Adequacy of Current State Setbacks for Directional High-Volume Hydraulic Fracturing in the Marcellus, Barnett, and Niobrara Shale Plays
There is an increasing awareness of the multiple potential pathways leading to human health risks from hydraulic fracturing. Setback distances are a legislative method to mitigate potential risks. We attempted to determine whether legal setback distances between well-pad sites and the public are ade...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental health perspectives 2016-09, Vol.124 (9), p.1323-1333 |
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| creator | Haley, Marsha McCawley, Michael Epstein, Anne C Arrington, Bob Bjerke, Elizabeth Ferrell |
| description | There is an increasing awareness of the multiple potential pathways leading to human health risks from hydraulic fracturing. Setback distances are a legislative method to mitigate potential risks.
We attempted to determine whether legal setback distances between well-pad sites and the public are adequate in three shale plays.
We reviewed geography, current statutes and regulations, evacuations, thermal modeling, air pollution studies, and vapor cloud modeling within the Marcellus, Barnett, and Niobrara Shale Plays.
The evidence suggests that presently utilized setbacks may leave the public vulnerable to explosions, radiant heat, toxic gas clouds, and air pollution from hydraulic fracturing activities.
Our results suggest that setbacks may not be sufficient to reduce potential threats to human health in areas where hydraulic fracturing occurs. It is more likely that a combination of reasonable setbacks with controls for other sources of pollution associated with the process will be required.
Haley M, McCawley M, Epstein AC, Arrington B, Bjerke EF. 2016. Adequacy of current state setbacks for directional high-volume hydraulic fracturing in the Marcellus, Barnett, and Niobrara Shale Plays. Environ Health Perspect 124:1323-1333; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510547. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1289/ehp.1510547 |
| format | Article |
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We attempted to determine whether legal setback distances between well-pad sites and the public are adequate in three shale plays.
We reviewed geography, current statutes and regulations, evacuations, thermal modeling, air pollution studies, and vapor cloud modeling within the Marcellus, Barnett, and Niobrara Shale Plays.
The evidence suggests that presently utilized setbacks may leave the public vulnerable to explosions, radiant heat, toxic gas clouds, and air pollution from hydraulic fracturing activities.
Our results suggest that setbacks may not be sufficient to reduce potential threats to human health in areas where hydraulic fracturing occurs. It is more likely that a combination of reasonable setbacks with controls for other sources of pollution associated with the process will be required.
Haley M, McCawley M, Epstein AC, Arrington B, Bjerke EF. 2016. Adequacy of current state setbacks for directional high-volume hydraulic fracturing in the Marcellus, Barnett, and Niobrara Shale Plays. Environ Health Perspect 124:1323-1333; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510547.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0091-6765</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1552-9924</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1510547</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26895553</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</publisher><subject>Air Pollution - adverse effects ; Air Pollution - analysis ; Colorado ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Hydraulic Fracking - legislation & jurisprudence ; Hydraulic fracturing ; Laws, regulations and rules ; Models, Theoretical ; Oil wells ; Pennsylvania ; Public Health - legislation & jurisprudence ; Review ; Shale ; Texas</subject><ispartof>Environmental health perspectives, 2016-09, Vol.124 (9), p.1323-1333</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c585t-eb2380e68939388c0baa5cb5fa52a2cf8eda4f7d28024c47fd179e961cf1d563</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c585t-eb2380e68939388c0baa5cb5fa52a2cf8eda4f7d28024c47fd179e961cf1d563</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5010420/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5010420/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26895553$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Haley, Marsha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McCawley, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Epstein, Anne C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arrington, Bob</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bjerke, Elizabeth Ferrell</creatorcontrib><title>Adequacy of Current State Setbacks for Directional High-Volume Hydraulic Fracturing in the Marcellus, Barnett, and Niobrara Shale Plays</title><title>Environmental health perspectives</title><addtitle>Environ Health Perspect</addtitle><description>There is an increasing awareness of the multiple potential pathways leading to human health risks from hydraulic fracturing. Setback distances are a legislative method to mitigate potential risks.
We attempted to determine whether legal setback distances between well-pad sites and the public are adequate in three shale plays.
We reviewed geography, current statutes and regulations, evacuations, thermal modeling, air pollution studies, and vapor cloud modeling within the Marcellus, Barnett, and Niobrara Shale Plays.
The evidence suggests that presently utilized setbacks may leave the public vulnerable to explosions, radiant heat, toxic gas clouds, and air pollution from hydraulic fracturing activities.
Our results suggest that setbacks may not be sufficient to reduce potential threats to human health in areas where hydraulic fracturing occurs. It is more likely that a combination of reasonable setbacks with controls for other sources of pollution associated with the process will be required.
Haley M, McCawley M, Epstein AC, Arrington B, Bjerke EF. 2016. Adequacy of current state setbacks for directional high-volume hydraulic fracturing in the Marcellus, Barnett, and Niobrara Shale Plays. Environ Health Perspect 124:1323-1333; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510547.</description><subject>Air Pollution - adverse effects</subject><subject>Air Pollution - analysis</subject><subject>Colorado</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hydraulic Fracking - legislation & jurisprudence</subject><subject>Hydraulic fracturing</subject><subject>Laws, regulations and rules</subject><subject>Models, Theoretical</subject><subject>Oil wells</subject><subject>Pennsylvania</subject><subject>Public Health - legislation & jurisprudence</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Shale</subject><subject>Texas</subject><issn>0091-6765</issn><issn>1552-9924</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkl1rFDEUhgdR7LZ65b0EBKHYWZPMZHbmRlhX6xaqFbf0NpzJnMxE52NNMuL-Av-2KVtLB_ZCzkXg5Dkv5-ONoheMzhnPi7fYbOdMMCrSxaNoxoTgcVHw9HE0o7RgcbbIxFF07Nx3SinLs-xpdMSzvBBCJLPoz7LCnyOoHRk0WY3WYu_JxoNHskFfgvrhiB4s-WAsKm-GHlqyNnUT3wzt2CFZ7yoLY2sUObeg_GhNXxPTE98g-QxWYduO7oy8B9uj92cE-op8MUNpwQLZNNAi-drCzj2LnmhoHT6_e0-i6_OP16t1fHn16WK1vIyVyIWPseRJTjG0nxRJnitaAghVCg2CA1c6xwpSvah4Tnmq0oWu2KLAImNKs0pkyUn0bi-7HcsOKxWmtdDKrTUd2J0cwMjpT28aWQ-_pKCMppwGgVd7gTq0Lk2vh4Cpzjgll2mW8IJTwQMVH6Bq7DFoDj1qE9ITfn6AD1FhZ9TBgtNJQWA8_vY1jM7Ji823_2evbqbs6wdsg9D6xoVL317eTcE3e1DZwTmL-n6HjMpbW8pgS3lny0C_fLj2e_afD5O_3q_cUA</recordid><startdate>20160901</startdate><enddate>20160901</enddate><creator>Haley, Marsha</creator><creator>McCawley, Michael</creator><creator>Epstein, Anne C</creator><creator>Arrington, Bob</creator><creator>Bjerke, Elizabeth Ferrell</creator><general>National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160901</creationdate><title>Adequacy of Current State Setbacks for Directional High-Volume Hydraulic Fracturing in the Marcellus, Barnett, and Niobrara Shale Plays</title><author>Haley, Marsha ; McCawley, Michael ; Epstein, Anne C ; Arrington, Bob ; Bjerke, Elizabeth Ferrell</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c585t-eb2380e68939388c0baa5cb5fa52a2cf8eda4f7d28024c47fd179e961cf1d563</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Air Pollution - adverse effects</topic><topic>Air Pollution - analysis</topic><topic>Colorado</topic><topic>Environmental Monitoring</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hydraulic Fracking - legislation & jurisprudence</topic><topic>Hydraulic fracturing</topic><topic>Laws, regulations and rules</topic><topic>Models, Theoretical</topic><topic>Oil wells</topic><topic>Pennsylvania</topic><topic>Public Health - legislation & jurisprudence</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>Shale</topic><topic>Texas</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Haley, Marsha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McCawley, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Epstein, Anne C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arrington, Bob</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bjerke, Elizabeth Ferrell</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Environmental health perspectives</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Haley, Marsha</au><au>McCawley, Michael</au><au>Epstein, Anne C</au><au>Arrington, Bob</au><au>Bjerke, Elizabeth Ferrell</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Adequacy of Current State Setbacks for Directional High-Volume Hydraulic Fracturing in the Marcellus, Barnett, and Niobrara Shale Plays</atitle><jtitle>Environmental health perspectives</jtitle><addtitle>Environ Health Perspect</addtitle><date>2016-09-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>124</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>1323</spage><epage>1333</epage><pages>1323-1333</pages><issn>0091-6765</issn><eissn>1552-9924</eissn><abstract>There is an increasing awareness of the multiple potential pathways leading to human health risks from hydraulic fracturing. Setback distances are a legislative method to mitigate potential risks.
We attempted to determine whether legal setback distances between well-pad sites and the public are adequate in three shale plays.
We reviewed geography, current statutes and regulations, evacuations, thermal modeling, air pollution studies, and vapor cloud modeling within the Marcellus, Barnett, and Niobrara Shale Plays.
The evidence suggests that presently utilized setbacks may leave the public vulnerable to explosions, radiant heat, toxic gas clouds, and air pollution from hydraulic fracturing activities.
Our results suggest that setbacks may not be sufficient to reduce potential threats to human health in areas where hydraulic fracturing occurs. It is more likely that a combination of reasonable setbacks with controls for other sources of pollution associated with the process will be required.
Haley M, McCawley M, Epstein AC, Arrington B, Bjerke EF. 2016. Adequacy of current state setbacks for directional high-volume hydraulic fracturing in the Marcellus, Barnett, and Niobrara Shale Plays. Environ Health Perspect 124:1323-1333; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510547.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</pub><pmid>26895553</pmid><doi>10.1289/ehp.1510547</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Air Pollution - adverse effects Air Pollution - analysis Colorado Environmental Monitoring Humans Hydraulic Fracking - legislation & jurisprudence Hydraulic fracturing Laws, regulations and rules Models, Theoretical Oil wells Pennsylvania Public Health - legislation & jurisprudence Review Shale Texas |
| title | Adequacy of Current State Setbacks for Directional High-Volume Hydraulic Fracturing in the Marcellus, Barnett, and Niobrara Shale Plays |
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