Effects of extremely low frequency pulsed magnetic fields on diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-treated rats
Extremely low frequency pulsed magnetic fields (ELFPMF) have been shown to induce Faraday currents and measurable effects on biological systems. A kind of very high frequency electromagnetic field was reported that it improved the symptoms of diabetic nephropathy (DN) which is a major complication o...
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| creator | Li, Feijiang Lei, Tao Xie, Kangning Wu, Xiaoming Tang, Chi Jiang, Maogang Liu, Juan Luo, Erping Shen, Guanghao |
| description | Extremely low frequency pulsed magnetic fields (ELFPMF) have been shown to induce Faraday currents and measurable effects on biological systems. A kind of very high frequency electromagnetic field was reported that it improved the symptoms of diabetic nephropathy (DN) which is a major complication of diabetes. However, few studies have examined the effects of ELFPMF DN at the present. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of ELFPMF on DN in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats.
Adult male SD rats were randomly divided into three weight-matched groups: Control (non-diabetic rats without DN), DN + ELFPMF (diabetic rats with DN exposed to ELFPMF, 8 h/days, 6 weeks) and DN (diabetic rats with DN exposed to sham ELFPMF). Renal morphology was examined by light and electron microscopy, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were measured by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay.
After 6 weeks' ELFPMF exposure, alterations of hyperglycemia and weight loss in STZ-treated rats with DN were not found, while both positive and negative effects of ELFPMF on the development of DN in diabetic rats were observed. The positive one was that ELFPMF exposure attenuated the pathological alterations in renal structure observed in STZ-treated rats with DN, which were demonstrated by slighter glomerular and tubule-interstitial lesions examined by light microscopy and slighter damage to glomerular basement membrane and podocyte foot processes examined by electron microscopy. And then, the negative one was that ELFPMF stimulation statistically significantly decreased renal expression of VEGF-A and statistically significantly increased renal expression of CTGF in diabetic rats with DN, which might partially aggravate the symptoms of DN.
Both positive and negative effects of ELFPMF on the development of DN in diabetic rats were observed. The positive effect induced by ELFPMF might play a dominant role in the procession of DN in diabetic rats, and it is suggested that the positive effect should be derived from the correction of pathogenic diabetes-induced mediators. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1186/s12938-015-0121-6 |
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Adult male SD rats were randomly divided into three weight-matched groups: Control (non-diabetic rats without DN), DN + ELFPMF (diabetic rats with DN exposed to ELFPMF, 8 h/days, 6 weeks) and DN (diabetic rats with DN exposed to sham ELFPMF). Renal morphology was examined by light and electron microscopy, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were measured by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay.
After 6 weeks' ELFPMF exposure, alterations of hyperglycemia and weight loss in STZ-treated rats with DN were not found, while both positive and negative effects of ELFPMF on the development of DN in diabetic rats were observed. The positive one was that ELFPMF exposure attenuated the pathological alterations in renal structure observed in STZ-treated rats with DN, which were demonstrated by slighter glomerular and tubule-interstitial lesions examined by light microscopy and slighter damage to glomerular basement membrane and podocyte foot processes examined by electron microscopy. And then, the negative one was that ELFPMF stimulation statistically significantly decreased renal expression of VEGF-A and statistically significantly increased renal expression of CTGF in diabetic rats with DN, which might partially aggravate the symptoms of DN.
Both positive and negative effects of ELFPMF on the development of DN in diabetic rats were observed. The positive effect induced by ELFPMF might play a dominant role in the procession of DN in diabetic rats, and it is suggested that the positive effect should be derived from the correction of pathogenic diabetes-induced mediators.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1475-925X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1475-925X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/s12938-015-0121-6</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26786255</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: BioMed Central Ltd</publisher><subject>Animals ; Blood Glucose - metabolism ; Body Weight - drug effects ; Care and treatment ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor - metabolism ; Development and progression ; Diabetic nephropathies ; Diabetic Nephropathies - chemically induced ; Diabetic Nephropathies - metabolism ; Diabetic Nephropathies - pathology ; Diabetic Nephropathies - therapy ; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects ; Hyperglycemia ; Kidney - drug effects ; Kidney - metabolism ; Kidney - pathology ; Magnetic Field Therapy ; Male ; Patient outcomes ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Risk factors ; Streptozocin ; Streptozocin - adverse effects ; Time Factors ; Vascular endothelial growth factor ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - metabolism</subject><ispartof>Biomedical engineering online, 2016-01, Vol.15 (8), p.8-8, Article 8</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 BioMed Central Ltd.</rights><rights>Copyright BioMed Central 2016</rights><rights>Li et al. 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c528t-d7d8f5f72d3111f16f5776bcda648b5ee990b472d1f8c051a6507b5c1c1231583</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c528t-d7d8f5f72d3111f16f5776bcda648b5ee990b472d1f8c051a6507b5c1c1231583</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4717615/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4717615/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,861,882,27905,27906,53772,53774</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26786255$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Li, Feijiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lei, Tao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xie, Kangning</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Xiaoming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tang, Chi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Maogang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Juan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luo, Erping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shen, Guanghao</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of extremely low frequency pulsed magnetic fields on diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-treated rats</title><title>Biomedical engineering online</title><addtitle>Biomed Eng Online</addtitle><description>Extremely low frequency pulsed magnetic fields (ELFPMF) have been shown to induce Faraday currents and measurable effects on biological systems. A kind of very high frequency electromagnetic field was reported that it improved the symptoms of diabetic nephropathy (DN) which is a major complication of diabetes. However, few studies have examined the effects of ELFPMF DN at the present. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of ELFPMF on DN in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats.
Adult male SD rats were randomly divided into three weight-matched groups: Control (non-diabetic rats without DN), DN + ELFPMF (diabetic rats with DN exposed to ELFPMF, 8 h/days, 6 weeks) and DN (diabetic rats with DN exposed to sham ELFPMF). Renal morphology was examined by light and electron microscopy, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were measured by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay.
After 6 weeks' ELFPMF exposure, alterations of hyperglycemia and weight loss in STZ-treated rats with DN were not found, while both positive and negative effects of ELFPMF on the development of DN in diabetic rats were observed. The positive one was that ELFPMF exposure attenuated the pathological alterations in renal structure observed in STZ-treated rats with DN, which were demonstrated by slighter glomerular and tubule-interstitial lesions examined by light microscopy and slighter damage to glomerular basement membrane and podocyte foot processes examined by electron microscopy. And then, the negative one was that ELFPMF stimulation statistically significantly decreased renal expression of VEGF-A and statistically significantly increased renal expression of CTGF in diabetic rats with DN, which might partially aggravate the symptoms of DN.
Both positive and negative effects of ELFPMF on the development of DN in diabetic rats were observed. The positive effect induced by ELFPMF might play a dominant role in the procession of DN in diabetic rats, and it is suggested that the positive effect should be derived from the correction of pathogenic diabetes-induced mediators.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Blood Glucose - metabolism</subject><subject>Body Weight - drug effects</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Connective Tissue Growth Factor - metabolism</subject><subject>Development and progression</subject><subject>Diabetic nephropathies</subject><subject>Diabetic Nephropathies - chemically induced</subject><subject>Diabetic Nephropathies - metabolism</subject><subject>Diabetic Nephropathies - pathology</subject><subject>Diabetic Nephropathies - therapy</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects</subject><subject>Hyperglycemia</subject><subject>Kidney - drug effects</subject><subject>Kidney - metabolism</subject><subject>Kidney - pathology</subject><subject>Magnetic Field Therapy</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Patient outcomes</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Streptozocin</subject><subject>Streptozocin - adverse effects</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Vascular endothelial growth factor</subject><subject>Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - metabolism</subject><issn>1475-925X</issn><issn>1475-925X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNptkt9r1TAUx4s43Jz-Ab5IwBd96Mxpm6R9EcaYOhgI_gDfQpom92a0SU1St-tf77nebe6KhJDknM_5hpx8i-IF0BOAlr9NUHV1W1JgOCso-aPiCBrByq5i3x8_2B8WT1O6orSilHdPisOKi5ZXjB0V87m1RudEgiXmJkczmXFDxnBNbDQ_FuP1hszLmMxAJrXyJjtNrDPjgBWeDE71f0LezOsYZpXXG-I8SSg05_Ar5KCdL_GkMipEldOz4sAq1Ht-ux4X396ffz37WF5--nBxdnpZala1uRzE0FpmRTXUAGCBWyYE7_WgeNP2zJiuo32DabCtpgwUZ1T0TIOGqgbW1sfFu53uvPSTGbTxOapRztFNKm5kUE7uZ7xby1X4KRsBggNDgde3AjFgI1KWk0vajKPyJixJIkU7qIFzRF_9g16FJXp8HlKiFqzlovlLrdRopPM24L16KypPm4YKzhreIXXyHwrHYCangzfWYXyv4M1eATIZf3KllpTkxZfP-yzsWB1DStHY-34AlVtLyZ2lJFpKbi0lt497-bCR9xV3Hqp_A03vx3g</recordid><startdate>20160119</startdate><enddate>20160119</enddate><creator>Li, Feijiang</creator><creator>Lei, Tao</creator><creator>Xie, Kangning</creator><creator>Wu, Xiaoming</creator><creator>Tang, Chi</creator><creator>Jiang, Maogang</creator><creator>Liu, Juan</creator><creator>Luo, Erping</creator><creator>Shen, Guanghao</creator><general>BioMed Central Ltd</general><general>BioMed Central</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160119</creationdate><title>Effects of extremely low frequency pulsed magnetic fields on diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-treated rats</title><author>Li, Feijiang ; Lei, Tao ; Xie, Kangning ; Wu, Xiaoming ; Tang, Chi ; Jiang, Maogang ; Liu, Juan ; Luo, Erping ; Shen, Guanghao</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c528t-d7d8f5f72d3111f16f5776bcda648b5ee990b472d1f8c051a6507b5c1c1231583</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Blood Glucose - metabolism</topic><topic>Body Weight - drug effects</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>Connective Tissue Growth Factor - metabolism</topic><topic>Development and progression</topic><topic>Diabetic nephropathies</topic><topic>Diabetic Nephropathies - chemically induced</topic><topic>Diabetic Nephropathies - metabolism</topic><topic>Diabetic Nephropathies - pathology</topic><topic>Diabetic Nephropathies - therapy</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects</topic><topic>Hyperglycemia</topic><topic>Kidney - drug effects</topic><topic>Kidney - metabolism</topic><topic>Kidney - pathology</topic><topic>Magnetic Field Therapy</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Patient outcomes</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Streptozocin</topic><topic>Streptozocin - adverse effects</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Vascular endothelial growth factor</topic><topic>Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Li, Feijiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lei, Tao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xie, Kangning</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Xiaoming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tang, Chi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Maogang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Juan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luo, Erping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shen, Guanghao</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Biomedical engineering online</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Li, Feijiang</au><au>Lei, Tao</au><au>Xie, Kangning</au><au>Wu, Xiaoming</au><au>Tang, Chi</au><au>Jiang, Maogang</au><au>Liu, Juan</au><au>Luo, Erping</au><au>Shen, Guanghao</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of extremely low frequency pulsed magnetic fields on diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-treated rats</atitle><jtitle>Biomedical engineering online</jtitle><addtitle>Biomed Eng Online</addtitle><date>2016-01-19</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>8</spage><epage>8</epage><pages>8-8</pages><artnum>8</artnum><issn>1475-925X</issn><eissn>1475-925X</eissn><abstract>Extremely low frequency pulsed magnetic fields (ELFPMF) have been shown to induce Faraday currents and measurable effects on biological systems. A kind of very high frequency electromagnetic field was reported that it improved the symptoms of diabetic nephropathy (DN) which is a major complication of diabetes. However, few studies have examined the effects of ELFPMF DN at the present. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of ELFPMF on DN in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats.
Adult male SD rats were randomly divided into three weight-matched groups: Control (non-diabetic rats without DN), DN + ELFPMF (diabetic rats with DN exposed to ELFPMF, 8 h/days, 6 weeks) and DN (diabetic rats with DN exposed to sham ELFPMF). Renal morphology was examined by light and electron microscopy, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were measured by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay.
After 6 weeks' ELFPMF exposure, alterations of hyperglycemia and weight loss in STZ-treated rats with DN were not found, while both positive and negative effects of ELFPMF on the development of DN in diabetic rats were observed. The positive one was that ELFPMF exposure attenuated the pathological alterations in renal structure observed in STZ-treated rats with DN, which were demonstrated by slighter glomerular and tubule-interstitial lesions examined by light microscopy and slighter damage to glomerular basement membrane and podocyte foot processes examined by electron microscopy. And then, the negative one was that ELFPMF stimulation statistically significantly decreased renal expression of VEGF-A and statistically significantly increased renal expression of CTGF in diabetic rats with DN, which might partially aggravate the symptoms of DN.
Both positive and negative effects of ELFPMF on the development of DN in diabetic rats were observed. The positive effect induced by ELFPMF might play a dominant role in the procession of DN in diabetic rats, and it is suggested that the positive effect should be derived from the correction of pathogenic diabetes-induced mediators.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BioMed Central Ltd</pub><pmid>26786255</pmid><doi>10.1186/s12938-015-0121-6</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; PubMed Central Open Access; Springer Nature OA Free Journals; Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Animals Blood Glucose - metabolism Body Weight - drug effects Care and treatment Connective Tissue Growth Factor - metabolism Development and progression Diabetic nephropathies Diabetic Nephropathies - chemically induced Diabetic Nephropathies - metabolism Diabetic Nephropathies - pathology Diabetic Nephropathies - therapy Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects Hyperglycemia Kidney - drug effects Kidney - metabolism Kidney - pathology Magnetic Field Therapy Male Patient outcomes Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Risk factors Streptozocin Streptozocin - adverse effects Time Factors Vascular endothelial growth factor Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - metabolism |
| title | Effects of extremely low frequency pulsed magnetic fields on diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-treated rats |
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