Patients' with type 2 diabetes willingness to pay for insulin therapy and clinical outcomes

ObjectivesThis study assessed patient preferences, using willingness to pay as a method to measure different treatment characteristics or attributes associated with injectable insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes.Research design and methodsAdults with type 2 diabetes in 12 countries, dia...

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Veröffentlicht in:BMJ open diabetes research & care 2016, Vol.4 (1), p.e000192-e000192
Hauptverfasser: Feher, Michael D, Brazier, John, Schaper, Nicolaas, Vega-Hernandez, Gabriela, Nikolajsen, Annie, Bøgelund, Mette
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container_end_page e000192
container_issue 1
container_start_page e000192
container_title BMJ open diabetes research & care
container_volume 4
creator Feher, Michael D
Brazier, John
Schaper, Nicolaas
Vega-Hernandez, Gabriela
Nikolajsen, Annie
Bøgelund, Mette
description ObjectivesThis study assessed patient preferences, using willingness to pay as a method to measure different treatment characteristics or attributes associated with injectable insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes.Research design and methodsAdults with type 2 diabetes in 12 countries, diagnosed >6 months prior and receiving insulin for >3 months, were recruited through a representative online panel. Data were collected via online questionnaire and analyzed using a standard choice model for discrete choice experiment.ResultsA total of 3758 patients from North America (n=646), South America (n=1537), and Europe (n=1575) completed the study. Mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in North America, South America, and Europe were 63 mmol/mol (7.9%), 75 mmol/mol (9.0%), and 64 mmol/mol (8.0%), respectively. In the three regions, monthly willingness to pay was US$116, US$74, and US$92, respectively, for a 1%-point decrease in HbA1c; US$99, US$80, and US$104 for one less major hypoglycemic event per year; and US$64, US$37 and US$60 for a 3 kg weight decrease. To avoid preinjection preparation of insulin, the respective values were US$47, US$18, and US$37, and US$25, US$25, and US$24 for one less injection per day. Among respondents on basal-only insulin who had previously tried a more intensive regimen, reasons for switching back included difficulty in handling multiple injections and risk of hypoglycemic events.ConclusionsReducing HbA1c, frequency of major hypoglycemic events and weight decrease were the highest valued outcomes in each region. The administrative burden of injections was also considered important.
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Data were collected via online questionnaire and analyzed using a standard choice model for discrete choice experiment.ResultsA total of 3758 patients from North America (n=646), South America (n=1537), and Europe (n=1575) completed the study. Mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in North America, South America, and Europe were 63 mmol/mol (7.9%), 75 mmol/mol (9.0%), and 64 mmol/mol (8.0%), respectively. In the three regions, monthly willingness to pay was US$116, US$74, and US$92, respectively, for a 1%-point decrease in HbA1c; US$99, US$80, and US$104 for one less major hypoglycemic event per year; and US$64, US$37 and US$60 for a 3 kg weight decrease. To avoid preinjection preparation of insulin, the respective values were US$47, US$18, and US$37, and US$25, US$25, and US$24 for one less injection per day. Among respondents on basal-only insulin who had previously tried a more intensive regimen, reasons for switching back included difficulty in handling multiple injections and risk of hypoglycemic events.ConclusionsReducing HbA1c, frequency of major hypoglycemic events and weight decrease were the highest valued outcomes in each region. The administrative burden of injections was also considered important.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2052-4897</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2052-4897</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2016-000192</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27158518</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: BMJ Publishing Group LTD</publisher><subject>Clinical outcomes ; s in Care</subject><ispartof>BMJ open diabetes research &amp; care, 2016, Vol.4 (1), p.e000192-e000192</ispartof><rights>Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing</rights><rights>Copyright: 2016 Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing</rights><rights>Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/ 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b468t-5e85d2ec94ea02019f6cd3e01f492aabb0650b9443e01976e8805ed971e4b09f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b468t-5e85d2ec94ea02019f6cd3e01f492aabb0650b9443e01976e8805ed971e4b09f3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8674-6134</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttp://drc.bmj.com/content/4/1/e000192.full.pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Gbmj$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttp://drc.bmj.com/content/4/1/e000192.full$$EHTML$$P50$$Gbmj$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,4024,27549,27550,27923,27924,27925,53791,53793,77601,77632</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27158518$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Feher, Michael D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brazier, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schaper, Nicolaas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vega-Hernandez, Gabriela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nikolajsen, Annie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bøgelund, Mette</creatorcontrib><title>Patients' with type 2 diabetes willingness to pay for insulin therapy and clinical outcomes</title><title>BMJ open diabetes research &amp; care</title><addtitle>BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care</addtitle><description>ObjectivesThis study assessed patient preferences, using willingness to pay as a method to measure different treatment characteristics or attributes associated with injectable insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes.Research design and methodsAdults with type 2 diabetes in 12 countries, diagnosed &gt;6 months prior and receiving insulin for &gt;3 months, were recruited through a representative online panel. Data were collected via online questionnaire and analyzed using a standard choice model for discrete choice experiment.ResultsA total of 3758 patients from North America (n=646), South America (n=1537), and Europe (n=1575) completed the study. Mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in North America, South America, and Europe were 63 mmol/mol (7.9%), 75 mmol/mol (9.0%), and 64 mmol/mol (8.0%), respectively. In the three regions, monthly willingness to pay was US$116, US$74, and US$92, respectively, for a 1%-point decrease in HbA1c; US$99, US$80, and US$104 for one less major hypoglycemic event per year; and US$64, US$37 and US$60 for a 3 kg weight decrease. To avoid preinjection preparation of insulin, the respective values were US$47, US$18, and US$37, and US$25, US$25, and US$24 for one less injection per day. Among respondents on basal-only insulin who had previously tried a more intensive regimen, reasons for switching back included difficulty in handling multiple injections and risk of hypoglycemic events.ConclusionsReducing HbA1c, frequency of major hypoglycemic events and weight decrease were the highest valued outcomes in each region. 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Brazier, John ; Schaper, Nicolaas ; Vega-Hernandez, Gabriela ; Nikolajsen, Annie ; Bøgelund, Mette</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b468t-5e85d2ec94ea02019f6cd3e01f492aabb0650b9443e01976e8805ed971e4b09f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Clinical outcomes</topic><topic>s in Care</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Feher, Michael D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brazier, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schaper, Nicolaas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vega-Hernandez, Gabriela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nikolajsen, Annie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bøgelund, Mette</creatorcontrib><collection>BMJ Open Access Journals</collection><collection>BMJ Journals:Open Access</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; 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Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>BMJ open diabetes research &amp; care</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Feher, Michael D</au><au>Brazier, John</au><au>Schaper, Nicolaas</au><au>Vega-Hernandez, Gabriela</au><au>Nikolajsen, Annie</au><au>Bøgelund, Mette</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Patients' with type 2 diabetes willingness to pay for insulin therapy and clinical outcomes</atitle><jtitle>BMJ open diabetes research &amp; care</jtitle><addtitle>BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care</addtitle><date>2016</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>4</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e000192</spage><epage>e000192</epage><pages>e000192-e000192</pages><issn>2052-4897</issn><eissn>2052-4897</eissn><abstract>ObjectivesThis study assessed patient preferences, using willingness to pay as a method to measure different treatment characteristics or attributes associated with injectable insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes.Research design and methodsAdults with type 2 diabetes in 12 countries, diagnosed &gt;6 months prior and receiving insulin for &gt;3 months, were recruited through a representative online panel. Data were collected via online questionnaire and analyzed using a standard choice model for discrete choice experiment.ResultsA total of 3758 patients from North America (n=646), South America (n=1537), and Europe (n=1575) completed the study. Mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in North America, South America, and Europe were 63 mmol/mol (7.9%), 75 mmol/mol (9.0%), and 64 mmol/mol (8.0%), respectively. In the three regions, monthly willingness to pay was US$116, US$74, and US$92, respectively, for a 1%-point decrease in HbA1c; US$99, US$80, and US$104 for one less major hypoglycemic event per year; and US$64, US$37 and US$60 for a 3 kg weight decrease. To avoid preinjection preparation of insulin, the respective values were US$47, US$18, and US$37, and US$25, US$25, and US$24 for one less injection per day. Among respondents on basal-only insulin who had previously tried a more intensive regimen, reasons for switching back included difficulty in handling multiple injections and risk of hypoglycemic events.ConclusionsReducing HbA1c, frequency of major hypoglycemic events and weight decrease were the highest valued outcomes in each region. The administrative burden of injections was also considered important.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BMJ Publishing Group LTD</pub><pmid>27158518</pmid><doi>10.1136/bmjdrc-2016-000192</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8674-6134</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Clinical outcomes
s in Care
title Patients' with type 2 diabetes willingness to pay for insulin therapy and clinical outcomes
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