Nasal and conjunctival screening prior to refractive surgery: an observational and cross-sectional study
ObjectivesTo investigate bacterial flora of clinically healthy conjunctiva and nasal cavity among patients prior to refractive surgery, as well as the characteristics of patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonisation.DesignObservational and cross-sectional study.Settin...
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| creator | Kitazawa, Koji Sotozono, Chie Sakamoto, Masako Sasaki, Miho Hieda, Osamu Yamasaki, Toshihide Kinoshita, Shigeru |
| description | ObjectivesTo investigate bacterial flora of clinically healthy conjunctiva and nasal cavity among patients prior to refractive surgery, as well as the characteristics of patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonisation.DesignObservational and cross-sectional study.SettingA single-centre study in Japan.Participants120 consecutive patients pre-refractive surgery.Primary and secondary outcome measures methodsSamples were obtained from the right conjunctival sac and the nasal cavity of 120 consecutive patients prior to refractive surgery and were then measured for the levels of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics. Patients were interviewed regarding their occupation, family living situation and any personal history of atopic dermatitis, asthma, smoking or contact lens wear.ResultsPropionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) (32.5%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (4.2%) were detected from the conjunctival sac. S. epidermidis was the most commonly isolated (68.3%) in the nasal cavity. Of the 30 patients (25.0%) with colonisation by S. aureus, 2 patients, both of whom were healthcare workers with atopic dermatitis, were found to be positive for MRSA in the nasal cavity. A history of contact lens wear, asthma or smoking, as well as patient gender and age, was not associated with MRSA colonisation.ConclusionsThere were only 2 patients who were colonised with MRSA, both of whom were healthcare workers with atopic dermatitis. P. acnes was predominantly found in the conjunctival sac. Further study is needed to investigate the involvement between nasal and conjunctival flora, and risk factors for infectious complications. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010733 |
| format | Article |
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Patients were interviewed regarding their occupation, family living situation and any personal history of atopic dermatitis, asthma, smoking or contact lens wear.ResultsPropionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) (32.5%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (4.2%) were detected from the conjunctival sac. S. epidermidis was the most commonly isolated (68.3%) in the nasal cavity. Of the 30 patients (25.0%) with colonisation by S. aureus, 2 patients, both of whom were healthcare workers with atopic dermatitis, were found to be positive for MRSA in the nasal cavity. A history of contact lens wear, asthma or smoking, as well as patient gender and age, was not associated with MRSA colonisation.ConclusionsThere were only 2 patients who were colonised with MRSA, both of whom were healthcare workers with atopic dermatitis. P. acnes was predominantly found in the conjunctival sac. Further study is needed to investigate the involvement between nasal and conjunctival flora, and risk factors for infectious complications.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2044-6055</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2044-6055</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010733</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27160843</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: BMJ Publishing Group LTD</publisher><subject>Ablation ; Adult ; Antibiotics ; Asthma ; Bacteria ; Carrier State - diagnosis ; Carrier State - microbiology ; Conjunctiva - microbiology ; Contact lenses ; Corynebacterium - isolation & purification ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Atopic - complications ; Eye surgery ; Female ; Gram-positive bacteria ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Japan ; Male ; Medical personnel ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - isolation & purification ; Nasal Cavity - microbiology ; Ophthalmology ; Patients ; Preoperative Care ; Propionibacterium acnes - isolation & purification ; Questionnaires ; Refractive Surgical Procedures - methods ; Risk Factors ; Staphylococcus epidermidis - isolation & purification ; Staphylococcus infections ; Statistical analysis ; Streptococcus infections</subject><ispartof>BMJ open, 2016-05, Vol.6 (5), p.e010733-e010733</ispartof><rights>Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing</rights><rights>Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/ 2016 This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/ 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b538t-454de3c71a786bb780e3b6659ff1b8ed22d6e236d45704625e8e405e969eb4583</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b538t-454de3c71a786bb780e3b6659ff1b8ed22d6e236d45704625e8e405e969eb4583</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttp://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/6/5/e010733.full.pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Gbmj$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttp://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/6/5/e010733.full$$EHTML$$P50$$Gbmj$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,27549,27550,27924,27925,53791,53793,77601,77632</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27160843$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kitazawa, Koji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sotozono, Chie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sakamoto, Masako</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sasaki, Miho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hieda, Osamu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamasaki, Toshihide</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kinoshita, Shigeru</creatorcontrib><title>Nasal and conjunctival screening prior to refractive surgery: an observational and cross-sectional study</title><title>BMJ open</title><addtitle>BMJ Open</addtitle><description>ObjectivesTo investigate bacterial flora of clinically healthy conjunctiva and nasal cavity among patients prior to refractive surgery, as well as the characteristics of patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonisation.DesignObservational and cross-sectional study.SettingA single-centre study in Japan.Participants120 consecutive patients pre-refractive surgery.Primary and secondary outcome measures methodsSamples were obtained from the right conjunctival sac and the nasal cavity of 120 consecutive patients prior to refractive surgery and were then measured for the levels of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics. Patients were interviewed regarding their occupation, family living situation and any personal history of atopic dermatitis, asthma, smoking or contact lens wear.ResultsPropionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) (32.5%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (4.2%) were detected from the conjunctival sac. S. epidermidis was the most commonly isolated (68.3%) in the nasal cavity. Of the 30 patients (25.0%) with colonisation by S. aureus, 2 patients, both of whom were healthcare workers with atopic dermatitis, were found to be positive for MRSA in the nasal cavity. A history of contact lens wear, asthma or smoking, as well as patient gender and age, was not associated with MRSA colonisation.ConclusionsThere were only 2 patients who were colonised with MRSA, both of whom were healthcare workers with atopic dermatitis. P. acnes was predominantly found in the conjunctival sac. Further study is needed to investigate the involvement between nasal and conjunctival flora, and risk factors for infectious complications.</description><subject>Ablation</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Antibiotics</subject><subject>Asthma</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Carrier State - diagnosis</subject><subject>Carrier State - microbiology</subject><subject>Conjunctiva - microbiology</subject><subject>Contact lenses</subject><subject>Corynebacterium - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Dermatitis</subject><subject>Dermatitis, Atopic - complications</subject><subject>Eye surgery</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gram-positive bacteria</subject><subject>Health Personnel</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Japan</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical personnel</subject><subject>Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects</subject><subject>Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Nasal Cavity - microbiology</subject><subject>Ophthalmology</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Preoperative Care</subject><subject>Propionibacterium acnes - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Refractive Surgical Procedures - methods</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Staphylococcus epidermidis - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Staphylococcus infections</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Streptococcus infections</subject><issn>2044-6055</issn><issn>2044-6055</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>9YT</sourceid><sourceid>ACMMV</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqNUU1LAzEQDaKoaH-BIAtevKzme7MeBCl-gehFzyHZnbZbtklNdgv996ZuFfVkLhNm3nvMm4fQCcEXhDB5aRdzvwSXU0xEjgkuGNtBhxRznkssxO6P_wEaxTjH6XFRCkH30QEtiMSKs0M0ezbRtJlxdVZ5N-9d1TWr1IhVAHCNm2bL0PiQdT4LMAlmM4Ys9mEKYX2VeJm3EcLKdI13X0LBx5hHqLa92PX1-hjtTUwbYbStR-jt7vZ1_JA_vdw_jm-eciuY6nIueA2sKogplLS2UBiYlVKUkwmxCmpKawmUyZqLAnNJBSjgWEApS7BcKHaErgfdZW8XUFfgumBanVwsTFhrbxr9e-KamZ76leaq4ESUSeB8KxD8ew-x04smVtC2xoHvoyaFUpQyQjbQsz_Que9DsjygBGHl50ZsQH3eJV3xexmC9SZMvQ1Tb8LUQ5iJdfrTxzfnK7oEuBgAif0vxQ-7M6zv</recordid><startdate>20160509</startdate><enddate>20160509</enddate><creator>Kitazawa, Koji</creator><creator>Sotozono, Chie</creator><creator>Sakamoto, Masako</creator><creator>Sasaki, Miho</creator><creator>Hieda, Osamu</creator><creator>Yamasaki, Toshihide</creator><creator>Kinoshita, Shigeru</creator><general>BMJ Publishing Group LTD</general><general>BMJ Publishing Group</general><scope>9YT</scope><scope>ACMMV</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BTHHO</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160509</creationdate><title>Nasal and conjunctival screening prior to refractive surgery: an observational and cross-sectional study</title><author>Kitazawa, Koji ; Sotozono, Chie ; Sakamoto, Masako ; Sasaki, Miho ; Hieda, Osamu ; Yamasaki, Toshihide ; Kinoshita, Shigeru</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b538t-454de3c71a786bb780e3b6659ff1b8ed22d6e236d45704625e8e405e969eb4583</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Ablation</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Antibiotics</topic><topic>Asthma</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Carrier State - diagnosis</topic><topic>Carrier State - microbiology</topic><topic>Conjunctiva - microbiology</topic><topic>Contact lenses</topic><topic>Corynebacterium - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Dermatitis</topic><topic>Dermatitis, Atopic - complications</topic><topic>Eye surgery</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gram-positive bacteria</topic><topic>Health Personnel</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Japan</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical personnel</topic><topic>Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects</topic><topic>Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Nasal Cavity - microbiology</topic><topic>Ophthalmology</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Preoperative Care</topic><topic>Propionibacterium acnes - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Refractive Surgical Procedures - methods</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Staphylococcus epidermidis - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Staphylococcus infections</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Streptococcus infections</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kitazawa, Koji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sotozono, Chie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sakamoto, Masako</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sasaki, Miho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hieda, Osamu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamasaki, Toshihide</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kinoshita, Shigeru</creatorcontrib><collection>BMJ Open Access Journals</collection><collection>BMJ Journals:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>BMJ Journals</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Psychology Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>BMJ open</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kitazawa, Koji</au><au>Sotozono, Chie</au><au>Sakamoto, Masako</au><au>Sasaki, Miho</au><au>Hieda, Osamu</au><au>Yamasaki, Toshihide</au><au>Kinoshita, Shigeru</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Nasal and conjunctival screening prior to refractive surgery: an observational and cross-sectional study</atitle><jtitle>BMJ open</jtitle><addtitle>BMJ Open</addtitle><date>2016-05-09</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>6</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e010733</spage><epage>e010733</epage><pages>e010733-e010733</pages><issn>2044-6055</issn><eissn>2044-6055</eissn><abstract>ObjectivesTo investigate bacterial flora of clinically healthy conjunctiva and nasal cavity among patients prior to refractive surgery, as well as the characteristics of patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonisation.DesignObservational and cross-sectional study.SettingA single-centre study in Japan.Participants120 consecutive patients pre-refractive surgery.Primary and secondary outcome measures methodsSamples were obtained from the right conjunctival sac and the nasal cavity of 120 consecutive patients prior to refractive surgery and were then measured for the levels of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics. Patients were interviewed regarding their occupation, family living situation and any personal history of atopic dermatitis, asthma, smoking or contact lens wear.ResultsPropionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) (32.5%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (4.2%) were detected from the conjunctival sac. S. epidermidis was the most commonly isolated (68.3%) in the nasal cavity. Of the 30 patients (25.0%) with colonisation by S. aureus, 2 patients, both of whom were healthcare workers with atopic dermatitis, were found to be positive for MRSA in the nasal cavity. A history of contact lens wear, asthma or smoking, as well as patient gender and age, was not associated with MRSA colonisation.ConclusionsThere were only 2 patients who were colonised with MRSA, both of whom were healthcare workers with atopic dermatitis. P. acnes was predominantly found in the conjunctival sac. Further study is needed to investigate the involvement between nasal and conjunctival flora, and risk factors for infectious complications.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BMJ Publishing Group LTD</pub><pmid>27160843</pmid><doi>10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010733</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Ablation Adult Antibiotics Asthma Bacteria Carrier State - diagnosis Carrier State - microbiology Conjunctiva - microbiology Contact lenses Corynebacterium - isolation & purification Cross-Sectional Studies Dermatitis Dermatitis, Atopic - complications Eye surgery Female Gram-positive bacteria Health Personnel Humans Japan Male Medical personnel Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - isolation & purification Nasal Cavity - microbiology Ophthalmology Patients Preoperative Care Propionibacterium acnes - isolation & purification Questionnaires Refractive Surgical Procedures - methods Risk Factors Staphylococcus epidermidis - isolation & purification Staphylococcus infections Statistical analysis Streptococcus infections |
| title | Nasal and conjunctival screening prior to refractive surgery: an observational and cross-sectional study |
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