Assessment and Molecular Characterization of Human Intestinal Parasites in Bivalves from Orchard Beach, NY, USA
Bivalves have been shown to be carriers of the human intestinal parasites Cryptosporidium parvum and Toxoplasma gondii. The goal of this study is to determine the prevalence of protozoan parasites in mollusks of New York City using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay. Four species of mollu...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of environmental research and public health 2016-03, Vol.13 (4), p.381-381 |
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| creator | Tei, Freda F Kowalyk, Steven Reid, Jhenelle A Presta, Matthew A Yesudas, Rekha Mayer, D C Ghislaine |
| description | Bivalves have been shown to be carriers of the human intestinal parasites Cryptosporidium parvum and Toxoplasma gondii. The goal of this study is to determine the prevalence of protozoan parasites in mollusks of New York City using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay. Four species of mollusks, Mya arenaria, Geukensia demissa, Crassostrea virginica, and Mytilis edulis, were collected from Orchard Beach, NY in the fall of 2014, totaling 159 specimens. Each individual mollusk was dissected to harvest the digestive gland, the mantle, the gills, the foot and the siphon. The tissues were assayed for the presence of Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, and Toxoplasma gondii DNA by using primers that target parasite-specific genes. C. parvum was found at a prevalence of 50%, 11.3%, and 1%, respectively, in Mya arenaria, G. demissa, and Mytilis edulis. C. parvum DNA was detected in all the tissues of these bivalve species, except the gills. Furthermore, G. lamblia was detected in Mya arenaria, G. demissa, Crassostrea virginica and Mytilis edulis at a prevalence of 37.5%, 4.5%, 60%, and 20.6%, respectively, while T. gondii DNA was not detected. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijerph13040381 |
| format | Article |
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The goal of this study is to determine the prevalence of protozoan parasites in mollusks of New York City using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay. Four species of mollusks, Mya arenaria, Geukensia demissa, Crassostrea virginica, and Mytilis edulis, were collected from Orchard Beach, NY in the fall of 2014, totaling 159 specimens. Each individual mollusk was dissected to harvest the digestive gland, the mantle, the gills, the foot and the siphon. The tissues were assayed for the presence of Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, and Toxoplasma gondii DNA by using primers that target parasite-specific genes. C. parvum was found at a prevalence of 50%, 11.3%, and 1%, respectively, in Mya arenaria, G. demissa, and Mytilis edulis. C. parvum DNA was detected in all the tissues of these bivalve species, except the gills. Furthermore, G. lamblia was detected in Mya arenaria, G. demissa, Crassostrea virginica and Mytilis edulis at a prevalence of 37.5%, 4.5%, 60%, and 20.6%, respectively, while T. gondii DNA was not detected.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-7827</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13040381</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27043590</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Animals ; Beaches ; Bivalvia ; Conflicts of interest ; Crassostrea virginica ; Cryptosporidium ; Cryptosporidium parvum ; Cryptosporidium parvum - genetics ; Cryptosporidium parvum - isolation & purification ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; DNA - analysis ; Environmental Monitoring ; Food Contamination - analysis ; Gastrointestinal Tract - parasitology ; Genotype & phenotype ; Geukensia demissa ; Giardia lamblia ; Giardia lamblia - genetics ; Giardia lamblia - isolation & purification ; Gills - parasitology ; Humans ; Mollusca - parasitology ; Mollusks ; Mya arenaria ; New York City ; Oysters ; Parasites ; Pollutants ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Protozoa ; Sample size ; Toxoplasma - genetics ; Toxoplasma - isolation & purification ; Toxoplasma gondii</subject><ispartof>International journal of environmental research and public health, 2016-03, Vol.13 (4), p.381-381</ispartof><rights>Copyright Molecular Diversity Preservation International Apr 2016</rights><rights>2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c451t-9c771e66f2d184ea1747a48b11b1fee745be6e62eb348d7eb8dad89791dd56443</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c451t-9c771e66f2d184ea1747a48b11b1fee745be6e62eb348d7eb8dad89791dd56443</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4847043/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4847043/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27043590$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tei, Freda F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kowalyk, Steven</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reid, Jhenelle A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Presta, Matthew A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yesudas, Rekha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mayer, D C Ghislaine</creatorcontrib><title>Assessment and Molecular Characterization of Human Intestinal Parasites in Bivalves from Orchard Beach, NY, USA</title><title>International journal of environmental research and public health</title><addtitle>Int J Environ Res Public Health</addtitle><description>Bivalves have been shown to be carriers of the human intestinal parasites Cryptosporidium parvum and Toxoplasma gondii. The goal of this study is to determine the prevalence of protozoan parasites in mollusks of New York City using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay. Four species of mollusks, Mya arenaria, Geukensia demissa, Crassostrea virginica, and Mytilis edulis, were collected from Orchard Beach, NY in the fall of 2014, totaling 159 specimens. Each individual mollusk was dissected to harvest the digestive gland, the mantle, the gills, the foot and the siphon. The tissues were assayed for the presence of Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, and Toxoplasma gondii DNA by using primers that target parasite-specific genes. C. parvum was found at a prevalence of 50%, 11.3%, and 1%, respectively, in Mya arenaria, G. demissa, and Mytilis edulis. C. parvum DNA was detected in all the tissues of these bivalve species, except the gills. Furthermore, G. lamblia was detected in Mya arenaria, G. demissa, Crassostrea virginica and Mytilis edulis at a prevalence of 37.5%, 4.5%, 60%, and 20.6%, respectively, while T. gondii DNA was not detected.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Beaches</subject><subject>Bivalvia</subject><subject>Conflicts of interest</subject><subject>Crassostrea virginica</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium parvum</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium parvum - genetics</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium parvum - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>DNA - analysis</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring</subject><subject>Food Contamination - analysis</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal Tract - parasitology</subject><subject>Genotype & phenotype</subject><subject>Geukensia demissa</subject><subject>Giardia lamblia</subject><subject>Giardia lamblia - genetics</subject><subject>Giardia lamblia - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Gills - parasitology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Mollusca - parasitology</subject><subject>Mollusks</subject><subject>Mya arenaria</subject><subject>New York City</subject><subject>Oysters</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Pollutants</subject><subject>Polymerase Chain Reaction</subject><subject>Protozoa</subject><subject>Sample size</subject><subject>Toxoplasma - genetics</subject><subject>Toxoplasma - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Toxoplasma gondii</subject><issn>1660-4601</issn><issn>1661-7827</issn><issn>1660-4601</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkb1vFDEQxVcIREKgpUSWaChywV5_N0iXE5BIgSBBCirLa89yPu3aF3v3JPjr8ZEQJVRUHmt-8zRvXtO8JPiEUo3fhg3k7ZpQzDBV5FFzSITACyYweXyvPmielbLBFWFCP20OWokZ5RofNmlZCpQyQpyQjR59SgO4ebAZrdY2WzdBDr_sFFJEqUdn82gjOo8TlClEO6AvlSmhflGI6DTs7LCrdZ_TiC6zqwoenYJ162P0-fsxuvq6fN486e1Q4MXte9RcfXj_bXW2uLj8eL5aXiwc42RaaCclASH61hPFwBLJpGWqI6QjPYBkvAMBooWOMuUldMpbr7TUxHsuGKNHzbsb3e3cjeBd9ZftYLY5jDb_NMkG87ATw9r8SDvDFNsfpwq8uRXI6Xqufs0YioNhsBHSXAyRSmrF2lb-Byo1a1XL92u9_gfdpDnXS_4RZJxrynmlTm4ol1MpGfq7vQk2-9jNw9jrwKv7bu_wvznT365bqgQ</recordid><startdate>20160329</startdate><enddate>20160329</enddate><creator>Tei, Freda F</creator><creator>Kowalyk, Steven</creator><creator>Reid, Jhenelle A</creator><creator>Presta, Matthew A</creator><creator>Yesudas, Rekha</creator><creator>Mayer, D C Ghislaine</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160329</creationdate><title>Assessment and Molecular Characterization of Human Intestinal Parasites in Bivalves from Orchard Beach, NY, USA</title><author>Tei, Freda F ; 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The goal of this study is to determine the prevalence of protozoan parasites in mollusks of New York City using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay. Four species of mollusks, Mya arenaria, Geukensia demissa, Crassostrea virginica, and Mytilis edulis, were collected from Orchard Beach, NY in the fall of 2014, totaling 159 specimens. Each individual mollusk was dissected to harvest the digestive gland, the mantle, the gills, the foot and the siphon. The tissues were assayed for the presence of Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, and Toxoplasma gondii DNA by using primers that target parasite-specific genes. C. parvum was found at a prevalence of 50%, 11.3%, and 1%, respectively, in Mya arenaria, G. demissa, and Mytilis edulis. C. parvum DNA was detected in all the tissues of these bivalve species, except the gills. Furthermore, G. lamblia was detected in Mya arenaria, G. demissa, Crassostrea virginica and Mytilis edulis at a prevalence of 37.5%, 4.5%, 60%, and 20.6%, respectively, while T. gondii DNA was not detected.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>27043590</pmid><doi>10.3390/ijerph13040381</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Beaches Bivalvia Conflicts of interest Crassostrea virginica Cryptosporidium Cryptosporidium parvum Cryptosporidium parvum - genetics Cryptosporidium parvum - isolation & purification Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA - analysis Environmental Monitoring Food Contamination - analysis Gastrointestinal Tract - parasitology Genotype & phenotype Geukensia demissa Giardia lamblia Giardia lamblia - genetics Giardia lamblia - isolation & purification Gills - parasitology Humans Mollusca - parasitology Mollusks Mya arenaria New York City Oysters Parasites Pollutants Polymerase Chain Reaction Protozoa Sample size Toxoplasma - genetics Toxoplasma - isolation & purification Toxoplasma gondii |
| title | Assessment and Molecular Characterization of Human Intestinal Parasites in Bivalves from Orchard Beach, NY, USA |
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