HIV Community Viral Load and Factors Associated With Elevated Viremia Among a Community-Based Sample of Men Who Have Sex With Men in Vancouver, Canada
BACKGROUND:We developed estimates of community viral load (VL) and risk factors for unsuppressed VL from a cross-sectional study of men who have sex with men (MSM) in Vancouver, Canada. METHODS:MSM were recruited from February 25, 2012 to February 28, 2014 using respondent-driven sampling (RDS). Par...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 2016-05, Vol.72 (1), p.87-95 |
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| container_title | Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) |
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| creator | Moore, David M Cui, Zishan Lachowsky, Nathan Raymond, Henry F Roth, Eric Rich, Ashleigh Sereda, Paul Howard, Terry McFarland, Willi Lal, Allan Montaner, Julio Corneil, Trevor Hogg, Robert S |
| description | BACKGROUND:We developed estimates of community viral load (VL) and risk factors for unsuppressed VL from a cross-sectional study of men who have sex with men (MSM) in Vancouver, Canada.
METHODS:MSM were recruited from February 25, 2012 to February 28, 2014 using respondent-driven sampling (RDS). Participants completed a computer-assisted self-interview questionnaire and a nurse-administered point-of-care HIV test. For HIV-positive participants, we conducted VL and CD4 cell counts. We used RDS-weighted analysis to obtain population estimates of key variables and multivariable logistic regression to examine factors associated with having a VL of ≥200 copies per milliliter among HIV-positive participants.
RESULTS:We recruited 719 participants, of whom 119 (16.6%) were seeds. Our estimate of the population prevalence of HIV was 23.4% [95% confidence interval (CI)15.8% to 31.0%] after RDS adjustments. We estimated that 18.6% (95% CI8.8% to 30.4%) of HIV-positive MSM in Vancouver had a VL of ≥200 copies per milliliter. Having an unsuppressed VL was associated with non-white ethnicity [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.34; 95% CI1.67 to 11.1], an annual income of |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000934 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_4837069</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>4044848651</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5184-76b4c65a4c533d860ae33e1dc38813b6f56bd316474524de0451719e202347113</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kdFu0zAUhiMEYmPwBghZ4oYLMuzYTpwbpFJttFIRQoPu0jp1ThePxO7spGMvwvPi0jHGLvCNfXy-88u__yx7yegxo3X17stkfkzvr5qLR9khq4XIK6XE43SWhcwF4_IgexbjJaWsFKJ-mh0UpSokq6rD7OdsviRT3_ejs8MNWdoAHVl4aAi4hpyCGXyIZBKjNxYGbMi5HVpy0uH2d5V47C2QSe_dBYG_SvkHiKl_Bv2mQ-LX5BM6ct56MoMtkjP8sRfa3VpHluCMH7cY3pIpOGjgefZkDV3EF7f7Ufbt9OTrdJYvPn-cTyeL3Eimks9yJUwpQRjJeaNKCsg5ssZwpRhflWtZrhqeXFdCFqJBKpJrVmNBCy4qxvhR9n6vuxlXPTYG3ZA-QG-C7SHcaA9W_9txttUXfquF4hUt6yTw5lYg-KsR46B7Gw12HTj0Y9SsqmldKFHv0NcP0Es_BpfsJUqVlWKSF4kSe8oEH2PA9d1jGNW74HUKXj8MPo29um_kbuhP0glQe-DadwOG-L0brzHoFqEb2v9r_wI5_Lig</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1786781532</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>HIV Community Viral Load and Factors Associated With Elevated Viremia Among a Community-Based Sample of Men Who Have Sex With Men in Vancouver, Canada</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Journals@Ovid LWW Legacy Archive</source><source>Free E- Journals</source><source>Journals@Ovid Complete</source><creator>Moore, David M ; Cui, Zishan ; Lachowsky, Nathan ; Raymond, Henry F ; Roth, Eric ; Rich, Ashleigh ; Sereda, Paul ; Howard, Terry ; McFarland, Willi ; Lal, Allan ; Montaner, Julio ; Corneil, Trevor ; Hogg, Robert S</creator><creatorcontrib>Moore, David M ; Cui, Zishan ; Lachowsky, Nathan ; Raymond, Henry F ; Roth, Eric ; Rich, Ashleigh ; Sereda, Paul ; Howard, Terry ; McFarland, Willi ; Lal, Allan ; Montaner, Julio ; Corneil, Trevor ; Hogg, Robert S ; Momentum Health Study team</creatorcontrib><description>BACKGROUND:We developed estimates of community viral load (VL) and risk factors for unsuppressed VL from a cross-sectional study of men who have sex with men (MSM) in Vancouver, Canada.
METHODS:MSM were recruited from February 25, 2012 to February 28, 2014 using respondent-driven sampling (RDS). Participants completed a computer-assisted self-interview questionnaire and a nurse-administered point-of-care HIV test. For HIV-positive participants, we conducted VL and CD4 cell counts. We used RDS-weighted analysis to obtain population estimates of key variables and multivariable logistic regression to examine factors associated with having a VL of ≥200 copies per milliliter among HIV-positive participants.
RESULTS:We recruited 719 participants, of whom 119 (16.6%) were seeds. Our estimate of the population prevalence of HIV was 23.4% [95% confidence interval (CI)15.8% to 31.0%] after RDS adjustments. We estimated that 18.6% (95% CI8.8% to 30.4%) of HIV-positive MSM in Vancouver had a VL of ≥200 copies per milliliter. Having an unsuppressed VL was associated with non-white ethnicity [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.34; 95% CI1.67 to 11.1], an annual income of <$15,000 CAD (AOR = 6.43; 95% CI2.08 to 19.9), using gamma-hydroxy butyrate in the previous 6 months (AOR = 4.85; 95% CI1.79 to 13.2), unprotected anal intercourse with a known HIV-negative or an unknown serostatus partner (AOR = 3.13; 95% CI1.10 to 8.90), and disclosing oneʼs HIV serostatus ≥50% of the time (AOR = 7.04; 95% CI1.01 to 49.1).
CONCLUSION:Despite a high prevalence of HIV, we estimated that a small proportion of HIV-positive MSM have undiagnosed HIV and unsuppressed VL. Our results highlight the importance of continued work to address health inequities using a framework based on social determinants of health.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1525-4135</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1944-7884</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000934</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26825177</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JDSRET</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Copyright Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved</publisher><subject>Adult ; Canada - epidemiology ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Gays & lesbians ; HIV ; HIV Infections - blood ; HIV Infections - epidemiology ; HIV Infections - prevention & control ; HIV-1 ; Homosexuality, Male - statistics & numerical data ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Humans ; Male ; Men ; Middle Aged ; Regression analysis ; Risk Factors ; Risk-Taking ; Sexual Behavior - statistics & numerical data ; Sexual Partners ; Substance-Related Disorders - epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Unsafe Sex - statistics & numerical data ; Viral Load ; Viremia - blood</subject><ispartof>Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2016-05, Vol.72 (1), p.87-95</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Lippincott Williams & Wilkins May 1, 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5184-76b4c65a4c533d860ae33e1dc38813b6f56bd316474524de0451719e202347113</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5184-76b4c65a4c533d860ae33e1dc38813b6f56bd316474524de0451719e202347113</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26825177$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Moore, David M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cui, Zishan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lachowsky, Nathan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raymond, Henry F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roth, Eric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rich, Ashleigh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sereda, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Howard, Terry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McFarland, Willi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lal, Allan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Montaner, Julio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Corneil, Trevor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hogg, Robert S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Momentum Health Study team</creatorcontrib><title>HIV Community Viral Load and Factors Associated With Elevated Viremia Among a Community-Based Sample of Men Who Have Sex With Men in Vancouver, Canada</title><title>Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)</title><addtitle>J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr</addtitle><description>BACKGROUND:We developed estimates of community viral load (VL) and risk factors for unsuppressed VL from a cross-sectional study of men who have sex with men (MSM) in Vancouver, Canada.
METHODS:MSM were recruited from February 25, 2012 to February 28, 2014 using respondent-driven sampling (RDS). Participants completed a computer-assisted self-interview questionnaire and a nurse-administered point-of-care HIV test. For HIV-positive participants, we conducted VL and CD4 cell counts. We used RDS-weighted analysis to obtain population estimates of key variables and multivariable logistic regression to examine factors associated with having a VL of ≥200 copies per milliliter among HIV-positive participants.
RESULTS:We recruited 719 participants, of whom 119 (16.6%) were seeds. Our estimate of the population prevalence of HIV was 23.4% [95% confidence interval (CI)15.8% to 31.0%] after RDS adjustments. We estimated that 18.6% (95% CI8.8% to 30.4%) of HIV-positive MSM in Vancouver had a VL of ≥200 copies per milliliter. Having an unsuppressed VL was associated with non-white ethnicity [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.34; 95% CI1.67 to 11.1], an annual income of <$15,000 CAD (AOR = 6.43; 95% CI2.08 to 19.9), using gamma-hydroxy butyrate in the previous 6 months (AOR = 4.85; 95% CI1.79 to 13.2), unprotected anal intercourse with a known HIV-negative or an unknown serostatus partner (AOR = 3.13; 95% CI1.10 to 8.90), and disclosing oneʼs HIV serostatus ≥50% of the time (AOR = 7.04; 95% CI1.01 to 49.1).
CONCLUSION:Despite a high prevalence of HIV, we estimated that a small proportion of HIV-positive MSM have undiagnosed HIV and unsuppressed VL. Our results highlight the importance of continued work to address health inequities using a framework based on social determinants of health.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Canada - epidemiology</subject><subject>CD4 Lymphocyte Count</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Gays & lesbians</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>HIV Infections - blood</subject><subject>HIV Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>HIV Infections - prevention & control</subject><subject>HIV-1</subject><subject>Homosexuality, Male - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Men</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Risk-Taking</subject><subject>Sexual Behavior - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Sexual Partners</subject><subject>Substance-Related Disorders - epidemiology</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Unsafe Sex - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Viral Load</subject><subject>Viremia - blood</subject><issn>1525-4135</issn><issn>1944-7884</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kdFu0zAUhiMEYmPwBghZ4oYLMuzYTpwbpFJttFIRQoPu0jp1ThePxO7spGMvwvPi0jHGLvCNfXy-88u__yx7yegxo3X17stkfkzvr5qLR9khq4XIK6XE43SWhcwF4_IgexbjJaWsFKJ-mh0UpSokq6rD7OdsviRT3_ejs8MNWdoAHVl4aAi4hpyCGXyIZBKjNxYGbMi5HVpy0uH2d5V47C2QSe_dBYG_SvkHiKl_Bv2mQ-LX5BM6ct56MoMtkjP8sRfa3VpHluCMH7cY3pIpOGjgefZkDV3EF7f7Ufbt9OTrdJYvPn-cTyeL3Eimks9yJUwpQRjJeaNKCsg5ssZwpRhflWtZrhqeXFdCFqJBKpJrVmNBCy4qxvhR9n6vuxlXPTYG3ZA-QG-C7SHcaA9W_9txttUXfquF4hUt6yTw5lYg-KsR46B7Gw12HTj0Y9SsqmldKFHv0NcP0Es_BpfsJUqVlWKSF4kSe8oEH2PA9d1jGNW74HUKXj8MPo29um_kbuhP0glQe-DadwOG-L0brzHoFqEb2v9r_wI5_Lig</recordid><startdate>20160501</startdate><enddate>20160501</enddate><creator>Moore, David M</creator><creator>Cui, Zishan</creator><creator>Lachowsky, Nathan</creator><creator>Raymond, Henry F</creator><creator>Roth, Eric</creator><creator>Rich, Ashleigh</creator><creator>Sereda, Paul</creator><creator>Howard, Terry</creator><creator>McFarland, Willi</creator><creator>Lal, Allan</creator><creator>Montaner, Julio</creator><creator>Corneil, Trevor</creator><creator>Hogg, Robert S</creator><general>Copyright Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved</general><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ovid Technologies</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160501</creationdate><title>HIV Community Viral Load and Factors Associated With Elevated Viremia Among a Community-Based Sample of Men Who Have Sex With Men in Vancouver, Canada</title><author>Moore, David M ; Cui, Zishan ; Lachowsky, Nathan ; Raymond, Henry F ; Roth, Eric ; Rich, Ashleigh ; Sereda, Paul ; Howard, Terry ; McFarland, Willi ; Lal, Allan ; Montaner, Julio ; Corneil, Trevor ; Hogg, Robert S</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5184-76b4c65a4c533d860ae33e1dc38813b6f56bd316474524de0451719e202347113</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Canada - epidemiology</topic><topic>CD4 Lymphocyte Count</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Gays & lesbians</topic><topic>HIV</topic><topic>HIV Infections - blood</topic><topic>HIV Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>HIV Infections - prevention & control</topic><topic>HIV-1</topic><topic>Homosexuality, Male - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Human immunodeficiency virus</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Men</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Regression analysis</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Risk-Taking</topic><topic>Sexual Behavior - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Sexual Partners</topic><topic>Substance-Related Disorders - epidemiology</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Unsafe Sex - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Viral Load</topic><topic>Viremia - blood</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Moore, David M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cui, Zishan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lachowsky, Nathan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raymond, Henry F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roth, Eric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rich, Ashleigh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sereda, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Howard, Terry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McFarland, Willi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lal, Allan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Montaner, Julio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Corneil, Trevor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hogg, Robert S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Momentum Health Study team</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Moore, David M</au><au>Cui, Zishan</au><au>Lachowsky, Nathan</au><au>Raymond, Henry F</au><au>Roth, Eric</au><au>Rich, Ashleigh</au><au>Sereda, Paul</au><au>Howard, Terry</au><au>McFarland, Willi</au><au>Lal, Allan</au><au>Montaner, Julio</au><au>Corneil, Trevor</au><au>Hogg, Robert S</au><aucorp>Momentum Health Study team</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>HIV Community Viral Load and Factors Associated With Elevated Viremia Among a Community-Based Sample of Men Who Have Sex With Men in Vancouver, Canada</atitle><jtitle>Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)</jtitle><addtitle>J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr</addtitle><date>2016-05-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>72</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>87</spage><epage>95</epage><pages>87-95</pages><issn>1525-4135</issn><eissn>1944-7884</eissn><coden>JDSRET</coden><abstract>BACKGROUND:We developed estimates of community viral load (VL) and risk factors for unsuppressed VL from a cross-sectional study of men who have sex with men (MSM) in Vancouver, Canada.
METHODS:MSM were recruited from February 25, 2012 to February 28, 2014 using respondent-driven sampling (RDS). Participants completed a computer-assisted self-interview questionnaire and a nurse-administered point-of-care HIV test. For HIV-positive participants, we conducted VL and CD4 cell counts. We used RDS-weighted analysis to obtain population estimates of key variables and multivariable logistic regression to examine factors associated with having a VL of ≥200 copies per milliliter among HIV-positive participants.
RESULTS:We recruited 719 participants, of whom 119 (16.6%) were seeds. Our estimate of the population prevalence of HIV was 23.4% [95% confidence interval (CI)15.8% to 31.0%] after RDS adjustments. We estimated that 18.6% (95% CI8.8% to 30.4%) of HIV-positive MSM in Vancouver had a VL of ≥200 copies per milliliter. Having an unsuppressed VL was associated with non-white ethnicity [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.34; 95% CI1.67 to 11.1], an annual income of <$15,000 CAD (AOR = 6.43; 95% CI2.08 to 19.9), using gamma-hydroxy butyrate in the previous 6 months (AOR = 4.85; 95% CI1.79 to 13.2), unprotected anal intercourse with a known HIV-negative or an unknown serostatus partner (AOR = 3.13; 95% CI1.10 to 8.90), and disclosing oneʼs HIV serostatus ≥50% of the time (AOR = 7.04; 95% CI1.01 to 49.1).
CONCLUSION:Despite a high prevalence of HIV, we estimated that a small proportion of HIV-positive MSM have undiagnosed HIV and unsuppressed VL. Our results highlight the importance of continued work to address health inequities using a framework based on social determinants of health.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Copyright Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved</pub><pmid>26825177</pmid><doi>10.1097/QAI.0000000000000934</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2016-05, Vol.72 (1), p.87-95 |
| issn | 1525-4135 1944-7884 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Journals@Ovid LWW Legacy Archive; Free E- Journals; Journals@Ovid Complete |
| subjects | Adult Canada - epidemiology CD4 Lymphocyte Count Cross-Sectional Studies Gays & lesbians HIV HIV Infections - blood HIV Infections - epidemiology HIV Infections - prevention & control HIV-1 Homosexuality, Male - statistics & numerical data Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Male Men Middle Aged Regression analysis Risk Factors Risk-Taking Sexual Behavior - statistics & numerical data Sexual Partners Substance-Related Disorders - epidemiology Surveys and Questionnaires Unsafe Sex - statistics & numerical data Viral Load Viremia - blood |
| title | HIV Community Viral Load and Factors Associated With Elevated Viremia Among a Community-Based Sample of Men Who Have Sex With Men in Vancouver, Canada |
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