Intestinal adaptations to a combination of different diets with and without endurance exercise
Endurance athletes search for diet regimens that will improve performance and decrease gastrointestinal disturbances during training and events. Although the intestine can adapt to changes in the amount and composition of dietary inputs, the responses to the combination of endurance exercise and die...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2016-09, Vol.13 (1), p.35-35 |
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| creator | Daniels, Janice L Bloomer, Richard J van der Merwe, Marie Davis, Samantha L Buddington, Karyl K Buddington, Randal K |
| description | Endurance athletes search for diet regimens that will improve performance and decrease gastrointestinal disturbances during training and events. Although the intestine can adapt to changes in the amount and composition of dietary inputs, the responses to the combination of endurance exercise and diet are poorly understood.
We evaluated small intestinal dimensions and mucosal architecture and calculated the capacities of the entire small intestine to digest maltose and maltodextrin and absorb glucose in response to two different diet types; a western human diet and the Daniel Fast, a vegan style diet, and with moderate intensity endurance training or a no-exercise sedentary lifestyle for a 13 week period (n = 7 per group). The influences of diet and exercise, alone and in combination, were analyzed by analysis of variation.
Rats fed the western diet gained more weight (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1186/s12970-016-0147-6 |
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We evaluated small intestinal dimensions and mucosal architecture and calculated the capacities of the entire small intestine to digest maltose and maltodextrin and absorb glucose in response to two different diet types; a western human diet and the Daniel Fast, a vegan style diet, and with moderate intensity endurance training or a no-exercise sedentary lifestyle for a 13 week period (n = 7 per group). The influences of diet and exercise, alone and in combination, were analyzed by analysis of variation.
Rats fed the western diet gained more weight (P < 0.05) due to more fat mass (P < 0.05), with a similar response for the sedentary compared with the exercised rats in each diet group (P < 0.05). The Daniel Fast rats had longer and heavier intestines with deeper crypts with villi that were wider (P < 0.05), but not taller. Despite increased energetic demands, the exercised rats had shorter and lighter intestines with shorter villi (P < 0.05). Yet, the percentage of mucosa did not differ among groups. Total small intestinal activities for maltase and α-glucoamylase, and capacities for glucose absorption were similar regardless of diet or exercise.
These findings indicate the structural responses of the small intestine to a vegan style diet are modified by exercise, but without altering the capacities of the brush border membrane to digest and absorb carbohydrates.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1550-2783</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1550-2783</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/s12970-016-0147-6</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27651751</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: BioMed Central Ltd</publisher><subject>Adaptation, Physiological ; alpha-glucosidase ; Analysis ; Animals ; Athletes ; Diet ; Diet, Vegan ; Diet, Western ; Digestion ; exercise ; Food and nutrition ; glucose ; Glucose - metabolism ; Health aspects ; Intestine, Small - anatomy & histology ; Intestine, Small - physiology ; Male ; maltodextrins ; maltose ; Maltose - metabolism ; microvilli ; Microvilli - physiology ; Physical Endurance - physiology ; Physical Exertion ; Physical fitness ; Physiological aspects ; Polysaccharides - metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Long-Evans ; Reducing diets ; Sedentary Lifestyle ; small intestine ; Sports nutrition ; vegan diet ; villi ; Weight Gain ; Western diets</subject><ispartof>Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2016-09, Vol.13 (1), p.35-35</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 BioMed Central Ltd.</rights><rights>Copyright BioMed Central 2016</rights><rights>The Author(s). 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c592t-e09ef97c795d7578ddaaf7ec9a47006b10ac29abdae4f2e790cc456f30abf0483</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c592t-e09ef97c795d7578ddaaf7ec9a47006b10ac29abdae4f2e790cc456f30abf0483</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5024503/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5024503/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,27903,27904,53769,53771</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27651751$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Daniels, Janice L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bloomer, Richard J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Merwe, Marie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davis, Samantha L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buddington, Karyl K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buddington, Randal K</creatorcontrib><title>Intestinal adaptations to a combination of different diets with and without endurance exercise</title><title>Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition</title><addtitle>J Int Soc Sports Nutr</addtitle><description>Endurance athletes search for diet regimens that will improve performance and decrease gastrointestinal disturbances during training and events. Although the intestine can adapt to changes in the amount and composition of dietary inputs, the responses to the combination of endurance exercise and diet are poorly understood.
We evaluated small intestinal dimensions and mucosal architecture and calculated the capacities of the entire small intestine to digest maltose and maltodextrin and absorb glucose in response to two different diet types; a western human diet and the Daniel Fast, a vegan style diet, and with moderate intensity endurance training or a no-exercise sedentary lifestyle for a 13 week period (n = 7 per group). The influences of diet and exercise, alone and in combination, were analyzed by analysis of variation.
Rats fed the western diet gained more weight (P < 0.05) due to more fat mass (P < 0.05), with a similar response for the sedentary compared with the exercised rats in each diet group (P < 0.05). The Daniel Fast rats had longer and heavier intestines with deeper crypts with villi that were wider (P < 0.05), but not taller. Despite increased energetic demands, the exercised rats had shorter and lighter intestines with shorter villi (P < 0.05). Yet, the percentage of mucosa did not differ among groups. Total small intestinal activities for maltase and α-glucoamylase, and capacities for glucose absorption were similar regardless of diet or exercise.
These findings indicate the structural responses of the small intestine to a vegan style diet are modified by exercise, but without altering the capacities of the brush border membrane to digest and absorb carbohydrates.</description><subject>Adaptation, Physiological</subject><subject>alpha-glucosidase</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Athletes</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Diet, Vegan</subject><subject>Diet, Western</subject><subject>Digestion</subject><subject>exercise</subject><subject>Food and nutrition</subject><subject>glucose</subject><subject>Glucose - metabolism</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Intestine, Small - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Intestine, Small - physiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>maltodextrins</subject><subject>maltose</subject><subject>Maltose - metabolism</subject><subject>microvilli</subject><subject>Microvilli - physiology</subject><subject>Physical Endurance - physiology</subject><subject>Physical Exertion</subject><subject>Physical fitness</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Polysaccharides - metabolism</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Long-Evans</subject><subject>Reducing diets</subject><subject>Sedentary Lifestyle</subject><subject>small intestine</subject><subject>Sports nutrition</subject><subject>vegan diet</subject><subject>villi</subject><subject>Weight Gain</subject><subject>Western diets</subject><issn>1550-2783</issn><issn>1550-2783</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkm1rFDEQxxdRbK1-AN_IgiD1xdYkm4fNm0IpVQ8Kgg9vDXPZyV3KXnJuslq_vbm7Wu9EkBAyTH7_YZj5V9VzSs4o7eSbRJlWpCFUlstVIx9Ux1QI0jDVtQ_34qPqSUo3hLScKPa4OmJKCqoEPa6-zkLGlH2AoYYe1hmyjyHVOdZQ27ial59Npo6u7r1zOGLIJcKc6h8-L2sI_TaIU64x9NMIwWKNtzhan_Bp9cjBkPDZ3XtSfXl79fnyfXP94d3s8uK6sUKz3CDR6LSySoteCdX1PYBTaDVwRYicUwKWaZj3gNwxVJpYy4V0LYG5I7xrT6rzXd31NF9hb0uTIwxmPfoVjD9NBG8Of4JfmkX8bgRhXJC2FDi9KzDGb1OZiFn5ZHEYIGCckmG0pZ3mXdf9F6UdY1wqLVlBX_6F3sRpLLPeUkLLVrbqD7WAAY0PLpYW7aaoueCSl51Ruenw7B9UOT2uvI0BnS_5A8HrA0FhMt7mBUwpmdmnj4fsqz12iTDkZYrDtDXDIUh3oB1jSiO6-xlTYjamNDtTmmJKszGlkUXzYn8594rfLmx_AeCK24g</recordid><startdate>20160914</startdate><enddate>20160914</enddate><creator>Daniels, Janice L</creator><creator>Bloomer, Richard J</creator><creator>van der Merwe, Marie</creator><creator>Davis, Samantha L</creator><creator>Buddington, Karyl K</creator><creator>Buddington, Randal K</creator><general>BioMed Central Ltd</general><general>Taylor & Francis Ltd</general><general>BioMed Central</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RQ</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160914</creationdate><title>Intestinal adaptations to a combination of different diets with and without endurance exercise</title><author>Daniels, Janice L ; Bloomer, Richard J ; van der Merwe, Marie ; Davis, Samantha L ; Buddington, Karyl K ; Buddington, Randal K</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c592t-e09ef97c795d7578ddaaf7ec9a47006b10ac29abdae4f2e790cc456f30abf0483</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Adaptation, Physiological</topic><topic>alpha-glucosidase</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Athletes</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Diet, Vegan</topic><topic>Diet, Western</topic><topic>Digestion</topic><topic>exercise</topic><topic>Food and nutrition</topic><topic>glucose</topic><topic>Glucose - metabolism</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Intestine, Small - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Intestine, Small - physiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>maltodextrins</topic><topic>maltose</topic><topic>Maltose - metabolism</topic><topic>microvilli</topic><topic>Microvilli - physiology</topic><topic>Physical Endurance - physiology</topic><topic>Physical Exertion</topic><topic>Physical fitness</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Polysaccharides - metabolism</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Long-Evans</topic><topic>Reducing diets</topic><topic>Sedentary Lifestyle</topic><topic>small intestine</topic><topic>Sports nutrition</topic><topic>vegan diet</topic><topic>villi</topic><topic>Weight Gain</topic><topic>Western diets</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Daniels, Janice L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bloomer, Richard J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Merwe, Marie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davis, Samantha L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buddington, Karyl K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buddington, Randal K</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Career & Technical Education Database</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>AGRICOLA</collection><collection>AGRICOLA - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Daniels, Janice L</au><au>Bloomer, Richard J</au><au>van der Merwe, Marie</au><au>Davis, Samantha L</au><au>Buddington, Karyl K</au><au>Buddington, Randal K</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Intestinal adaptations to a combination of different diets with and without endurance exercise</atitle><jtitle>Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition</jtitle><addtitle>J Int Soc Sports Nutr</addtitle><date>2016-09-14</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>35</spage><epage>35</epage><pages>35-35</pages><issn>1550-2783</issn><eissn>1550-2783</eissn><abstract>Endurance athletes search for diet regimens that will improve performance and decrease gastrointestinal disturbances during training and events. Although the intestine can adapt to changes in the amount and composition of dietary inputs, the responses to the combination of endurance exercise and diet are poorly understood.
We evaluated small intestinal dimensions and mucosal architecture and calculated the capacities of the entire small intestine to digest maltose and maltodextrin and absorb glucose in response to two different diet types; a western human diet and the Daniel Fast, a vegan style diet, and with moderate intensity endurance training or a no-exercise sedentary lifestyle for a 13 week period (n = 7 per group). The influences of diet and exercise, alone and in combination, were analyzed by analysis of variation.
Rats fed the western diet gained more weight (P < 0.05) due to more fat mass (P < 0.05), with a similar response for the sedentary compared with the exercised rats in each diet group (P < 0.05). The Daniel Fast rats had longer and heavier intestines with deeper crypts with villi that were wider (P < 0.05), but not taller. Despite increased energetic demands, the exercised rats had shorter and lighter intestines with shorter villi (P < 0.05). Yet, the percentage of mucosa did not differ among groups. Total small intestinal activities for maltase and α-glucoamylase, and capacities for glucose absorption were similar regardless of diet or exercise.
These findings indicate the structural responses of the small intestine to a vegan style diet are modified by exercise, but without altering the capacities of the brush border membrane to digest and absorb carbohydrates.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>BioMed Central Ltd</pub><pmid>27651751</pmid><doi>10.1186/s12970-016-0147-6</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adaptation, Physiological alpha-glucosidase Analysis Animals Athletes Diet Diet, Vegan Diet, Western Digestion exercise Food and nutrition glucose Glucose - metabolism Health aspects Intestine, Small - anatomy & histology Intestine, Small - physiology Male maltodextrins maltose Maltose - metabolism microvilli Microvilli - physiology Physical Endurance - physiology Physical Exertion Physical fitness Physiological aspects Polysaccharides - metabolism Rats Rats, Long-Evans Reducing diets Sedentary Lifestyle small intestine Sports nutrition vegan diet villi Weight Gain Western diets |
| title | Intestinal adaptations to a combination of different diets with and without endurance exercise |
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