Accelerated telomere shortening in peripheral blood lymphocytes after occupational polychlorinated biphenyls exposure
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are organochlorine pollutants with a worldwide dissemination. We examined telomere length (TL) in peripheral blood cells of 207 individuals with a high body burden of PCBs due to occupational exposure in a transformer recycling company. Whereas TL in granulocytes was...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Archives of toxicology 2017-01, Vol.91 (1), p.289-300 |
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| creator | Ziegler, Susanne Schettgen, Thomas Beier, Fabian Wilop, Stefan Quinete, Natalia Esser, Andre Masouleh, Behzad Kharabi Ferreira, Monica S. V. Vankann, Lucia Uciechowski, Peter Rink, Lothar Kraus, Thomas Brümmendorf, Tim H. Ziegler, Patrick |
| description | Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are organochlorine pollutants with a worldwide dissemination. We examined telomere length (TL) in peripheral blood cells of 207 individuals with a high body burden of PCBs due to occupational exposure in a transformer recycling company. Whereas TL in granulocytes was not affected, the age-adjusted TL in lymphocytes (∆TL
Lymph
) of exposed individuals was significantly shorter than expected [−0.77 kb; 95 % confidence interval (CI) −0.9316; −0.6052;
p
= 0.0001]. PCB exposure did not affect lymphocyte numbers or T cell receptor excision circle (TREC) levels in T cells, suggesting that PCBs cause loss of telomeric DNA in T cells due to their metabolic activation and antigen-stimulated proliferation. In support of this hypothesis, blood plasma levels of PCB-exposed individuals inhibited expression of telomerase, the telomere elongating enzyme in vitro in antigen-specific T cell proliferation assays. 3-OH-CB28, a downstream metabolite of the lower chlorinated PCB-28 in PCB-exposed individuals (mean blood plasma concentration: 0.185 ± 0.68 ng/mL), inhibited telomerase gene expression within 48 h of incubation in lymphoproliferative assays starting at a concentration of 0.27–6.75 µg/mL and accelerated telomere shortening in long-term cell culture experiments. Accelerated telomere shortening due to PCB exposure may lead to limitations of cell renewal and clonal expansion of lymphocyte populations. As PCB-related immune dysfunctions have been linked to increased susceptibility to infectious diseases and increased risk of cancer, our data provide a possible explanation, for how PCBs could promote infections and cancer through limiting immune surveillance. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00204-016-1725-8 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5225163</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1868344487</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c503t-4328fe0ac8bcc0a8964afb116cd3665fb76eba77c463c7dfa2ddaa07e1577af33</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kUtv1TAQhS0EopfCD2CDLLFhE_Db7gapqnhJldjA2nKcyU0qxw52gpp_j8MtVUFi5cV854zPHIReUvKWEqLfFUIYEQ2hqqGaycY8QgcqOGuI5uYxOhAuSCO1omfoWSk3hFBmLvhTdMY0FYoKeUDrpfcQILsFOrxASBNkwGVIeYE4xiMeI54hj_NQmYDbkFKHwzbNQ_LbAgW7foGMk_fr7JYxxQrNKWx-CCmP8bdtu6vjFgqG2zmVNcNz9KR3ocCLu_ccff_44dvV5-b666cvV5fXjZeEL02NYnogzpvWe-LMhRKubylVvuNKyb7VClqntReKe931jnWdc0QDlVq7nvNz9P7kO6_tBJ2HuNQUds7j5PJmkxvt35M4DvaYflrJmKRqN3hzZ5DTjxXKYqex1IMFFyGtxVKjDBdCGF3R1_-gN2nN9R47JTVjmjNZKXqifE6lZOjvP0OJ3Uu1p1JtLdXupVpTNa8eprhX_GmxAuwElDqKR8gPVv_X9RfHAbHP</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1857227325</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Accelerated telomere shortening in peripheral blood lymphocytes after occupational polychlorinated biphenyls exposure</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerNature Complete Journals</source><creator>Ziegler, Susanne ; Schettgen, Thomas ; Beier, Fabian ; Wilop, Stefan ; Quinete, Natalia ; Esser, Andre ; Masouleh, Behzad Kharabi ; Ferreira, Monica S. V. ; Vankann, Lucia ; Uciechowski, Peter ; Rink, Lothar ; Kraus, Thomas ; Brümmendorf, Tim H. ; Ziegler, Patrick</creator><creatorcontrib>Ziegler, Susanne ; Schettgen, Thomas ; Beier, Fabian ; Wilop, Stefan ; Quinete, Natalia ; Esser, Andre ; Masouleh, Behzad Kharabi ; Ferreira, Monica S. V. ; Vankann, Lucia ; Uciechowski, Peter ; Rink, Lothar ; Kraus, Thomas ; Brümmendorf, Tim H. ; Ziegler, Patrick</creatorcontrib><description>Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are organochlorine pollutants with a worldwide dissemination. We examined telomere length (TL) in peripheral blood cells of 207 individuals with a high body burden of PCBs due to occupational exposure in a transformer recycling company. Whereas TL in granulocytes was not affected, the age-adjusted TL in lymphocytes (∆TL
Lymph
) of exposed individuals was significantly shorter than expected [−0.77 kb; 95 % confidence interval (CI) −0.9316; −0.6052;
p
= 0.0001]. PCB exposure did not affect lymphocyte numbers or T cell receptor excision circle (TREC) levels in T cells, suggesting that PCBs cause loss of telomeric DNA in T cells due to their metabolic activation and antigen-stimulated proliferation. In support of this hypothesis, blood plasma levels of PCB-exposed individuals inhibited expression of telomerase, the telomere elongating enzyme in vitro in antigen-specific T cell proliferation assays. 3-OH-CB28, a downstream metabolite of the lower chlorinated PCB-28 in PCB-exposed individuals (mean blood plasma concentration: 0.185 ± 0.68 ng/mL), inhibited telomerase gene expression within 48 h of incubation in lymphoproliferative assays starting at a concentration of 0.27–6.75 µg/mL and accelerated telomere shortening in long-term cell culture experiments. Accelerated telomere shortening due to PCB exposure may lead to limitations of cell renewal and clonal expansion of lymphocyte populations. As PCB-related immune dysfunctions have been linked to increased susceptibility to infectious diseases and increased risk of cancer, our data provide a possible explanation, for how PCBs could promote infections and cancer through limiting immune surveillance.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0340-5761</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-0738</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1725-8</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27146145</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Biotransformation ; Carcinogens, Environmental - analysis ; Carcinogens, Environmental - toxicity ; Cell Proliferation - drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cohort Studies ; Drug Residues - analysis ; Environmental Health ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic - drug effects ; Germany ; Humans ; Immunologic Surveillance - drug effects ; Kinetics ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphocytes - cytology ; Lymphocytes - drug effects ; Lymphocytes - metabolism ; Lymphocytes - pathology ; Male ; Molecular Toxicology ; Occupational Exposure - adverse effects ; Occupational hazards ; Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine ; PCB ; Pharmacology/Toxicology ; Polychlorinated biphenyls ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls - blood ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls - metabolism ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls - toxicity ; Population Surveillance ; Recycling ; Telomerase ; Telomerase - antagonists & inhibitors ; Telomerase - blood ; Telomerase - metabolism ; Telomere Shortening - drug effects ; Toxicokinetics</subject><ispartof>Archives of toxicology, 2017-01, Vol.91 (1), p.289-300</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2016</rights><rights>Archives of Toxicology is a copyright of Springer, 2017.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c503t-4328fe0ac8bcc0a8964afb116cd3665fb76eba77c463c7dfa2ddaa07e1577af33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c503t-4328fe0ac8bcc0a8964afb116cd3665fb76eba77c463c7dfa2ddaa07e1577af33</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00204-016-1725-8$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00204-016-1725-8$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27146145$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ziegler, Susanne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schettgen, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beier, Fabian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilop, Stefan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Quinete, Natalia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Esser, Andre</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Masouleh, Behzad Kharabi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferreira, Monica S. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vankann, Lucia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uciechowski, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rink, Lothar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kraus, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brümmendorf, Tim H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ziegler, Patrick</creatorcontrib><title>Accelerated telomere shortening in peripheral blood lymphocytes after occupational polychlorinated biphenyls exposure</title><title>Archives of toxicology</title><addtitle>Arch Toxicol</addtitle><addtitle>Arch Toxicol</addtitle><description>Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are organochlorine pollutants with a worldwide dissemination. We examined telomere length (TL) in peripheral blood cells of 207 individuals with a high body burden of PCBs due to occupational exposure in a transformer recycling company. Whereas TL in granulocytes was not affected, the age-adjusted TL in lymphocytes (∆TL
Lymph
) of exposed individuals was significantly shorter than expected [−0.77 kb; 95 % confidence interval (CI) −0.9316; −0.6052;
p
= 0.0001]. PCB exposure did not affect lymphocyte numbers or T cell receptor excision circle (TREC) levels in T cells, suggesting that PCBs cause loss of telomeric DNA in T cells due to their metabolic activation and antigen-stimulated proliferation. In support of this hypothesis, blood plasma levels of PCB-exposed individuals inhibited expression of telomerase, the telomere elongating enzyme in vitro in antigen-specific T cell proliferation assays. 3-OH-CB28, a downstream metabolite of the lower chlorinated PCB-28 in PCB-exposed individuals (mean blood plasma concentration: 0.185 ± 0.68 ng/mL), inhibited telomerase gene expression within 48 h of incubation in lymphoproliferative assays starting at a concentration of 0.27–6.75 µg/mL and accelerated telomere shortening in long-term cell culture experiments. Accelerated telomere shortening due to PCB exposure may lead to limitations of cell renewal and clonal expansion of lymphocyte populations. As PCB-related immune dysfunctions have been linked to increased susceptibility to infectious diseases and increased risk of cancer, our data provide a possible explanation, for how PCBs could promote infections and cancer through limiting immune surveillance.</description><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Biotransformation</subject><subject>Carcinogens, Environmental - analysis</subject><subject>Carcinogens, Environmental - toxicity</subject><subject>Cell Proliferation - drug effects</subject><subject>Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Drug Residues - analysis</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic - drug effects</subject><subject>Germany</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunologic Surveillance - drug effects</subject><subject>Kinetics</subject><subject>Lymphocytes</subject><subject>Lymphocytes - cytology</subject><subject>Lymphocytes - drug effects</subject><subject>Lymphocytes - metabolism</subject><subject>Lymphocytes - pathology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Molecular Toxicology</subject><subject>Occupational Exposure - adverse effects</subject><subject>Occupational hazards</subject><subject>Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine</subject><subject>PCB</subject><subject>Pharmacology/Toxicology</subject><subject>Polychlorinated biphenyls</subject><subject>Polychlorinated Biphenyls - blood</subject><subject>Polychlorinated Biphenyls - metabolism</subject><subject>Polychlorinated Biphenyls - toxicity</subject><subject>Population Surveillance</subject><subject>Recycling</subject><subject>Telomerase</subject><subject>Telomerase - antagonists & inhibitors</subject><subject>Telomerase - blood</subject><subject>Telomerase - metabolism</subject><subject>Telomere Shortening - drug effects</subject><subject>Toxicokinetics</subject><issn>0340-5761</issn><issn>1432-0738</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kUtv1TAQhS0EopfCD2CDLLFhE_Db7gapqnhJldjA2nKcyU0qxw52gpp_j8MtVUFi5cV854zPHIReUvKWEqLfFUIYEQ2hqqGaycY8QgcqOGuI5uYxOhAuSCO1omfoWSk3hFBmLvhTdMY0FYoKeUDrpfcQILsFOrxASBNkwGVIeYE4xiMeI54hj_NQmYDbkFKHwzbNQ_LbAgW7foGMk_fr7JYxxQrNKWx-CCmP8bdtu6vjFgqG2zmVNcNz9KR3ocCLu_ccff_44dvV5-b666cvV5fXjZeEL02NYnogzpvWe-LMhRKubylVvuNKyb7VClqntReKe931jnWdc0QDlVq7nvNz9P7kO6_tBJ2HuNQUds7j5PJmkxvt35M4DvaYflrJmKRqN3hzZ5DTjxXKYqex1IMFFyGtxVKjDBdCGF3R1_-gN2nN9R47JTVjmjNZKXqifE6lZOjvP0OJ3Uu1p1JtLdXupVpTNa8eprhX_GmxAuwElDqKR8gPVv_X9RfHAbHP</recordid><startdate>20170101</startdate><enddate>20170101</enddate><creator>Ziegler, Susanne</creator><creator>Schettgen, Thomas</creator><creator>Beier, Fabian</creator><creator>Wilop, Stefan</creator><creator>Quinete, Natalia</creator><creator>Esser, Andre</creator><creator>Masouleh, Behzad Kharabi</creator><creator>Ferreira, Monica S. 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V. ; Vankann, Lucia ; Uciechowski, Peter ; Rink, Lothar ; Kraus, Thomas ; Brümmendorf, Tim H. ; Ziegler, Patrick</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c503t-4328fe0ac8bcc0a8964afb116cd3665fb76eba77c463c7dfa2ddaa07e1577af33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedicine</topic><topic>Biotransformation</topic><topic>Carcinogens, Environmental - analysis</topic><topic>Carcinogens, Environmental - toxicity</topic><topic>Cell Proliferation - drug effects</topic><topic>Cells, Cultured</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Drug Residues - analysis</topic><topic>Environmental Health</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic - drug effects</topic><topic>Germany</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunologic Surveillance - drug effects</topic><topic>Kinetics</topic><topic>Lymphocytes</topic><topic>Lymphocytes - cytology</topic><topic>Lymphocytes - drug effects</topic><topic>Lymphocytes - metabolism</topic><topic>Lymphocytes - pathology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Molecular Toxicology</topic><topic>Occupational Exposure - adverse effects</topic><topic>Occupational hazards</topic><topic>Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine</topic><topic>PCB</topic><topic>Pharmacology/Toxicology</topic><topic>Polychlorinated biphenyls</topic><topic>Polychlorinated Biphenyls - blood</topic><topic>Polychlorinated Biphenyls - metabolism</topic><topic>Polychlorinated Biphenyls - toxicity</topic><topic>Population Surveillance</topic><topic>Recycling</topic><topic>Telomerase</topic><topic>Telomerase - antagonists & inhibitors</topic><topic>Telomerase - blood</topic><topic>Telomerase - metabolism</topic><topic>Telomere Shortening - drug effects</topic><topic>Toxicokinetics</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ziegler, Susanne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schettgen, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beier, Fabian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilop, Stefan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Quinete, Natalia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Esser, Andre</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Masouleh, Behzad Kharabi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferreira, Monica S. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vankann, Lucia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uciechowski, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rink, Lothar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kraus, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brümmendorf, Tim H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ziegler, Patrick</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Archives of toxicology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ziegler, Susanne</au><au>Schettgen, Thomas</au><au>Beier, Fabian</au><au>Wilop, Stefan</au><au>Quinete, Natalia</au><au>Esser, Andre</au><au>Masouleh, Behzad Kharabi</au><au>Ferreira, Monica S. V.</au><au>Vankann, Lucia</au><au>Uciechowski, Peter</au><au>Rink, Lothar</au><au>Kraus, Thomas</au><au>Brümmendorf, Tim H.</au><au>Ziegler, Patrick</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Accelerated telomere shortening in peripheral blood lymphocytes after occupational polychlorinated biphenyls exposure</atitle><jtitle>Archives of toxicology</jtitle><stitle>Arch Toxicol</stitle><addtitle>Arch Toxicol</addtitle><date>2017-01-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>91</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>289</spage><epage>300</epage><pages>289-300</pages><issn>0340-5761</issn><eissn>1432-0738</eissn><abstract>Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are organochlorine pollutants with a worldwide dissemination. We examined telomere length (TL) in peripheral blood cells of 207 individuals with a high body burden of PCBs due to occupational exposure in a transformer recycling company. Whereas TL in granulocytes was not affected, the age-adjusted TL in lymphocytes (∆TL
Lymph
) of exposed individuals was significantly shorter than expected [−0.77 kb; 95 % confidence interval (CI) −0.9316; −0.6052;
p
= 0.0001]. PCB exposure did not affect lymphocyte numbers or T cell receptor excision circle (TREC) levels in T cells, suggesting that PCBs cause loss of telomeric DNA in T cells due to their metabolic activation and antigen-stimulated proliferation. In support of this hypothesis, blood plasma levels of PCB-exposed individuals inhibited expression of telomerase, the telomere elongating enzyme in vitro in antigen-specific T cell proliferation assays. 3-OH-CB28, a downstream metabolite of the lower chlorinated PCB-28 in PCB-exposed individuals (mean blood plasma concentration: 0.185 ± 0.68 ng/mL), inhibited telomerase gene expression within 48 h of incubation in lymphoproliferative assays starting at a concentration of 0.27–6.75 µg/mL and accelerated telomere shortening in long-term cell culture experiments. Accelerated telomere shortening due to PCB exposure may lead to limitations of cell renewal and clonal expansion of lymphocyte populations. As PCB-related immune dysfunctions have been linked to increased susceptibility to infectious diseases and increased risk of cancer, our data provide a possible explanation, for how PCBs could promote infections and cancer through limiting immune surveillance.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>27146145</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00204-016-1725-8</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Biotransformation Carcinogens, Environmental - analysis Carcinogens, Environmental - toxicity Cell Proliferation - drug effects Cells, Cultured Cohort Studies Drug Residues - analysis Environmental Health Female Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic - drug effects Germany Humans Immunologic Surveillance - drug effects Kinetics Lymphocytes Lymphocytes - cytology Lymphocytes - drug effects Lymphocytes - metabolism Lymphocytes - pathology Male Molecular Toxicology Occupational Exposure - adverse effects Occupational hazards Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine PCB Pharmacology/Toxicology Polychlorinated biphenyls Polychlorinated Biphenyls - blood Polychlorinated Biphenyls - metabolism Polychlorinated Biphenyls - toxicity Population Surveillance Recycling Telomerase Telomerase - antagonists & inhibitors Telomerase - blood Telomerase - metabolism Telomere Shortening - drug effects Toxicokinetics |
| title | Accelerated telomere shortening in peripheral blood lymphocytes after occupational polychlorinated biphenyls exposure |
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