Disruption of the microbiota across multiple body sites in critically ill children

Despite intense interest in the links between the microbiome and human health, little has been written about dysbiosis among ICU patients. We characterized microbial diversity in samples from 37 children in a pediatric ICU (PICU). Standard measures of alpha and beta diversity were calculated, and re...

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Veröffentlicht in:Microbiome 2016-12, Vol.4 (1), p.66-66, Article 66
Hauptverfasser: Rogers, Matthew B, Firek, Brian, Shi, Min, Yeh, Andrew, Brower-Sinning, Rachel, Aveson, Victoria, Kohl, Brittany L, Fabio, Anthony, Carcillo, Joseph A, Morowitz, Michael J
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container_end_page 66
container_issue 1
container_start_page 66
container_title Microbiome
container_volume 4
creator Rogers, Matthew B
Firek, Brian
Shi, Min
Yeh, Andrew
Brower-Sinning, Rachel
Aveson, Victoria
Kohl, Brittany L
Fabio, Anthony
Carcillo, Joseph A
Morowitz, Michael J
description Despite intense interest in the links between the microbiome and human health, little has been written about dysbiosis among ICU patients. We characterized microbial diversity in samples from 37 children in a pediatric ICU (PICU). Standard measures of alpha and beta diversity were calculated, and results were compared with data from adult and pediatric reference datasets. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences were analyzed from 71 total tongue swabs, 50 skin swabs, and 77 stool samples or rectal swabs. The mean age of the PICU patients was 2.9 years (range 1-9 years), and many were chronically ill children that had previously been hospitalized in the PICU. Relative to healthy adults and children, alpha diversity was decreased in PICU GI and tongue but not skin samples. Measures of beta diversity indicated differences in community membership at each body site between PICU, adult, and pediatric groups. Taxonomic alterations in the PICU included enrichment of gut pathogens such as Enterococcus and Staphylococcus at multiple body sites and depletion of commensals such as Faecalibacterium and Ruminococcus from GI samples. Alpha and beta diversity were unstable over time in patients followed longitudinally. We observed the frequent presence of "dominant" pathogens in PICU samples at relative abundance >50%. PICU samples were characterized by loss of site specificity, with individual taxa commonly present simultaneously at three sample sites on a single individual. Some pathogens identified by culture of tracheal aspirates were commonly observed in skin samples from the same patient. We conclude that the microbiota in critically ill children differs sharply from the microbiota of healthy children and adults. Acknowledgement of dysbiosis associated with critical illness could provide opportunities to modulate the microbiota with precision and thereby improve patient outcomes.
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subjects Adult
Alphaproteobacteria - classification
Alphaproteobacteria - isolation & purification
Analysis
Betaproteobacteria - classification
Betaproteobacteria - isolation & purification
Biological diversity
Child
Child, Preschool
Critical Illness
Critically ill children
DNA, Bacterial - analysis
DNA, Ribosomal - analysis
Dysbiosis - microbiology
Feces - microbiology
Female
Humans
Infant
Intensive Care Units
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Microbiota
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
Phylogeny
Physiological aspects
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - analysis
Skin - microbiology
Tongue - microbiology
title Disruption of the microbiota across multiple body sites in critically ill children
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