Massage-like stroking boosts the immune system in mice
Recent clinical evidence suggests that the therapeutic effect of massage involves the immune system and that this can be exploited as an adjunct therapy together with standard drug-based approaches. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms behind these effects exploring the immunomodulatory fun...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Scientific reports 2015-06, Vol.5 (1), p.10913-10913, Article 10913 |
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| creator | Major, Benjamin Rattazzi, Lorenza Brod, Samuel Pilipović, Ivan Leposavić, Gordana D’Acquisto, Fulvio |
| description | Recent clinical evidence suggests that the therapeutic effect of massage involves the immune system and that this can be exploited as an adjunct therapy together with standard drug-based approaches. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms behind these effects exploring the immunomodulatory function of stroking as a surrogate of massage-like therapy in mice. C57/BL6 mice were stroked daily for 8 days either with a soft brush or directly with a gloved hand and then analysed for differences in their immune repertoire compared to control non-stroked mice. Our results show that hand- but not brush-stroked mice demonstrated a significant increase in thymic and splenic T cell number (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/srep10913 |
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in vivo
. Together our results in mice support the hypothesis that massage-like therapies might be of therapeutic value in the treatment of immunodeficiencies and related disorders and suggest a reduction of the inhibitory noradrenergic tone in lymphoid organs as one of the possible explanations for their immunomodulatory function.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/srep10913</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26046935</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>13/1 ; 13/106 ; 13/21 ; 13/31 ; 13/51 ; 631/250/371 ; 631/378/2620/2621 ; 64/60 ; Animals ; Anxiety ; CD4 antigen ; CD8 antigen ; Cell activation ; Cell number ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Hydrocortisone ; Hydrocortisone - physiology ; Immune system ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunomodulation ; Immunosuppression ; Innervation ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocytes T ; Male ; Massage ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; multidisciplinary ; Norepinephrine ; Science ; Spleen ; Spleen - physiology ; Stroke ; T-Lymphocytes - physiology ; Thymus ; Thymus Gland - cytology ; Thymus Gland - immunology</subject><ispartof>Scientific reports, 2015-06, Vol.5 (1), p.10913-10913, Article 10913</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2015</rights><rights>Copyright Nature Publishing Group Jun 2015</rights><rights>Copyright © 2015, Macmillan Publishers Limited 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c438t-38887e62d7fed7436a20375080a0eb0628eb47f375925ab4faf5c65eb57056de3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c438t-38887e62d7fed7436a20375080a0eb0628eb47f375925ab4faf5c65eb57056de3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4650642/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4650642/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,27901,27902,41096,42165,51551,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26046935$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Major, Benjamin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rattazzi, Lorenza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brod, Samuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pilipović, Ivan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leposavić, Gordana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>D’Acquisto, Fulvio</creatorcontrib><title>Massage-like stroking boosts the immune system in mice</title><title>Scientific reports</title><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><description>Recent clinical evidence suggests that the therapeutic effect of massage involves the immune system and that this can be exploited as an adjunct therapy together with standard drug-based approaches. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms behind these effects exploring the immunomodulatory function of stroking as a surrogate of massage-like therapy in mice. C57/BL6 mice were stroked daily for 8 days either with a soft brush or directly with a gloved hand and then analysed for differences in their immune repertoire compared to control non-stroked mice. Our results show that hand- but not brush-stroked mice demonstrated a significant increase in thymic and splenic T cell number (p < 0.05; p < 0.01). These effects were not associated with significant changes in CD4/CD8 lineage commitment or activation profile. The boosting effects on T cell repertoire of massage-like therapy were associated with a decreased noradrenergic innervation of lymphoid organs and counteracted the immunosuppressive effect of hydrocortisone
in vivo
. Together our results in mice support the hypothesis that massage-like therapies might be of therapeutic value in the treatment of immunodeficiencies and related disorders and suggest a reduction of the inhibitory noradrenergic tone in lymphoid organs as one of the possible explanations for their immunomodulatory function.</description><subject>13/1</subject><subject>13/106</subject><subject>13/21</subject><subject>13/31</subject><subject>13/51</subject><subject>631/250/371</subject><subject>631/378/2620/2621</subject><subject>64/60</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anxiety</subject><subject>CD4 antigen</subject><subject>CD8 antigen</subject><subject>Cell activation</subject><subject>Cell number</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>Hydrocortisone</subject><subject>Hydrocortisone - physiology</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunity, Cellular</subject><subject>Immunomodulation</subject><subject>Immunosuppression</subject><subject>Innervation</subject><subject>Lymphocyte Activation</subject><subject>Lymphocytes T</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Massage</subject><subject>Mice, Inbred C57BL</subject><subject>multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Norepinephrine</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Spleen</subject><subject>Spleen - physiology</subject><subject>Stroke</subject><subject>T-Lymphocytes - physiology</subject><subject>Thymus</subject><subject>Thymus Gland - cytology</subject><subject>Thymus Gland - immunology</subject><issn>2045-2322</issn><issn>2045-2322</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNplkUtLxDAUhYMoKurCPyAFNypU835sBBFfoLjRdUg7t2O0bcakFebfGxkdRs0m4Z6Pc0_uRWif4FOCmT5LEWYEG8LW0DbFXJSUUbq-8t5Ceym94nwENZyYTbRFJebSMLGN5INLyU2hbP0bFGmI4c3306IKIQ2pGF6g8F039lmapwG6wvdF52vYRRuNaxPsfd876Pn66unytrx_vLm7vLgva870UDKttQJJJ6qBieJMOoqZElhjh6HCkmqouGpyyVDhKt64RtRSQCUUFnICbAedL3xnY9XBpIZ-iK61s-g7F-c2OG9_K71_sdPwYbkUWHKaDY6-DWJ4HyENtvOphrZ1PYQxWSK1NMYoojN6-Ad9DWPs8_cs0cYIiZVimTpeUHUMKc--WYYh2H4txC4XktmD1fRL8mf8GThZAClL_RTiSst_bp_ptJO7</recordid><startdate>20150605</startdate><enddate>20150605</enddate><creator>Major, Benjamin</creator><creator>Rattazzi, Lorenza</creator><creator>Brod, Samuel</creator><creator>Pilipović, Ivan</creator><creator>Leposavić, Gordana</creator><creator>D’Acquisto, Fulvio</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group UK</general><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150605</creationdate><title>Massage-like stroking boosts the immune system in mice</title><author>Major, Benjamin ; Rattazzi, Lorenza ; Brod, Samuel ; Pilipović, Ivan ; Leposavić, Gordana ; D’Acquisto, Fulvio</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c438t-38887e62d7fed7436a20375080a0eb0628eb47f375925ab4faf5c65eb57056de3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>13/1</topic><topic>13/106</topic><topic>13/21</topic><topic>13/31</topic><topic>13/51</topic><topic>631/250/371</topic><topic>631/378/2620/2621</topic><topic>64/60</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anxiety</topic><topic>CD4 antigen</topic><topic>CD8 antigen</topic><topic>Cell activation</topic><topic>Cell number</topic><topic>Humanities and Social Sciences</topic><topic>Hydrocortisone</topic><topic>Hydrocortisone - physiology</topic><topic>Immune system</topic><topic>Immunity, Cellular</topic><topic>Immunomodulation</topic><topic>Immunosuppression</topic><topic>Innervation</topic><topic>Lymphocyte Activation</topic><topic>Lymphocytes T</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Massage</topic><topic>Mice, Inbred C57BL</topic><topic>multidisciplinary</topic><topic>Norepinephrine</topic><topic>Science</topic><topic>Spleen</topic><topic>Spleen - physiology</topic><topic>Stroke</topic><topic>T-Lymphocytes - physiology</topic><topic>Thymus</topic><topic>Thymus Gland - cytology</topic><topic>Thymus Gland - immunology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Major, Benjamin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rattazzi, Lorenza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brod, Samuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pilipović, Ivan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leposavić, Gordana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>D’Acquisto, Fulvio</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Major, Benjamin</au><au>Rattazzi, Lorenza</au><au>Brod, Samuel</au><au>Pilipović, Ivan</au><au>Leposavić, Gordana</au><au>D’Acquisto, Fulvio</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Massage-like stroking boosts the immune system in mice</atitle><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle><stitle>Sci Rep</stitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><date>2015-06-05</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>5</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>10913</spage><epage>10913</epage><pages>10913-10913</pages><artnum>10913</artnum><issn>2045-2322</issn><eissn>2045-2322</eissn><abstract>Recent clinical evidence suggests that the therapeutic effect of massage involves the immune system and that this can be exploited as an adjunct therapy together with standard drug-based approaches. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms behind these effects exploring the immunomodulatory function of stroking as a surrogate of massage-like therapy in mice. C57/BL6 mice were stroked daily for 8 days either with a soft brush or directly with a gloved hand and then analysed for differences in their immune repertoire compared to control non-stroked mice. Our results show that hand- but not brush-stroked mice demonstrated a significant increase in thymic and splenic T cell number (p < 0.05; p < 0.01). These effects were not associated with significant changes in CD4/CD8 lineage commitment or activation profile. The boosting effects on T cell repertoire of massage-like therapy were associated with a decreased noradrenergic innervation of lymphoid organs and counteracted the immunosuppressive effect of hydrocortisone
in vivo
. Together our results in mice support the hypothesis that massage-like therapies might be of therapeutic value in the treatment of immunodeficiencies and related disorders and suggest a reduction of the inhibitory noradrenergic tone in lymphoid organs as one of the possible explanations for their immunomodulatory function.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>26046935</pmid><doi>10.1038/srep10913</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 13/1 13/106 13/21 13/31 13/51 631/250/371 631/378/2620/2621 64/60 Animals Anxiety CD4 antigen CD8 antigen Cell activation Cell number Humanities and Social Sciences Hydrocortisone Hydrocortisone - physiology Immune system Immunity, Cellular Immunomodulation Immunosuppression Innervation Lymphocyte Activation Lymphocytes T Male Massage Mice, Inbred C57BL multidisciplinary Norepinephrine Science Spleen Spleen - physiology Stroke T-Lymphocytes - physiology Thymus Thymus Gland - cytology Thymus Gland - immunology |
| title | Massage-like stroking boosts the immune system in mice |
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