Evaluation of several ionic liquids for in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches by locally-produced cellulase
Lignocellulosic biomasses, exhibit resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis due to the presence of lignin and hemicellulose. Ionic liquids proved their applicability in lignin degradation, however, ionic liquid removal has to be performed to proceed to hydrolysis. Therefore, this study reports an in situ...
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| creator | Elgharbawy, Amal Ahmed Alam, Md. Zahangir Kabbashi, Nassereldeen Ahmad Moniruzzaman, Muhammad Jamal, Parveen |
| description | Lignocellulosic biomasses, exhibit resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis due to the presence of lignin and hemicellulose. Ionic liquids proved their applicability in lignin degradation, however, ionic liquid removal has to be performed to proceed to hydrolysis. Therefore, this study reports an in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches (EFB) that combined an ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. For enzyme production, palm kernel cake (PKC) was used as the primary media for microbial cellulase (PKC-Cel) from
Trichoderma reesei
(RUTC30). The obtained enzyme exhibited a promising stability in several ionic liquids. Among few, in choline acetate [Cho]OAc, PKC-Cel retained 63.16 % of the initial activity after 6 h and lost only 10 % of its activity in 10 % IL/buffer mixture. Upon the confirmation of the PKC-Cel stability, EFB was subjected to IL-pretreatment followed by hydrolysis in a single step without further removal of the IL. The findings revealed that choline acetate [Cho]OAc and choline butyrate [Cho]Bu were among the best ILs used in the study since 0.332 ± 0.05 g glucose/g and 0.565 ± 0.08 g total reducing sugar/g EFB were obtained after 24 h of enzymatic hydrolysis. Compared to the untreated EFB, the amount of reducing sugar obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis increased by three-fold in the case of [Cho]OAc and [Cho]Bu, two-fold with [EMIM]OAc and phosphate-based ILs whereas the lowest concentration was obtained in [TBPH]OAc. Pretreatment of EFB with [Cho]OAc and [Cho]Bu showed significant differences in the morphology of EFB samples when observed with SEM. Analysis of the lignin, hemicellulose and hemicellulose showed that the total lignin content from the raw EFB was reduced from 37.8 ± 0.6 to 25.81 ± 0.35 % (w/w) upon employment of [Cho]OAc in the compatible system. The PKC-Cel from
T. reesei
(RUTC30) exhibited promising characteristics that need to be investigated further towards a single-step process for bioethanol production. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s13205-016-0440-8 |
| format | Article |
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Trichoderma reesei
(RUTC30). The obtained enzyme exhibited a promising stability in several ionic liquids. Among few, in choline acetate [Cho]OAc, PKC-Cel retained 63.16 % of the initial activity after 6 h and lost only 10 % of its activity in 10 % IL/buffer mixture. Upon the confirmation of the PKC-Cel stability, EFB was subjected to IL-pretreatment followed by hydrolysis in a single step without further removal of the IL. The findings revealed that choline acetate [Cho]OAc and choline butyrate [Cho]Bu were among the best ILs used in the study since 0.332 ± 0.05 g glucose/g and 0.565 ± 0.08 g total reducing sugar/g EFB were obtained after 24 h of enzymatic hydrolysis. Compared to the untreated EFB, the amount of reducing sugar obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis increased by three-fold in the case of [Cho]OAc and [Cho]Bu, two-fold with [EMIM]OAc and phosphate-based ILs whereas the lowest concentration was obtained in [TBPH]OAc. Pretreatment of EFB with [Cho]OAc and [Cho]Bu showed significant differences in the morphology of EFB samples when observed with SEM. Analysis of the lignin, hemicellulose and hemicellulose showed that the total lignin content from the raw EFB was reduced from 37.8 ± 0.6 to 25.81 ± 0.35 % (w/w) upon employment of [Cho]OAc in the compatible system. The PKC-Cel from
T. reesei
(RUTC30) exhibited promising characteristics that need to be investigated further towards a single-step process for bioethanol production.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2190-572X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2190-5738</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0440-8</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28330203</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Agriculture ; Bioinformatics ; Biomass ; Biomaterials ; Biotechnology ; Cancer Research ; Cellulase ; Cellulose ; Chemistry ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; Environmental impact ; Enzymes ; Hypocrea jecorina ; Lignin ; Lignocellulose ; Membrane separation ; Original ; Original Article ; Stem Cells ; Sugar</subject><ispartof>3 Biotech, 2016-12, Vol.6 (2), p.128-15, Article 128</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2016</rights><rights>3 Biotech is a copyright of Springer, 2016.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c569t-943cec66ce5cc136fb0c434c7496f457e35965749c393cf6f567eb956c69d8ae3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c569t-943cec66ce5cc136fb0c434c7496f457e35965749c393cf6f567eb956c69d8ae3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4909025/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4909025/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27923,27924,41487,42556,51318,53790,53792</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28330203$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Elgharbawy, Amal Ahmed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alam, Md. Zahangir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kabbashi, Nassereldeen Ahmad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moniruzzaman, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jamal, Parveen</creatorcontrib><title>Evaluation of several ionic liquids for in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches by locally-produced cellulase</title><title>3 Biotech</title><addtitle>3 Biotech</addtitle><addtitle>3 Biotech</addtitle><description>Lignocellulosic biomasses, exhibit resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis due to the presence of lignin and hemicellulose. Ionic liquids proved their applicability in lignin degradation, however, ionic liquid removal has to be performed to proceed to hydrolysis. Therefore, this study reports an in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches (EFB) that combined an ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. For enzyme production, palm kernel cake (PKC) was used as the primary media for microbial cellulase (PKC-Cel) from
Trichoderma reesei
(RUTC30). The obtained enzyme exhibited a promising stability in several ionic liquids. Among few, in choline acetate [Cho]OAc, PKC-Cel retained 63.16 % of the initial activity after 6 h and lost only 10 % of its activity in 10 % IL/buffer mixture. Upon the confirmation of the PKC-Cel stability, EFB was subjected to IL-pretreatment followed by hydrolysis in a single step without further removal of the IL. The findings revealed that choline acetate [Cho]OAc and choline butyrate [Cho]Bu were among the best ILs used in the study since 0.332 ± 0.05 g glucose/g and 0.565 ± 0.08 g total reducing sugar/g EFB were obtained after 24 h of enzymatic hydrolysis. Compared to the untreated EFB, the amount of reducing sugar obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis increased by three-fold in the case of [Cho]OAc and [Cho]Bu, two-fold with [EMIM]OAc and phosphate-based ILs whereas the lowest concentration was obtained in [TBPH]OAc. Pretreatment of EFB with [Cho]OAc and [Cho]Bu showed significant differences in the morphology of EFB samples when observed with SEM. Analysis of the lignin, hemicellulose and hemicellulose showed that the total lignin content from the raw EFB was reduced from 37.8 ± 0.6 to 25.81 ± 0.35 % (w/w) upon employment of [Cho]OAc in the compatible system. The PKC-Cel from
T. reesei
(RUTC30) exhibited promising characteristics that need to be investigated further towards a single-step process for bioethanol production.</description><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Bioinformatics</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>Biomaterials</subject><subject>Biotechnology</subject><subject>Cancer Research</subject><subject>Cellulase</subject><subject>Cellulose</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Chemistry and Materials Science</subject><subject>Environmental impact</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Hypocrea jecorina</subject><subject>Lignin</subject><subject>Lignocellulose</subject><subject>Membrane separation</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Stem Cells</subject><subject>Sugar</subject><issn>2190-572X</issn><issn>2190-5738</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU2LFDEQhoMo7rLuD_AiAS9eWvPdyUWQZf2ABS8K3kI6Xb2TJdOZTToD_e83w6zDKgjmkhT11FtVeRF6Tcl7Skj_oVDOiOwIVR0RgnT6GTpn1JBO9lw_P73ZrzN0WcodaUdSaSh5ic6Y5pwwws9Rut67WN0S0ozThAvsIbuIWxg8juG-hrHgKWUcZlzCUvFmHXOKawnlwMN2t6x4yjUseKiz30DBw4pj8i7GtdvlNFYPI_YQY42uwCv0YnKxwOXjfYF-fr7-cfW1u_n-5dvVp5vOS2WWzgjuwSvlQXpPuZoG4gUXvhdGTUL2wKVRskWeG-4nNUnVw2Ck8sqM2gG_QB-Purs6bGH0MC9tL7vLYevyapML9s_MHDb2Nu2tMMQQJpvAu0eBnO4rlMVuQzms4WZItViqNRGq16r_D5RS3cYlpqFv_0LvUs1z-wlL-zY-o0yLRtEj5XMqJcN0mpsSezDfHs23zXx7MN_qVvPm6cKnit9WN4AdgdJS8y3kJ63_qfoAAim7jw</recordid><startdate>20161201</startdate><enddate>20161201</enddate><creator>Elgharbawy, Amal Ahmed</creator><creator>Alam, Md. 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Zahangir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kabbashi, Nassereldeen Ahmad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moniruzzaman, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jamal, Parveen</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>3 Biotech</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Elgharbawy, Amal Ahmed</au><au>Alam, Md. Zahangir</au><au>Kabbashi, Nassereldeen Ahmad</au><au>Moniruzzaman, Muhammad</au><au>Jamal, Parveen</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evaluation of several ionic liquids for in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches by locally-produced cellulase</atitle><jtitle>3 Biotech</jtitle><stitle>3 Biotech</stitle><addtitle>3 Biotech</addtitle><date>2016-12-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>6</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>128</spage><epage>15</epage><pages>128-15</pages><artnum>128</artnum><issn>2190-572X</issn><eissn>2190-5738</eissn><abstract>Lignocellulosic biomasses, exhibit resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis due to the presence of lignin and hemicellulose. Ionic liquids proved their applicability in lignin degradation, however, ionic liquid removal has to be performed to proceed to hydrolysis. Therefore, this study reports an in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches (EFB) that combined an ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. For enzyme production, palm kernel cake (PKC) was used as the primary media for microbial cellulase (PKC-Cel) from
Trichoderma reesei
(RUTC30). The obtained enzyme exhibited a promising stability in several ionic liquids. Among few, in choline acetate [Cho]OAc, PKC-Cel retained 63.16 % of the initial activity after 6 h and lost only 10 % of its activity in 10 % IL/buffer mixture. Upon the confirmation of the PKC-Cel stability, EFB was subjected to IL-pretreatment followed by hydrolysis in a single step without further removal of the IL. The findings revealed that choline acetate [Cho]OAc and choline butyrate [Cho]Bu were among the best ILs used in the study since 0.332 ± 0.05 g glucose/g and 0.565 ± 0.08 g total reducing sugar/g EFB were obtained after 24 h of enzymatic hydrolysis. Compared to the untreated EFB, the amount of reducing sugar obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis increased by three-fold in the case of [Cho]OAc and [Cho]Bu, two-fold with [EMIM]OAc and phosphate-based ILs whereas the lowest concentration was obtained in [TBPH]OAc. Pretreatment of EFB with [Cho]OAc and [Cho]Bu showed significant differences in the morphology of EFB samples when observed with SEM. Analysis of the lignin, hemicellulose and hemicellulose showed that the total lignin content from the raw EFB was reduced from 37.8 ± 0.6 to 25.81 ± 0.35 % (w/w) upon employment of [Cho]OAc in the compatible system. The PKC-Cel from
T. reesei
(RUTC30) exhibited promising characteristics that need to be investigated further towards a single-step process for bioethanol production.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>28330203</pmid><doi>10.1007/s13205-016-0440-8</doi><tpages>15</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Agriculture Bioinformatics Biomass Biomaterials Biotechnology Cancer Research Cellulase Cellulose Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science Environmental impact Enzymes Hypocrea jecorina Lignin Lignocellulose Membrane separation Original Original Article Stem Cells Sugar |
| title | Evaluation of several ionic liquids for in situ hydrolysis of empty fruit bunches by locally-produced cellulase |
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