Impact of Eighteen-Year Varied Compliance to Onchocerciasis Treatment with Ivermectin in Sentinel Savannah Agrarian Communities in Kaduna State of Nigeria

Baseline and impact assessment data were generated in 1994 (n=532) and 2011 (n=593) from 6 sentinel villages with generalized onchocerciasis. Only volunteers and a cohort (n=445,75%) were screened at both visits. Each village had received 11 (64.7%) annual treatments and 92.6%, range 88.7–100%, trea...

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Veröffentlicht in:ISRN Parasitology 2013-08, Vol.2013, p.960168-10
Hauptverfasser: Osue, Hudu O., Inabo, Helen I., Yakubu, Sabo E., Audu, Patrick A., Galadima, Musa, Odama, Lillian E., Musa, Danjuma, Ado, Saleh A., Mamman, Mohammed
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container_start_page 960168
container_title ISRN Parasitology
container_volume 2013
creator Osue, Hudu O.
Inabo, Helen I.
Yakubu, Sabo E.
Audu, Patrick A.
Galadima, Musa
Odama, Lillian E.
Musa, Danjuma
Ado, Saleh A.
Mamman, Mohammed
description Baseline and impact assessment data were generated in 1994 (n=532) and 2011 (n=593) from 6 sentinel villages with generalized onchocerciasis. Only volunteers and a cohort (n=445,75%) were screened at both visits. Each village had received 11 (64.7%) annual treatments and 92.6%, range 88.7–100%, treatment compliance. Overall mean number of treatment was 2.9 ± 1.6 with a range 2.0 ± 1.2–3.3 ± 0.6. Significant decreases in skin microfilaria prevalence from 201 (38%) to 0 (0%), palpable nodule from 77 (15%) to 4 (0.7%), dermal changes from 51 (9.6%) to 2 (0.04%), optic nerve disease from 24 (4.5%) to 4 (2.0%), and onchocercal inducible ocular lesions from 31 (5.8%) to 12 (2.0%) were recorded, P
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P. ; Kalyanasundaram, R.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Osue, Hudu O. ; Inabo, Helen I. ; Yakubu, Sabo E. ; Audu, Patrick A. ; Galadima, Musa ; Odama, Lillian E. ; Musa, Danjuma ; Ado, Saleh A. ; Mamman, Mohammed ; Dash, A. P. ; Kalyanasundaram, R.</creatorcontrib><description>Baseline and impact assessment data were generated in 1994 (n=532) and 2011 (n=593) from 6 sentinel villages with generalized onchocerciasis. Only volunteers and a cohort (n=445,75%) were screened at both visits. Each village had received 11 (64.7%) annual treatments and 92.6%, range 88.7–100%, treatment compliance. Overall mean number of treatment was 2.9 ± 1.6 with a range 2.0 ± 1.2–3.3 ± 0.6. Significant decreases in skin microfilaria prevalence from 201 (38%) to 0 (0%), palpable nodule from 77 (15%) to 4 (0.7%), dermal changes from 51 (9.6%) to 2 (0.04%), optic nerve disease from 24 (4.5%) to 4 (2.0%), and onchocercal inducible ocular lesions from 31 (5.8%) to 12 (2.0%) were recorded, P&lt;0.05, (t-test of unpaired data). Cases of glaucoma, 8 (1.4%), and blindness, 6 (1.05%), remained unchanged. Visual acuity ≥6/24 in one or both eyes, 198 (33.45%); cataract, 169 (28.5%); pterygium 157 (26.5%); and acute senilis, 165 (27.9%), were significantly increased and positively correlated with increase in age (R2=0.898−0.949). Dissected parous Simulium damnosum caught (n=222) were without infective third stage larva. Active onchocerciasis transmission seems halted despite varied compliance to long-term ivermectin treatment. 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title Impact of Eighteen-Year Varied Compliance to Onchocerciasis Treatment with Ivermectin in Sentinel Savannah Agrarian Communities in Kaduna State of Nigeria
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