator genes</topic><topic>Sequence Analysis, DNA</topic><topic>Streptomyces - genetics</topic><topic>Streptomyces - metabolism</topic><topic>Streptomyces viridochromogenes</topic><topic>Transcription, Genetic</topic><topic>transporters</topic><topic>tripeptides</topic><topic>trs gene</topic><topic>Yeast</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Schwartz, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Berger, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heinzelmann, E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muschko, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Welzel, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wohlleben, W</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Applied and Environmental Microbiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Schwartz, D</au><au>Berger, S</au><au>Heinzelmann, E</au><au>Muschko, K</au><au>Welzel, K</au><au>Wohlleben, W</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Biosynthetic gene cluster of the herbicide phosphinothricin tripeptide from Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tu494</atitle><jtitle>Applied and Environmental Microbiology</jtitle><addtitle>Appl Environ Microbiol</addtitle><date>2004-12-01</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>70</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>7093</spage><epage>7102</epage><pages>7093-7102</pages><issn>0099-2240</issn><eissn>1098-5336</eissn><coden>AEMIDF</coden><abstract>The antibiotic phosphinothricin tripeptide (PTT) consists of two molecules of L-alanine and one molecule of the unusual amino acid phosphinothricin (PT) which are nonribosomally combined. The bioactive compound PT has bactericidal, fungicidal, and herbicidal properties and possesses a C-P-C bond, which is very rare in natural compounds. Previously uncharacterized flanking and middle regions of the PTT biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tu494 were isolated and sequenced. The boundaries of the gene cluster were identified by gene inactivation studies. Sequence analysis and homology searches led to the completion of the gene cluster, which consists of 24 genes. Four of these were identified as undescribed genes coding for proteins that are probably involved in uncharacterized early steps of antibiotic biosynthesis or in providing precursors of PTT biosynthesis (phosphoenolpyruvate, acetyl-coenzyme A, or L-alanine). The involvement of the genes orfM and trs and of the regulatory gene prpA in PTT biosynthesis was analyzed by gene inactivation and overexpression, respectively. Insight into the regulation of PTT was gained by determining the transcriptional start sites of the pmi and prpA genes. A previously undescribed regulatory gene involved in morphological differentiation in streptomycetes was identified outside of the left boundary of the PTT biosynthetic gene cluster.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Society for Microbiology</pub><pmid>15574905</pmid><doi>10.1128/AEM.70.12.7093-7102.2004</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Amino Acid Sequence amino acid sequences Antibiotics Bacterial Proteins - genetics Bacterial Proteins - metabolism Base Sequence Biological and medical sciences Biology of microorganisms of confirmed or potential industrial interest biosynthesis Biotechnology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene Deletion Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial Genes Genetics Genetics and Molecular Biology Herbicides Herbicides - metabolism membrane proteins Mission oriented research Molecular Sequence Data Multigene Family nucleotide sequences orfM gene Organophosphorus Compounds - metabolism peptide antibiotics Peptides prpA gene regulator genes Sequence Analysis, DNA Streptomyces - genetics Streptomyces - metabolism Streptomyces viridochromogenes Transcription, Genetic transporters tripeptides trs gene Yeast |
| title | Biosynthetic gene cluster of the herbicide phosphinothricin tripeptide from Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tu494 |
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