Assessing the exposure of street sweeping and potential risk factors for developing musculoskeletal disorders and related disabilities: a cross-sectional study
ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the exposure of those involved in street sweeping to the development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and related disabilities and tries to identify the individual risk factors thereof.DesignA cross-sectional survey was conducted among street sweepers together w...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | BMJ open 2016-12, Vol.6 (12), p.e012354-e012354 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | e012354 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 12 |
| container_start_page | e012354 |
| container_title | BMJ open |
| container_volume | 6 |
| creator | Salve, Pradeep S Chokhandre, Praveen |
| description | ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the exposure of those involved in street sweeping to the development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and related disabilities and tries to identify the individual risk factors thereof.DesignA cross-sectional survey was conducted among street sweepers together with a comparison group. A modified Standardized Nordic Questionnaire was adopted to measure the prevalence of MSDs and related disabilities. The impact of the occupation of sweeping on the development of MSDs and related disabilities was assessed using the propensity score matching (PSM) method. A multivariate logistic regression model was employed to identify the individual risk factors.ParticipantsStreet sweepers (n=180) and a comparison group (n=180), working for at least a year as formal employees of the Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM), were randomly selected from 6 municipal wards.ResultsThe prevalence of the MSDs was significantly higher among the sweepers for shoulders (32%), wrists/hands (29%), elbows (27%) and neck (17%) compared with the comparison group, in which the prevalence was 11%, 19%, 9% and 11%, respectively. The disabilities too were significantly higher among the street sweepers for the lower back (27%), upper back (27%), wrists/hands (26%), shoulders (24%) and elbows (23%) compared with the comparison group, for which the figures were 18%, 19%, 13%, 9% and 6% respectively. The PSM method highlighted that the occupation of sweeping raised the risk of developing MSDs and disabilities particularly for the shoulders (17–16%), wrists/hands (14% each), elbows (13% each) and the upper back (12–13%). After adjusting the age, body mass index and the caste of the street sweepers, the number of years of engagement in street sweeping and the location of work emerged as potential risk factors in the development of MSDs and, thereby, related disabilities.ConclusionsThe study concluded that the occupation of street sweeping raises the risk of MSDs and related disabilities. This study recommends preventive and curative measures to deal with MSDs among street sweepers. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012354 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5168656</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1852692316</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-b472t-b3566a1d09cad21383e98204e1ed97e0551f5f08662aaf996b7921cb724c13213</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNks1O3TAQhSPUChDlCSpVlrrpJhDbsRN3UQmh_klI3cDacuIJ-OLEqceB8jR91TrcW0RZ1Rtbnu8cecanKN7S6oRSLk-7cRNmmEpWUVlWlHFR7xWHrKrrUlZCvHp2PiiOETdVXrVQQrD94oA1qpUNF4fF7zNEQHTTNUk3QODXHHCJQMJAMEWARPAeYF7rZrJkDgmm5Iwn0eEtGUyfQkQyhEgs3IEPj-S4YL_4gLfgIWXWOgzRQgZXjwjeJLDrremcd8kBfiSG9DEglgh9cmHKKkyLfXhTvB6MRzje7UfF1ZfPl-ffyosfX7-fn12UXd2wVHZcSGmorVRvLKO85aDaPAGgYFUDeQp0EEPVSsmMGZSSXaMY7buG1T3lWXBUfNr6zks3gu1zl9F4PUc3mvigg3H638rkbvR1uNOCylYKmQ0-7Axi-LkAJj067MF7M0FYUNNWMKkYpyv6_gW6CUvMLa9UrWTNa9Zmim-px7lEGJ4eQyu9ZkDvMqDXDOhtBrLq3fM-njR_fzwDJ1sgq__L8Q8gpMIN</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1849643428</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Assessing the exposure of street sweeping and potential risk factors for developing musculoskeletal disorders and related disabilities: a cross-sectional study</title><source>BMJ Open Access Journals</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Salve, Pradeep S ; Chokhandre, Praveen</creator><creatorcontrib>Salve, Pradeep S ; Chokhandre, Praveen</creatorcontrib><description>ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the exposure of those involved in street sweeping to the development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and related disabilities and tries to identify the individual risk factors thereof.DesignA cross-sectional survey was conducted among street sweepers together with a comparison group. A modified Standardized Nordic Questionnaire was adopted to measure the prevalence of MSDs and related disabilities. The impact of the occupation of sweeping on the development of MSDs and related disabilities was assessed using the propensity score matching (PSM) method. A multivariate logistic regression model was employed to identify the individual risk factors.ParticipantsStreet sweepers (n=180) and a comparison group (n=180), working for at least a year as formal employees of the Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM), were randomly selected from 6 municipal wards.ResultsThe prevalence of the MSDs was significantly higher among the sweepers for shoulders (32%), wrists/hands (29%), elbows (27%) and neck (17%) compared with the comparison group, in which the prevalence was 11%, 19%, 9% and 11%, respectively. The disabilities too were significantly higher among the street sweepers for the lower back (27%), upper back (27%), wrists/hands (26%), shoulders (24%) and elbows (23%) compared with the comparison group, for which the figures were 18%, 19%, 13%, 9% and 6% respectively. The PSM method highlighted that the occupation of sweeping raised the risk of developing MSDs and disabilities particularly for the shoulders (17–16%), wrists/hands (14% each), elbows (13% each) and the upper back (12–13%). After adjusting the age, body mass index and the caste of the street sweepers, the number of years of engagement in street sweeping and the location of work emerged as potential risk factors in the development of MSDs and, thereby, related disabilities.ConclusionsThe study concluded that the occupation of street sweeping raises the risk of MSDs and related disabilities. This study recommends preventive and curative measures to deal with MSDs among street sweepers.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2044-6055</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2044-6055</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012354</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27986735</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: BMJ Publishing Group LTD</publisher><subject>Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Employees ; Humans ; India ; Job satisfaction ; Logistic Models ; Mental health ; Middle Aged ; Morbidity ; Multivariate Analysis ; Musculoskeletal diseases ; Musculoskeletal Diseases - epidemiology ; Neck - physiopathology ; Occupational and Environmental Medicine ; Occupational Diseases - epidemiology ; Population ; Propensity Score ; Questionnaires ; Risk Factors ; Sanitation ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Software ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Upper Extremity - physiopathology ; Variables ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>BMJ open, 2016-12, Vol.6 (12), p.e012354-e012354</ispartof><rights>Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing</rights><rights>Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.</rights><rights>Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/ 2016 This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/ 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b472t-b3566a1d09cad21383e98204e1ed97e0551f5f08662aaf996b7921cb724c13213</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b472t-b3566a1d09cad21383e98204e1ed97e0551f5f08662aaf996b7921cb724c13213</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6879-1246</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttp://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/6/12/e012354.full.pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Gbmj$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttp://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/6/12/e012354.full$$EHTML$$P50$$Gbmj$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,27549,27550,27924,27925,53791,53793,77601,77632</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27986735$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Salve, Pradeep S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chokhandre, Praveen</creatorcontrib><title>Assessing the exposure of street sweeping and potential risk factors for developing musculoskeletal disorders and related disabilities: a cross-sectional study</title><title>BMJ open</title><addtitle>BMJ Open</addtitle><description>ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the exposure of those involved in street sweeping to the development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and related disabilities and tries to identify the individual risk factors thereof.DesignA cross-sectional survey was conducted among street sweepers together with a comparison group. A modified Standardized Nordic Questionnaire was adopted to measure the prevalence of MSDs and related disabilities. The impact of the occupation of sweeping on the development of MSDs and related disabilities was assessed using the propensity score matching (PSM) method. A multivariate logistic regression model was employed to identify the individual risk factors.ParticipantsStreet sweepers (n=180) and a comparison group (n=180), working for at least a year as formal employees of the Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM), were randomly selected from 6 municipal wards.ResultsThe prevalence of the MSDs was significantly higher among the sweepers for shoulders (32%), wrists/hands (29%), elbows (27%) and neck (17%) compared with the comparison group, in which the prevalence was 11%, 19%, 9% and 11%, respectively. The disabilities too were significantly higher among the street sweepers for the lower back (27%), upper back (27%), wrists/hands (26%), shoulders (24%) and elbows (23%) compared with the comparison group, for which the figures were 18%, 19%, 13%, 9% and 6% respectively. The PSM method highlighted that the occupation of sweeping raised the risk of developing MSDs and disabilities particularly for the shoulders (17–16%), wrists/hands (14% each), elbows (13% each) and the upper back (12–13%). After adjusting the age, body mass index and the caste of the street sweepers, the number of years of engagement in street sweeping and the location of work emerged as potential risk factors in the development of MSDs and, thereby, related disabilities.ConclusionsThe study concluded that the occupation of street sweeping raises the risk of MSDs and related disabilities. This study recommends preventive and curative measures to deal with MSDs among street sweepers.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Employees</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>India</subject><subject>Job satisfaction</subject><subject>Logistic Models</subject><subject>Mental health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Morbidity</subject><subject>Multivariate Analysis</subject><subject>Musculoskeletal diseases</subject><subject>Musculoskeletal Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Neck - physiopathology</subject><subject>Occupational and Environmental Medicine</subject><subject>Occupational Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Propensity Score</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Sanitation</subject><subject>Socioeconomic Factors</subject><subject>Software</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Upper Extremity - physiopathology</subject><subject>Variables</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>2044-6055</issn><issn>2044-6055</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>9YT</sourceid><sourceid>ACMMV</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqNks1O3TAQhSPUChDlCSpVlrrpJhDbsRN3UQmh_klI3cDacuIJ-OLEqceB8jR91TrcW0RZ1Rtbnu8cecanKN7S6oRSLk-7cRNmmEpWUVlWlHFR7xWHrKrrUlZCvHp2PiiOETdVXrVQQrD94oA1qpUNF4fF7zNEQHTTNUk3QODXHHCJQMJAMEWARPAeYF7rZrJkDgmm5Iwn0eEtGUyfQkQyhEgs3IEPj-S4YL_4gLfgIWXWOgzRQgZXjwjeJLDrremcd8kBfiSG9DEglgh9cmHKKkyLfXhTvB6MRzje7UfF1ZfPl-ffyosfX7-fn12UXd2wVHZcSGmorVRvLKO85aDaPAGgYFUDeQp0EEPVSsmMGZSSXaMY7buG1T3lWXBUfNr6zks3gu1zl9F4PUc3mvigg3H638rkbvR1uNOCylYKmQ0-7Axi-LkAJj067MF7M0FYUNNWMKkYpyv6_gW6CUvMLa9UrWTNa9Zmim-px7lEGJ4eQyu9ZkDvMqDXDOhtBrLq3fM-njR_fzwDJ1sgq__L8Q8gpMIN</recordid><startdate>20161216</startdate><enddate>20161216</enddate><creator>Salve, Pradeep S</creator><creator>Chokhandre, Praveen</creator><general>BMJ Publishing Group LTD</general><general>BMJ Publishing Group</general><scope>9YT</scope><scope>ACMMV</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BTHHO</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6879-1246</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20161216</creationdate><title>Assessing the exposure of street sweeping and potential risk factors for developing musculoskeletal disorders and related disabilities: a cross-sectional study</title><author>Salve, Pradeep S ; Chokhandre, Praveen</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b472t-b3566a1d09cad21383e98204e1ed97e0551f5f08662aaf996b7921cb724c13213</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Employees</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>India</topic><topic>Job satisfaction</topic><topic>Logistic Models</topic><topic>Mental health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Morbidity</topic><topic>Multivariate Analysis</topic><topic>Musculoskeletal diseases</topic><topic>Musculoskeletal Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Neck - physiopathology</topic><topic>Occupational and Environmental Medicine</topic><topic>Occupational Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Population</topic><topic>Propensity Score</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Sanitation</topic><topic>Socioeconomic Factors</topic><topic>Software</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Upper Extremity - physiopathology</topic><topic>Variables</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Salve, Pradeep S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chokhandre, Praveen</creatorcontrib><collection>BMJ Open Access Journals</collection><collection>BMJ Journals:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>BMJ Journals</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Psychology Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>BMJ open</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Salve, Pradeep S</au><au>Chokhandre, Praveen</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Assessing the exposure of street sweeping and potential risk factors for developing musculoskeletal disorders and related disabilities: a cross-sectional study</atitle><jtitle>BMJ open</jtitle><addtitle>BMJ Open</addtitle><date>2016-12-16</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>6</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>e012354</spage><epage>e012354</epage><pages>e012354-e012354</pages><issn>2044-6055</issn><eissn>2044-6055</eissn><abstract>ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the exposure of those involved in street sweeping to the development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and related disabilities and tries to identify the individual risk factors thereof.DesignA cross-sectional survey was conducted among street sweepers together with a comparison group. A modified Standardized Nordic Questionnaire was adopted to measure the prevalence of MSDs and related disabilities. The impact of the occupation of sweeping on the development of MSDs and related disabilities was assessed using the propensity score matching (PSM) method. A multivariate logistic regression model was employed to identify the individual risk factors.ParticipantsStreet sweepers (n=180) and a comparison group (n=180), working for at least a year as formal employees of the Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM), were randomly selected from 6 municipal wards.ResultsThe prevalence of the MSDs was significantly higher among the sweepers for shoulders (32%), wrists/hands (29%), elbows (27%) and neck (17%) compared with the comparison group, in which the prevalence was 11%, 19%, 9% and 11%, respectively. The disabilities too were significantly higher among the street sweepers for the lower back (27%), upper back (27%), wrists/hands (26%), shoulders (24%) and elbows (23%) compared with the comparison group, for which the figures were 18%, 19%, 13%, 9% and 6% respectively. The PSM method highlighted that the occupation of sweeping raised the risk of developing MSDs and disabilities particularly for the shoulders (17–16%), wrists/hands (14% each), elbows (13% each) and the upper back (12–13%). After adjusting the age, body mass index and the caste of the street sweepers, the number of years of engagement in street sweeping and the location of work emerged as potential risk factors in the development of MSDs and, thereby, related disabilities.ConclusionsThe study concluded that the occupation of street sweeping raises the risk of MSDs and related disabilities. This study recommends preventive and curative measures to deal with MSDs among street sweepers.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BMJ Publishing Group LTD</pub><pmid>27986735</pmid><doi>10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012354</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6879-1246</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 2044-6055 |
| ispartof | BMJ open, 2016-12, Vol.6 (12), p.e012354-e012354 |
| issn | 2044-6055 2044-6055 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5168656 |
| source | BMJ Open Access Journals; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; PubMed Central Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Adult Cross-Sectional Studies Employees Humans India Job satisfaction Logistic Models Mental health Middle Aged Morbidity Multivariate Analysis Musculoskeletal diseases Musculoskeletal Diseases - epidemiology Neck - physiopathology Occupational and Environmental Medicine Occupational Diseases - epidemiology Population Propensity Score Questionnaires Risk Factors Sanitation Socioeconomic Factors Software Surveys and Questionnaires Upper Extremity - physiopathology Variables Young Adult |
| title | Assessing the exposure of street sweeping and potential risk factors for developing musculoskeletal disorders and related disabilities: a cross-sectional study |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-02T13%3A39%3A26IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Assessing%20the%20exposure%20of%20street%20sweeping%20and%20potential%20risk%20factors%20for%20developing%20musculoskeletal%20disorders%20and%20related%20disabilities:%20a%20cross-sectional%20study&rft.jtitle=BMJ%20open&rft.au=Salve,%20Pradeep%20S&rft.date=2016-12-16&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=e012354&rft.epage=e012354&rft.pages=e012354-e012354&rft.issn=2044-6055&rft.eissn=2044-6055&rft_id=info:doi/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012354&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E1852692316%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1849643428&rft_id=info:pmid/27986735&rfr_iscdi=true |