Global Epidemiology of HIV Among Women and Girls Who Use or Inject Drugs: Current Knowledge and Limitations of Existing Data
BACKGROUND:Women and girls who use and inject drugs are a critical population at risk of HIV. In this article, we review data on the epidemiology of drug use and injection among women globally and HIV prevalence among women and girls who use and inject drugs. RESULTS:Women and girls comprise one-thi...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 2015-06, Vol.69 Suppl 1 (Supplement 2), p.S100-S109 |
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container_title | Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) |
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creator | Larney, Sarah Mathers, Bradley M Poteat, Tonia Kamarulzaman, Adeeba Degenhardt, Louisa |
description | BACKGROUND:Women and girls who use and inject drugs are a critical population at risk of HIV. In this article, we review data on the epidemiology of drug use and injection among women globally and HIV prevalence among women and girls who use and inject drugs.
RESULTS:Women and girls comprise one-third of people who use and inject drugs globally. There is substantial variation in HIV prevalence in this population, between and within countries. There is a pronounced lack of data examining HIV risk among particularly vulnerable subpopulations of women who use and inject drugs, including women who have sex with women, transgender women, racial and ethnic minority women, and young women. Women who use and inject drugs experience stigma and discrimination that affect access to services, and high levels of sexual risk exposures.
CONCLUSIONS:There are significant gaps in our understanding of the epidemiology of drug use and injecting among women and girls and HIV risk and prevalence in this population. Women are frequently underrepresented in studies of drug use and HIV risk and prevalence among people who inject drugs, limiting our understanding of possible sex differences in this population. Most research originates from developed countries and may not be generalizable to other settings. A great deal of work is needed to improve understanding of HIV among particularly vulnerable subpopulations, such as transgender women who use drugs. Better data are critical to efforts to advocate for the needs of women and girls who use and inject drugs. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000623 |
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RESULTS:Women and girls comprise one-third of people who use and inject drugs globally. There is substantial variation in HIV prevalence in this population, between and within countries. There is a pronounced lack of data examining HIV risk among particularly vulnerable subpopulations of women who use and inject drugs, including women who have sex with women, transgender women, racial and ethnic minority women, and young women. Women who use and inject drugs experience stigma and discrimination that affect access to services, and high levels of sexual risk exposures.
CONCLUSIONS:There are significant gaps in our understanding of the epidemiology of drug use and injecting among women and girls and HIV risk and prevalence in this population. Women are frequently underrepresented in studies of drug use and HIV risk and prevalence among people who inject drugs, limiting our understanding of possible sex differences in this population. Most research originates from developed countries and may not be generalizable to other settings. A great deal of work is needed to improve understanding of HIV among particularly vulnerable subpopulations, such as transgender women who use drugs. Better data are critical to efforts to advocate for the needs of women and girls who use and inject drugs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1525-4135</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1944-7884</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000623</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25978476</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JDSRET</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Copyright Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved</publisher><subject>Drug use ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Global Health ; Health education ; HIV ; HIV Infections - epidemiology ; HIV Infections - etiology ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Humans ; Injections ; Prevalence ; Risk exposure ; Risk Factors ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous - complications ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous - epidemiology ; Womens health</subject><ispartof>Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2015-06, Vol.69 Suppl 1 (Supplement 2), p.S100-S109</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Jun 1, 2015</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4175-528cbbabb8d308fcb487c568b7baad327b37d236f14bf6145e07ea2a8b6328bd3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf><![CDATA[$$Uhttp://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&PDF=y&D=ovft&AN=00126334-201506011-00005$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwolterskluwer$$H]]></linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttp://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&NEWS=n&CSC=Y&PAGE=fulltext&D=ovft&AN=00126334-201506011-00005$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwolterskluwer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,4609,27924,27925,64666,65461</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25978476$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Larney, Sarah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mathers, Bradley M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poteat, Tonia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kamarulzaman, Adeeba</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Degenhardt, Louisa</creatorcontrib><title>Global Epidemiology of HIV Among Women and Girls Who Use or Inject Drugs: Current Knowledge and Limitations of Existing Data</title><title>Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)</title><addtitle>J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr</addtitle><description>BACKGROUND:Women and girls who use and inject drugs are a critical population at risk of HIV. In this article, we review data on the epidemiology of drug use and injection among women globally and HIV prevalence among women and girls who use and inject drugs.
RESULTS:Women and girls comprise one-third of people who use and inject drugs globally. There is substantial variation in HIV prevalence in this population, between and within countries. There is a pronounced lack of data examining HIV risk among particularly vulnerable subpopulations of women who use and inject drugs, including women who have sex with women, transgender women, racial and ethnic minority women, and young women. Women who use and inject drugs experience stigma and discrimination that affect access to services, and high levels of sexual risk exposures.
CONCLUSIONS:There are significant gaps in our understanding of the epidemiology of drug use and injecting among women and girls and HIV risk and prevalence in this population. Women are frequently underrepresented in studies of drug use and HIV risk and prevalence among people who inject drugs, limiting our understanding of possible sex differences in this population. Most research originates from developed countries and may not be generalizable to other settings. A great deal of work is needed to improve understanding of HIV among particularly vulnerable subpopulations, such as transgender women who use drugs. Better data are critical to efforts to advocate for the needs of women and girls who use and inject drugs.</description><subject>Drug use</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Global Health</subject><subject>Health education</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>HIV Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>HIV Infections - etiology</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Injections</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Risk exposure</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Substance Abuse, Intravenous - complications</subject><subject>Substance Abuse, Intravenous - epidemiology</subject><subject>Womens health</subject><issn>1525-4135</issn><issn>1944-7884</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkV1rFDEUhgdRbK3-A5GAN95MzXcyXgjLdrtdXBDB2suQzGRms2YmazLjtuCPN2trrc1NAnneh3N4i-I1gqcIVuL9l9nqFD48HJMnxTGqKC2FlPRpfjPMSooIOypepLSFEHFKq-fFEWaVkFTw4-LX0gejPVjsXGN7F3zobkBowcXqG5j1YejAVejtAPTQgKWLPoGrTQCXyYIQwWrY2noEZ3Hq0gcwn2K0wwg-DWHvbdPZP6G1692oRxeGdPAurl0aXdae6VG_LJ612if76u4-KS7PF1_nF-X683I1n63LmiLBSoZlbYw2RjYEyrY2VIqacWmE0bohWBgiGkx4i6hpOaLMQmE11tJwgqVpyEnx8da7m0xvmzpPGbVXu-h6HW9U0E79_zO4jerCT8UgJgyjLHh3J4jhx2TTqHqXauu9HmyYkkK8QlgySFhG3z5Ct2GKQ14vUxlBEsIqU_SWqmNIKdr2fhgE1aFeletVj-vNsTcPF7kP_e3zn3cf_Ghj-u6nvY1qY7UfN9mHMCeElhgiBjlEqDyYGfkNEWiwXQ</recordid><startdate>20150601</startdate><enddate>20150601</enddate><creator>Larney, Sarah</creator><creator>Mathers, Bradley M</creator><creator>Poteat, Tonia</creator><creator>Kamarulzaman, Adeeba</creator><creator>Degenhardt, Louisa</creator><general>Copyright Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved</general><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ovid Technologies</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150601</creationdate><title>Global Epidemiology of HIV Among Women and Girls Who Use or Inject Drugs: Current Knowledge and Limitations of Existing Data</title><author>Larney, Sarah ; Mathers, Bradley M ; Poteat, Tonia ; Kamarulzaman, Adeeba ; Degenhardt, Louisa</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4175-528cbbabb8d308fcb487c568b7baad327b37d236f14bf6145e07ea2a8b6328bd3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Drug use</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Global Health</topic><topic>Health education</topic><topic>HIV</topic><topic>HIV Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>HIV Infections - etiology</topic><topic>Human immunodeficiency virus</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Injections</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Risk exposure</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Substance Abuse, Intravenous - complications</topic><topic>Substance Abuse, Intravenous - epidemiology</topic><topic>Womens health</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Larney, Sarah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mathers, Bradley M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poteat, Tonia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kamarulzaman, Adeeba</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Degenhardt, Louisa</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Risk Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Larney, Sarah</au><au>Mathers, Bradley M</au><au>Poteat, Tonia</au><au>Kamarulzaman, Adeeba</au><au>Degenhardt, Louisa</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Global Epidemiology of HIV Among Women and Girls Who Use or Inject Drugs: Current Knowledge and Limitations of Existing Data</atitle><jtitle>Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)</jtitle><addtitle>J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr</addtitle><date>2015-06-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>69 Suppl 1</volume><issue>Supplement 2</issue><spage>S100</spage><epage>S109</epage><pages>S100-S109</pages><issn>1525-4135</issn><eissn>1944-7884</eissn><coden>JDSRET</coden><abstract>BACKGROUND:Women and girls who use and inject drugs are a critical population at risk of HIV. In this article, we review data on the epidemiology of drug use and injection among women globally and HIV prevalence among women and girls who use and inject drugs.
RESULTS:Women and girls comprise one-third of people who use and inject drugs globally. There is substantial variation in HIV prevalence in this population, between and within countries. There is a pronounced lack of data examining HIV risk among particularly vulnerable subpopulations of women who use and inject drugs, including women who have sex with women, transgender women, racial and ethnic minority women, and young women. Women who use and inject drugs experience stigma and discrimination that affect access to services, and high levels of sexual risk exposures.
CONCLUSIONS:There are significant gaps in our understanding of the epidemiology of drug use and injecting among women and girls and HIV risk and prevalence in this population. Women are frequently underrepresented in studies of drug use and HIV risk and prevalence among people who inject drugs, limiting our understanding of possible sex differences in this population. Most research originates from developed countries and may not be generalizable to other settings. A great deal of work is needed to improve understanding of HIV among particularly vulnerable subpopulations, such as transgender women who use drugs. Better data are critical to efforts to advocate for the needs of women and girls who use and inject drugs.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Copyright Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved</pub><pmid>25978476</pmid><doi>10.1097/QAI.0000000000000623</doi></addata></record> |
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source | MEDLINE; Journals@Ovid LWW Legacy Archive; Journals@Ovid Complete; Free E- Journals |
subjects | Drug use Epidemiology Female Global Health Health education HIV HIV Infections - epidemiology HIV Infections - etiology Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Injections Prevalence Risk exposure Risk Factors Substance Abuse, Intravenous - complications Substance Abuse, Intravenous - epidemiology Womens health |
title | Global Epidemiology of HIV Among Women and Girls Who Use or Inject Drugs: Current Knowledge and Limitations of Existing Data |
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