Cumulative score based on preoperative plasma fibrinogen and serum C-reactive protein could predict long-term survival for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
The present study was to establish a prognostic indicator based on preoperative fibrinogen and C-reactive protein (CRP) (FC score) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Clinicopathologic characteristics, preoperative plasma fibrinogen and serum CRP levels were reviewed in patients who underw...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Oncotarget 2016-09, Vol.7 (38), p.61533-61543 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 61543 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 38 |
| container_start_page | 61533 |
| container_title | Oncotarget |
| container_volume | 7 |
| creator | Tian, Rui Yan, Hong Zhang, Fei Sun, Peng Wu, Ai-Ran Zhang, Min Jiang, Yu-Lu Wu, Jing Lu, Yan-Hong Xu, Qiu-Yan Zhan, Xiao-Hong Zhang, Rong-Xin Qian, Li-Ting He, Jie |
| description | The present study was to establish a prognostic indicator based on preoperative fibrinogen and C-reactive protein (CRP) (FC score) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Clinicopathologic characteristics, preoperative plasma fibrinogen and serum CRP levels were reviewed in patients who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy. The optimal cut-off value for fibrinogen and CRP was defined as 4.0 g/dL and 10.0 mg/L according to previous reports. Patients with elevated fibrinogen and CRP levels were assigned a score of 2, those with only one of these two abnormalities were allocated a score of 1, and those with neither of the two abnormalities were assigned a score of 0. Preoperative FC score was significantly correlated with degree of differentiation, depth of invasion, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS). No significant differences in age, gender, tumor length, tumor location, lymph node status or smoking were identified between groups. Univariate survival analysis demonstrated that high preoperative FC score (1/2) was significantly associated with impaired disease free survival (DFS) [hazard ratio (HR), 1.650; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.181-2.303; P=0.003] and overall survival (OS) (HR, 1.879; 95% CI, 1.333-2.648; P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.18632/oncotarget.11145 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5308670</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1854801309</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c422t-2c8f3258a6c175e539518f46880d508720a514b02c4cab6f5e96a8e6b21dddbe3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpVUctu1TAQtRCIVqUfwAZ5ySbFduzE2SChK15SJTawtibOJDXyI7WdK_Ex_CtpbyllNjOjOXPOjA4hrzm74rprxbsUbaqQF6xXnHOpnpFzPsihEUq1z5_UZ-SylJ9sDyV7LYaX5Ez0ivdy6M_J78MWNg_VHZEWmzLSEQpONEW6Zkwr5tNs9VAC0NmN2cW0YKQQJ1owb4EemoxgT7CcKrpIbdr8dMcwOVupT3FpKuZAy5aP7giezilTLGm9gQX3ttxuENJWqEXvqYVsd5UAr8iLGXzBy4d8QX58-vj98KW5_vb56-HDdWOlELURVs-tUBo6y3uFqh0U17PstGaTYroXDBSXIxNWWhi7WeHQgcZuFHyaphHbC_L-xLtuY8DJYqwZvFmzC5B_mQTO_D-J7sYs6WhUy3TXs53g7QNBTrcblmqCK3e_QMT9LcO1kprxlg07lJ-gNqdSMs6PMpyZe2fNP2fNvbP7zpun9z1u_PWx_QMdS6eU</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1854801309</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Cumulative score based on preoperative plasma fibrinogen and serum C-reactive protein could predict long-term survival for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Free E- Journals</source><creator>Tian, Rui ; Yan, Hong ; Zhang, Fei ; Sun, Peng ; Wu, Ai-Ran ; Zhang, Min ; Jiang, Yu-Lu ; Wu, Jing ; Lu, Yan-Hong ; Xu, Qiu-Yan ; Zhan, Xiao-Hong ; Zhang, Rong-Xin ; Qian, Li-Ting ; He, Jie</creator><creatorcontrib>Tian, Rui ; Yan, Hong ; Zhang, Fei ; Sun, Peng ; Wu, Ai-Ran ; Zhang, Min ; Jiang, Yu-Lu ; Wu, Jing ; Lu, Yan-Hong ; Xu, Qiu-Yan ; Zhan, Xiao-Hong ; Zhang, Rong-Xin ; Qian, Li-Ting ; He, Jie</creatorcontrib><description>The present study was to establish a prognostic indicator based on preoperative fibrinogen and C-reactive protein (CRP) (FC score) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Clinicopathologic characteristics, preoperative plasma fibrinogen and serum CRP levels were reviewed in patients who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy. The optimal cut-off value for fibrinogen and CRP was defined as 4.0 g/dL and 10.0 mg/L according to previous reports. Patients with elevated fibrinogen and CRP levels were assigned a score of 2, those with only one of these two abnormalities were allocated a score of 1, and those with neither of the two abnormalities were assigned a score of 0. Preoperative FC score was significantly correlated with degree of differentiation, depth of invasion, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS). No significant differences in age, gender, tumor length, tumor location, lymph node status or smoking were identified between groups. Univariate survival analysis demonstrated that high preoperative FC score (1/2) was significantly associated with impaired disease free survival (DFS) [hazard ratio (HR), 1.650; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.181-2.303; P=0.003] and overall survival (OS) (HR, 1.879; 95% CI, 1.333-2.648; P<0.001), and it remained an independent predictor for both DFS (HR, 1.468; 95% CI, 1.043-2.067; P=0.028) and OS (HR, 2.070; 95% CI, 1.266-3.385; P=0.004) in multivariate Cox regression analysis. Preoperative FC score might represent a new potential marker of worst prognosis that warrants further evaluation in prospective and large cohort studies among ESCC patients who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1949-2553</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1949-2553</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11145</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27517497</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Impact Journals LLC</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers, Tumor - blood ; C-Reactive Protein - analysis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - blood ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - mortality ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - surgery ; Disease-Free Survival ; Esophageal Neoplasms - blood ; Esophageal Neoplasms - mortality ; Esophageal Neoplasms - surgery ; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ; Esophagectomy - methods ; Female ; Fibrinogen - analysis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Preoperative Period ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective Studies ; Research Paper ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Oncotarget, 2016-09, Vol.7 (38), p.61533-61543</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2016 Tian et al. 2016</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c422t-2c8f3258a6c175e539518f46880d508720a514b02c4cab6f5e96a8e6b21dddbe3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c422t-2c8f3258a6c175e539518f46880d508720a514b02c4cab6f5e96a8e6b21dddbe3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5308670/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5308670/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27923,27924,53790,53792</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27517497$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tian, Rui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yan, Hong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Fei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Peng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Ai-Ran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Min</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Yu-Lu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Jing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Yan-Hong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Qiu-Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhan, Xiao-Hong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Rong-Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qian, Li-Ting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>He, Jie</creatorcontrib><title>Cumulative score based on preoperative plasma fibrinogen and serum C-reactive protein could predict long-term survival for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma</title><title>Oncotarget</title><addtitle>Oncotarget</addtitle><description>The present study was to establish a prognostic indicator based on preoperative fibrinogen and C-reactive protein (CRP) (FC score) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Clinicopathologic characteristics, preoperative plasma fibrinogen and serum CRP levels were reviewed in patients who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy. The optimal cut-off value for fibrinogen and CRP was defined as 4.0 g/dL and 10.0 mg/L according to previous reports. Patients with elevated fibrinogen and CRP levels were assigned a score of 2, those with only one of these two abnormalities were allocated a score of 1, and those with neither of the two abnormalities were assigned a score of 0. Preoperative FC score was significantly correlated with degree of differentiation, depth of invasion, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS). No significant differences in age, gender, tumor length, tumor location, lymph node status or smoking were identified between groups. Univariate survival analysis demonstrated that high preoperative FC score (1/2) was significantly associated with impaired disease free survival (DFS) [hazard ratio (HR), 1.650; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.181-2.303; P=0.003] and overall survival (OS) (HR, 1.879; 95% CI, 1.333-2.648; P<0.001), and it remained an independent predictor for both DFS (HR, 1.468; 95% CI, 1.043-2.067; P=0.028) and OS (HR, 2.070; 95% CI, 1.266-3.385; P=0.004) in multivariate Cox regression analysis. Preoperative FC score might represent a new potential marker of worst prognosis that warrants further evaluation in prospective and large cohort studies among ESCC patients who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Biomarkers, Tumor - blood</subject><subject>C-Reactive Protein - analysis</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - blood</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - mortality</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - surgery</subject><subject>Disease-Free Survival</subject><subject>Esophageal Neoplasms - blood</subject><subject>Esophageal Neoplasms - mortality</subject><subject>Esophageal Neoplasms - surgery</subject><subject>Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma</subject><subject>Esophagectomy - methods</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fibrinogen - analysis</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Kaplan-Meier Estimate</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Predictive Value of Tests</subject><subject>Preoperative Period</subject><subject>Prognosis</subject><subject>Proportional Hazards Models</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Research Paper</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1949-2553</issn><issn>1949-2553</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpVUctu1TAQtRCIVqUfwAZ5ySbFduzE2SChK15SJTawtibOJDXyI7WdK_Ex_CtpbyllNjOjOXPOjA4hrzm74rprxbsUbaqQF6xXnHOpnpFzPsihEUq1z5_UZ-SylJ9sDyV7LYaX5Ez0ivdy6M_J78MWNg_VHZEWmzLSEQpONEW6Zkwr5tNs9VAC0NmN2cW0YKQQJ1owb4EemoxgT7CcKrpIbdr8dMcwOVupT3FpKuZAy5aP7giezilTLGm9gQX3ttxuENJWqEXvqYVsd5UAr8iLGXzBy4d8QX58-vj98KW5_vb56-HDdWOlELURVs-tUBo6y3uFqh0U17PstGaTYroXDBSXIxNWWhi7WeHQgcZuFHyaphHbC_L-xLtuY8DJYqwZvFmzC5B_mQTO_D-J7sYs6WhUy3TXs53g7QNBTrcblmqCK3e_QMT9LcO1kprxlg07lJ-gNqdSMs6PMpyZe2fNP2fNvbP7zpun9z1u_PWx_QMdS6eU</recordid><startdate>20160920</startdate><enddate>20160920</enddate><creator>Tian, Rui</creator><creator>Yan, Hong</creator><creator>Zhang, Fei</creator><creator>Sun, Peng</creator><creator>Wu, Ai-Ran</creator><creator>Zhang, Min</creator><creator>Jiang, Yu-Lu</creator><creator>Wu, Jing</creator><creator>Lu, Yan-Hong</creator><creator>Xu, Qiu-Yan</creator><creator>Zhan, Xiao-Hong</creator><creator>Zhang, Rong-Xin</creator><creator>Qian, Li-Ting</creator><creator>He, Jie</creator><general>Impact Journals LLC</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160920</creationdate><title>Cumulative score based on preoperative plasma fibrinogen and serum C-reactive protein could predict long-term survival for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma</title><author>Tian, Rui ; Yan, Hong ; Zhang, Fei ; Sun, Peng ; Wu, Ai-Ran ; Zhang, Min ; Jiang, Yu-Lu ; Wu, Jing ; Lu, Yan-Hong ; Xu, Qiu-Yan ; Zhan, Xiao-Hong ; Zhang, Rong-Xin ; Qian, Li-Ting ; He, Jie</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c422t-2c8f3258a6c175e539518f46880d508720a514b02c4cab6f5e96a8e6b21dddbe3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Biomarkers, Tumor - blood</topic><topic>C-Reactive Protein - analysis</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - blood</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - mortality</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - surgery</topic><topic>Disease-Free Survival</topic><topic>Esophageal Neoplasms - blood</topic><topic>Esophageal Neoplasms - mortality</topic><topic>Esophageal Neoplasms - surgery</topic><topic>Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma</topic><topic>Esophagectomy - methods</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fibrinogen - analysis</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Kaplan-Meier Estimate</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Predictive Value of Tests</topic><topic>Preoperative Period</topic><topic>Prognosis</topic><topic>Proportional Hazards Models</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Research Paper</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tian, Rui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yan, Hong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Fei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Peng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Ai-Ran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Min</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Yu-Lu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Jing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Yan-Hong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Qiu-Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhan, Xiao-Hong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Rong-Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qian, Li-Ting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>He, Jie</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Oncotarget</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tian, Rui</au><au>Yan, Hong</au><au>Zhang, Fei</au><au>Sun, Peng</au><au>Wu, Ai-Ran</au><au>Zhang, Min</au><au>Jiang, Yu-Lu</au><au>Wu, Jing</au><au>Lu, Yan-Hong</au><au>Xu, Qiu-Yan</au><au>Zhan, Xiao-Hong</au><au>Zhang, Rong-Xin</au><au>Qian, Li-Ting</au><au>He, Jie</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Cumulative score based on preoperative plasma fibrinogen and serum C-reactive protein could predict long-term survival for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma</atitle><jtitle>Oncotarget</jtitle><addtitle>Oncotarget</addtitle><date>2016-09-20</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>7</volume><issue>38</issue><spage>61533</spage><epage>61543</epage><pages>61533-61543</pages><issn>1949-2553</issn><eissn>1949-2553</eissn><abstract>The present study was to establish a prognostic indicator based on preoperative fibrinogen and C-reactive protein (CRP) (FC score) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Clinicopathologic characteristics, preoperative plasma fibrinogen and serum CRP levels were reviewed in patients who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy. The optimal cut-off value for fibrinogen and CRP was defined as 4.0 g/dL and 10.0 mg/L according to previous reports. Patients with elevated fibrinogen and CRP levels were assigned a score of 2, those with only one of these two abnormalities were allocated a score of 1, and those with neither of the two abnormalities were assigned a score of 0. Preoperative FC score was significantly correlated with degree of differentiation, depth of invasion, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS). No significant differences in age, gender, tumor length, tumor location, lymph node status or smoking were identified between groups. Univariate survival analysis demonstrated that high preoperative FC score (1/2) was significantly associated with impaired disease free survival (DFS) [hazard ratio (HR), 1.650; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.181-2.303; P=0.003] and overall survival (OS) (HR, 1.879; 95% CI, 1.333-2.648; P<0.001), and it remained an independent predictor for both DFS (HR, 1.468; 95% CI, 1.043-2.067; P=0.028) and OS (HR, 2.070; 95% CI, 1.266-3.385; P=0.004) in multivariate Cox regression analysis. Preoperative FC score might represent a new potential marker of worst prognosis that warrants further evaluation in prospective and large cohort studies among ESCC patients who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Impact Journals LLC</pub><pmid>27517497</pmid><doi>10.18632/oncotarget.11145</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1949-2553 |
| ispartof | Oncotarget, 2016-09, Vol.7 (38), p.61533-61543 |
| issn | 1949-2553 1949-2553 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5308670 |
| source | MEDLINE; PubMed Central Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free E- Journals |
| subjects | Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Biomarkers, Tumor - blood C-Reactive Protein - analysis Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - blood Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - mortality Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - surgery Disease-Free Survival Esophageal Neoplasms - blood Esophageal Neoplasms - mortality Esophageal Neoplasms - surgery Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Esophagectomy - methods Female Fibrinogen - analysis Follow-Up Studies Humans Kaplan-Meier Estimate Male Middle Aged Predictive Value of Tests Preoperative Period Prognosis Proportional Hazards Models Prospective Studies Research Paper Retrospective Studies Young Adult |
| title | Cumulative score based on preoperative plasma fibrinogen and serum C-reactive protein could predict long-term survival for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-11T10%3A37%3A07IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cumulative%20score%20based%20on%20preoperative%20plasma%20fibrinogen%20and%20serum%20C-reactive%20protein%20could%20predict%20long-term%20survival%20for%20esophageal%20squamous%20cell%20carcinoma&rft.jtitle=Oncotarget&rft.au=Tian,%20Rui&rft.date=2016-09-20&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=38&rft.spage=61533&rft.epage=61543&rft.pages=61533-61543&rft.issn=1949-2553&rft.eissn=1949-2553&rft_id=info:doi/10.18632/oncotarget.11145&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E1854801309%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1854801309&rft_id=info:pmid/27517497&rfr_iscdi=true |