Effects of Short-Term Carbohydrate Restrictive and Conventional Hypoenergetic Diets and Resistance Training on Strength Gains and Muscle Thickness
Hypoenergetic diets and resistance training (RT) have been suggested to be important components of weight loss strategy programs; however, there is little evidence as to the chronic effects of different macronutrient compositions on strength performance and muscle mass with RT. The purpose of this s...
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description | Hypoenergetic diets and resistance training (RT) have been suggested to be important components of weight loss strategy programs; however, there is little evidence as to the chronic effects of different macronutrient compositions on strength performance and muscle mass with RT. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of carbohydrate restrictive (CRD) and conventional (CONV) diets combined with RT on strength performance and muscle thicknesses in overweight and obese participants already involved in RT programs. Twenty-one volunteers engaged in an eight-week progressive RT program three times per week were assigned to a CRD (< 30 g carbohydrate; n = 12; 30.7 ± 3.9 km·m
) or a CONV (30% energy deficit; 55%, 15% and 30% energy from carbohydrate, protein and fat, respectively; n=9; 27.7±2.5 km·m
).
At baseline and week 8, the participants underwent body composition assessment by anthropometry, measurement of muscle thickness by ultrasound, and three strength tests using isotonic equipment. Both groups had similar reductions in body mass and fat mass as well as maintenance of fat-free mass. Muscle strength increased 14 ± 6% in the CRD group (p = 0.005) and 19 ± 9% in the CONV group (p = 0.028), with no significant differences between the groups. No significant differences were detected in muscle thicknesses within or between the groups. In conclusion, hypoenergetic diets combined with RT led to significant increases in muscle strength and were capable of maintaining muscle thicknesses in the upper and lower limbs of overweight and obese participants, regardless of the carbohydrate content of the diets. |
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) or a CONV (30% energy deficit; 55%, 15% and 30% energy from carbohydrate, protein and fat, respectively; n=9; 27.7±2.5 km·m
).
At baseline and week 8, the participants underwent body composition assessment by anthropometry, measurement of muscle thickness by ultrasound, and three strength tests using isotonic equipment. Both groups had similar reductions in body mass and fat mass as well as maintenance of fat-free mass. Muscle strength increased 14 ± 6% in the CRD group (p = 0.005) and 19 ± 9% in the CONV group (p = 0.028), with no significant differences between the groups. No significant differences were detected in muscle thicknesses within or between the groups. In conclusion, hypoenergetic diets combined with RT led to significant increases in muscle strength and were capable of maintaining muscle thicknesses in the upper and lower limbs of overweight and obese participants, regardless of the carbohydrate content of the diets.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1303-2968</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1303-2968</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27928202</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Turkey: Journal of Sports Science and Medicine</publisher><subject>Body composition ; Carbohydrates ; Diet ; Exercise ; Food ; Health aspects ; Laboratories ; Low carbohydrate diet ; Medicine ; Metabolism ; Methods ; Muscle strength ; Nutrition research ; Nutritionists ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Physical fitness ; Physiological aspects ; Physiology ; Proteins ; Short term ; Strength training ; Studies ; Weight loss ; Weight training</subject><ispartof>Journal of sports science & medicine, 2016-12, Vol.15 (4), p.578-584</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 Journal of Sports Science and Medicine</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 Journal of Sports Science and Medicine</rights><rights>2016. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Journal of Sports Science and Medicine 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5131210/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5131210/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,882,53772,53774</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27928202$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Meirelles, Claudia M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gomes, Paulo S C</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of Short-Term Carbohydrate Restrictive and Conventional Hypoenergetic Diets and Resistance Training on Strength Gains and Muscle Thickness</title><title>Journal of sports science & medicine</title><addtitle>J Sports Sci Med</addtitle><description>Hypoenergetic diets and resistance training (RT) have been suggested to be important components of weight loss strategy programs; however, there is little evidence as to the chronic effects of different macronutrient compositions on strength performance and muscle mass with RT. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of carbohydrate restrictive (CRD) and conventional (CONV) diets combined with RT on strength performance and muscle thicknesses in overweight and obese participants already involved in RT programs. Twenty-one volunteers engaged in an eight-week progressive RT program three times per week were assigned to a CRD (< 30 g carbohydrate; n = 12; 30.7 ± 3.9 km·m
) or a CONV (30% energy deficit; 55%, 15% and 30% energy from carbohydrate, protein and fat, respectively; n=9; 27.7±2.5 km·m
).
At baseline and week 8, the participants underwent body composition assessment by anthropometry, measurement of muscle thickness by ultrasound, and three strength tests using isotonic equipment. Both groups had similar reductions in body mass and fat mass as well as maintenance of fat-free mass. Muscle strength increased 14 ± 6% in the CRD group (p = 0.005) and 19 ± 9% in the CONV group (p = 0.028), with no significant differences between the groups. No significant differences were detected in muscle thicknesses within or between the groups. In conclusion, hypoenergetic diets combined with RT led to significant increases in muscle strength and were capable of maintaining muscle thicknesses in the upper and lower limbs of overweight and obese participants, regardless of the carbohydrate content of the diets.</description><subject>Body composition</subject><subject>Carbohydrates</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Low carbohydrate diet</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Muscle strength</subject><subject>Nutrition research</subject><subject>Nutritionists</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Overweight</subject><subject>Physical fitness</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Short term</subject><subject>Strength training</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Weight loss</subject><subject>Weight training</subject><issn>1303-2968</issn><issn>1303-2968</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0t1qFDEUB_BBFFurryABQfRiJB_zlRuhrHVbWC2463XIZs7MpGaTbZJZ3Nfwic3SqjvSizIXGZLf-ZPk5El2ShhmOeVV8_To_yR7EcINxrQsafM8O6E1pw3F9DT7ddF1oGJArkPLwfmYr8Bv0Ez6tRv2rZcR0DcI0WsV9Q6QtC2aObsDG7Wz0qDL_daBBd9D1Ap90pCyDigV6RClVYBWXmqrbY-cRcvowfZxQPM0dye_jEGZpAatflgI4WX2rJMmwKv78Sz7_vliNbvMF9fzq9n5Iu9LRmLeMbouC1lWmBKyhqYgtODQ0k5xRWUNimNcskYqXHV1yyUvWFOysi1wWpBKsbPs413udlxvoFXpSF4asfV6I_1eOKnFdMXqQfRuJ0rCCCU4Bby7D_DudkyXJDY6KDBGWnBjEKSpGlYkWz-CFnXTEFwVib75j9640aerDoJSnhrIipr9U700ILTtXNqiOoSK8xJjXvGK8KQ-PKDS18JGK2eh02l-UvB-UpBMhJ-xl2MI4mr59dG2mS-mNn_IKmcM9CBSX2fXU__2yA8gTRyCM-Ph0YUpfH3cxL_d-_PC2W9vPvT5</recordid><startdate>201612</startdate><enddate>201612</enddate><creator>Meirelles, Claudia M</creator><creator>Gomes, Paulo S C</creator><general>Journal of Sports Science and Medicine</general><general>Uludag University</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>8GL</scope><scope>ISN</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201612</creationdate><title>Effects of Short-Term Carbohydrate Restrictive and Conventional Hypoenergetic Diets and Resistance Training on Strength Gains and Muscle Thickness</title><author>Meirelles, Claudia M ; Gomes, Paulo S C</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-g531t-f32b54a560211be841249ed2fc9c2a7ec900538ac06f7d9a9438535d40900acc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Body composition</topic><topic>Carbohydrates</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Food</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Low carbohydrate diet</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Methods</topic><topic>Muscle strength</topic><topic>Nutrition research</topic><topic>Nutritionists</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Overweight</topic><topic>Physical fitness</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Short term</topic><topic>Strength training</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Weight loss</topic><topic>Weight training</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Meirelles, Claudia M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gomes, Paulo S C</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>Gale In Context: High School</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Canada</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of sports science & medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Meirelles, Claudia M</au><au>Gomes, Paulo S C</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of Short-Term Carbohydrate Restrictive and Conventional Hypoenergetic Diets and Resistance Training on Strength Gains and Muscle Thickness</atitle><jtitle>Journal of sports science & medicine</jtitle><addtitle>J Sports Sci Med</addtitle><date>2016-12</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>578</spage><epage>584</epage><pages>578-584</pages><issn>1303-2968</issn><eissn>1303-2968</eissn><abstract>Hypoenergetic diets and resistance training (RT) have been suggested to be important components of weight loss strategy programs; however, there is little evidence as to the chronic effects of different macronutrient compositions on strength performance and muscle mass with RT. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of carbohydrate restrictive (CRD) and conventional (CONV) diets combined with RT on strength performance and muscle thicknesses in overweight and obese participants already involved in RT programs. Twenty-one volunteers engaged in an eight-week progressive RT program three times per week were assigned to a CRD (< 30 g carbohydrate; n = 12; 30.7 ± 3.9 km·m
) or a CONV (30% energy deficit; 55%, 15% and 30% energy from carbohydrate, protein and fat, respectively; n=9; 27.7±2.5 km·m
).
At baseline and week 8, the participants underwent body composition assessment by anthropometry, measurement of muscle thickness by ultrasound, and three strength tests using isotonic equipment. Both groups had similar reductions in body mass and fat mass as well as maintenance of fat-free mass. Muscle strength increased 14 ± 6% in the CRD group (p = 0.005) and 19 ± 9% in the CONV group (p = 0.028), with no significant differences between the groups. No significant differences were detected in muscle thicknesses within or between the groups. In conclusion, hypoenergetic diets combined with RT led to significant increases in muscle strength and were capable of maintaining muscle thicknesses in the upper and lower limbs of overweight and obese participants, regardless of the carbohydrate content of the diets.</abstract><cop>Turkey</cop><pub>Journal of Sports Science and Medicine</pub><pmid>27928202</pmid><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Body composition Carbohydrates Diet Exercise Food Health aspects Laboratories Low carbohydrate diet Medicine Metabolism Methods Muscle strength Nutrition research Nutritionists Obesity Overweight Physical fitness Physiological aspects Physiology Proteins Short term Strength training Studies Weight loss Weight training |
title | Effects of Short-Term Carbohydrate Restrictive and Conventional Hypoenergetic Diets and Resistance Training on Strength Gains and Muscle Thickness |
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