Whole-Genome Sequencing of Native Sheep Provides Insights into Rapid Adaptations to Extreme Environments

Global climate change has a significant effect on extreme environments and a profound influence on species survival. However, little is known of the genome-wide pattern of livestock adaptations to extreme environments over a short time frame following domestication. Sheep (Ovis aries) have become we...

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Veröffentlicht in:Molecular biology and evolution 2016-10, Vol.33 (10), p.2576-2592
Hauptverfasser: Yang, Ji, Li, Wen-Rong, Lv, Feng-Hua, He, San-Gang, Tian, Shi-Lin, Peng, Wei-Feng, Sun, Ya-Wei, Zhao, Yong-Xin, Tu, Xiao-Long, Zhang, Min, Xie, Xing-Long, Wang, Yu-Tao, Li, Jin-Quan, Liu, Yong-Gang, Shen, Zhi-Qiang, Wang, Feng, Liu, Guang-Jian, Lu, Hong-Feng, Kantanen, Juha, Han, Jian-Lin, Li, Meng-Hua, Liu, Ming-Jun
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container_end_page 2592
container_issue 10
container_start_page 2576
container_title Molecular biology and evolution
container_volume 33
creator Yang, Ji
Li, Wen-Rong
Lv, Feng-Hua
He, San-Gang
Tian, Shi-Lin
Peng, Wei-Feng
Sun, Ya-Wei
Zhao, Yong-Xin
Tu, Xiao-Long
Zhang, Min
Xie, Xing-Long
Wang, Yu-Tao
Li, Jin-Quan
Liu, Yong-Gang
Shen, Zhi-Qiang
Wang, Feng
Liu, Guang-Jian
Lu, Hong-Feng
Kantanen, Juha
Han, Jian-Lin
Li, Meng-Hua
Liu, Ming-Jun
description Global climate change has a significant effect on extreme environments and a profound influence on species survival. However, little is known of the genome-wide pattern of livestock adaptations to extreme environments over a short time frame following domestication. Sheep (Ovis aries) have become well adapted to a diverse range of agroecological zones, including certain extreme environments (e.g., plateaus and deserts), during their post-domestication (approximately 8–9 kya) migration and differentiation. Here, we generated whole-genome sequences from 77 native sheep, with an average effective sequencing depth of ∼5× for 75 samples and ∼42× for 2 samples. Comparative genomic analyses among sheep in contrasting environments, that is, plateau (>4,000 m above sea level) versus lowland (1500 m) versus low-altitude region (
doi_str_mv 10.1093/molbev/msw129
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Comparative genomic analyses among sheep in contrasting environments, that is, plateau (&gt;4,000 m above sea level) versus lowland (&lt;100 m), high-altitude region (&gt;1500 m) versus low-altitude region (&lt;1300 m), desert (&lt;10 mm average annual precipitation) versus highly humid region (&gt;600 mm), and arid zone (&lt;400 mm) versus humid zone (&gt;400 mm), detected a novel set of candidate genes as well as pathways and GO categories that are putatively associated with hypoxia responses at high altitudes and water reabsorption in arid environments. In addition, candidate genes and GO terms functionally related to energy metabolism and body size variations were identified. 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However, little is known of the genome-wide pattern of livestock adaptations to extreme environments over a short time frame following domestication. Sheep (Ovis aries) have become well adapted to a diverse range of agroecological zones, including certain extreme environments (e.g., plateaus and deserts), during their post-domestication (approximately 8–9 kya) migration and differentiation. Here, we generated whole-genome sequences from 77 native sheep, with an average effective sequencing depth of ∼5× for 75 samples and ∼42× for 2 samples. Comparative genomic analyses among sheep in contrasting environments, that is, plateau (&gt;4,000 m above sea level) versus lowland (&lt;100 m), high-altitude region (&gt;1500 m) versus low-altitude region (&lt;1300 m), desert (&lt;10 mm average annual precipitation) versus highly humid region (&gt;600 mm), and arid zone (&lt;400 mm) versus humid zone (&gt;400 mm), detected a novel set of candidate genes as well as pathways and GO categories that are putatively associated with hypoxia responses at high altitudes and water reabsorption in arid environments. In addition, candidate genes and GO terms functionally related to energy metabolism and body size variations were identified. This study offers novel insights into rapid genomic adaptations to extreme environments in sheep and other animals, and provides a valuable resource for future research on livestock breeding in response to climate change.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>27401233</pmid><doi>10.1093/molbev/msw129</doi><tpages>17</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Acclimatization - genetics
Adaptation, Physiological - genetics
Animals
Breeding
Climate
Discoveries
Environment
Extreme Environments
Genome
Genomics
High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing - methods
Phylogeny
Selection, Genetic
Sequence Analysis, DNA - methods
Sheep - genetics
title Whole-Genome Sequencing of Native Sheep Provides Insights into Rapid Adaptations to Extreme Environments
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