Paradox of pattern separation and adult neurogenesis: A dual role for new neurons balancing memory resolution and robustness
•Memory involves a competition between pattern separation and pattern completion.•Adult-born dentate granule cells act as broad input integrators and network sparsifiers.•Adult neurogenesis permits the dynamic regulation of memory resolution and robustness. Hippocampal adult neurogenesis is thought...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Neurobiology of learning and memory 2016-03, Vol.129, p.60-68 |
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| container_title | Neurobiology of learning and memory |
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| creator | Johnston, Stephen T. Shtrahman, Matthew Parylak, Sarah Gonçalves, J. Tiago Gage, Fred H. |
| description | •Memory involves a competition between pattern separation and pattern completion.•Adult-born dentate granule cells act as broad input integrators and network sparsifiers.•Adult neurogenesis permits the dynamic regulation of memory resolution and robustness.
Hippocampal adult neurogenesis is thought to subserve pattern separation, the process by which similar patterns of neuronal inputs are transformed into distinct neuronal representations, permitting the discrimination of highly similar stimuli in hippocampus-dependent tasks. However, the mechanism by which immature adult-born dentate granule neurons cells (abDGCs) perform this function remains unknown. Two theories of abDGC function, one by which abDGCs modulate and sparsify activity in the dentate gyrus and one by which abDGCs act as autonomous coding units, are generally suggested to be mutually exclusive. This review suggests that these two mechanisms work in tandem to dynamically regulate memory resolution while avoiding memory interference and maintaining memory robustness. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.nlm.2015.10.013 |
| format | Article |
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Hippocampal adult neurogenesis is thought to subserve pattern separation, the process by which similar patterns of neuronal inputs are transformed into distinct neuronal representations, permitting the discrimination of highly similar stimuli in hippocampus-dependent tasks. However, the mechanism by which immature adult-born dentate granule neurons cells (abDGCs) perform this function remains unknown. Two theories of abDGC function, one by which abDGCs modulate and sparsify activity in the dentate gyrus and one by which abDGCs act as autonomous coding units, are generally suggested to be mutually exclusive. This review suggests that these two mechanisms work in tandem to dynamically regulate memory resolution while avoiding memory interference and maintaining memory robustness.</description><subject>Adult neurogenesis</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Dentate gyrus</subject><subject>Dentate Gyrus - physiology</subject><subject>Hippocampus - physiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Memory</subject><subject>Memory - physiology</subject><subject>Memory resolution</subject><subject>Memory robustness</subject><subject>Models, Neurological</subject><subject>Neurobiology</subject><subject>Neurogenesis</subject><subject>Neurons</subject><subject>Neurons - physiology</subject><subject>Pattern completion</subject><subject>Pattern Recognition, Visual - physiology</subject><subject>Pattern separation</subject><issn>1074-7427</issn><issn>1095-9564</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUuLFDEUhYMozkN_gBsJuHFTbZ6VioIwDI4ODOhC1yGV3GrTVCVtUjU64I83bY_NOItZJbn3u4ecexB6QcmKEtq-2aziOK0YobK-V4TyR-iYEi0bLVvxeHdXolGCqSN0UsqGEEql7p6iI9ZKoVumjtHvLzZbn37hNOCtnWfIERfY1uIcUsQ2emz9Ms44wpLTGiKUUN7iM-wXO-KcRsBDyrX7c0_Egns72uhCXOMJppRvcIaSxuWgl1O_lLkKlWfoyWDHAs9vz1P07eLD1_NPzdXnj5fnZ1eNk0LOzcC8lIP33HPeU8e8FYQKyoTr-l64vlLdIFvCpLZODy2nVHE-OCsc9EwLfore73W3Sz-BdxDnbEezzWGy-cYkG8z_nRi-m3W6NkJpphivAq9vBXL6sUCZzRSKg7EahbQUQ5XiXd020RV9dQ_dpCXHau8vJTgXXVcpuqdcTqVkGA6focTssjUbU7M1u2x3pZptnXl518Vh4l-YFXi3B6Du8jpANsUFiA58yOBm41N4QP4PRaS38Q</recordid><startdate>20160301</startdate><enddate>20160301</enddate><creator>Johnston, Stephen T.</creator><creator>Shtrahman, Matthew</creator><creator>Parylak, Sarah</creator><creator>Gonçalves, J. 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Hippocampal adult neurogenesis is thought to subserve pattern separation, the process by which similar patterns of neuronal inputs are transformed into distinct neuronal representations, permitting the discrimination of highly similar stimuli in hippocampus-dependent tasks. However, the mechanism by which immature adult-born dentate granule neurons cells (abDGCs) perform this function remains unknown. Two theories of abDGC function, one by which abDGCs modulate and sparsify activity in the dentate gyrus and one by which abDGCs act as autonomous coding units, are generally suggested to be mutually exclusive. This review suggests that these two mechanisms work in tandem to dynamically regulate memory resolution while avoiding memory interference and maintaining memory robustness.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>26549627</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.nlm.2015.10.013</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete |
| subjects | Adult neurogenesis Animals Dentate gyrus Dentate Gyrus - physiology Hippocampus - physiology Humans Memory Memory - physiology Memory resolution Memory robustness Models, Neurological Neurobiology Neurogenesis Neurons Neurons - physiology Pattern completion Pattern Recognition, Visual - physiology Pattern separation |
| title | Paradox of pattern separation and adult neurogenesis: A dual role for new neurons balancing memory resolution and robustness |
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