HIV Testing by Transgender Status at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Funded Sites in the United States, Puerto Rico, and US Virgin Islands, 2009-2011
We examined HIV testing services, seropositivity, and the characteristics associated with newly identified, confirmed HIV-positive tests among transgender individuals. We analyzed data (2009-2011) using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression to examine the relationships between HIV positivi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of public health (1971) 2015-09, Vol.105 (9), p.1917-1925 |
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| container_issue | 9 |
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| container_title | American journal of public health (1971) |
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| creator | Habarta, Nancy Wang, Guoshen Mulatu, Mesfin S Larish, Nili |
| description | We examined HIV testing services, seropositivity, and the characteristics associated with newly identified, confirmed HIV-positive tests among transgender individuals.
We analyzed data (2009-2011) using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression to examine the relationships between HIV positivity and sociodemographic and risk characteristics among male-to-female transgender individuals.
Most of the testing was conducted in females (51.1%), followed by males (48.7%) and transgender individuals (0.17%). Tests in male-to-female transgender individuals had the highest, newly identified confirmed HIV positivity (2.7%), followed by males (0.9%), female-to-male transgender individuals (0.5%), and females (0.2%). The associated characteristics with an HIV-positive test among male-to-female transgender individuals included ages 20 to 29 and 40 to 49 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.8; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4, 5.6 and AOR = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.3, 5.9, respectively), African American (AOR = 4.6; 95% CI = 2.7, 7.9) or Hispanic/Latino (AOR = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.5, 4.5) race/ethnicity, and reporting sex without condom within the past year (AOR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.3, 2.6), sex with an HIV-positive person (AOR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.1, 2.0), or injection drug use (AOR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.3, 3.0).
High levels of HIV positivity among transgender individuals, particularly male-to-female transgender individuals, underscore the necessity for targeted HIV prevention services that are responsive to the needs of this population. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2105/AJPH.2015.302659 |
| format | Article |
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We analyzed data (2009-2011) using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression to examine the relationships between HIV positivity and sociodemographic and risk characteristics among male-to-female transgender individuals.
Most of the testing was conducted in females (51.1%), followed by males (48.7%) and transgender individuals (0.17%). Tests in male-to-female transgender individuals had the highest, newly identified confirmed HIV positivity (2.7%), followed by males (0.9%), female-to-male transgender individuals (0.5%), and females (0.2%). The associated characteristics with an HIV-positive test among male-to-female transgender individuals included ages 20 to 29 and 40 to 49 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.8; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4, 5.6 and AOR = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.3, 5.9, respectively), African American (AOR = 4.6; 95% CI = 2.7, 7.9) or Hispanic/Latino (AOR = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.5, 4.5) race/ethnicity, and reporting sex without condom within the past year (AOR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.3, 2.6), sex with an HIV-positive person (AOR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.1, 2.0), or injection drug use (AOR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.3, 3.0).
High levels of HIV positivity among transgender individuals, particularly male-to-female transgender individuals, underscore the necessity for targeted HIV prevention services that are responsive to the needs of this population.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0090-0036</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1541-0048</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2015.302659</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26180964</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AJPHDS</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Public Health Association</publisher><subject>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome ; Adult ; AIDS ; Behavior ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Disease control ; Disease prevention ; Drug use ; Female ; Females ; Gender identity ; HIV ; HIV Infections - diagnosis ; HIV Infections - epidemiology ; HIV/AIDS ; Hormones ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Humans ; Infections ; Lesbian/Gay/Bisexual/Transgender Persons ; Male ; Males ; Medical laboratories ; Medical tests ; Population ; Prevention ; Public health ; Public Health Workers ; Puerto Rico - epidemiology ; Research and Practice ; Sex industry ; Sexually transmitted diseases ; Silicones ; STD ; Studies ; Transgender Persons ; United States - epidemiology ; United States Virgin Islands - epidemiology</subject><ispartof>American journal of public health (1971), 2015-09, Vol.105 (9), p.1917-1925</ispartof><rights>Copyright American Public Health Association Sep 2015</rights><rights>American Public Health Association 2015 2015</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-732fd420d2c25a3d6a695690b5d60723fcf17619744a5f6e2ddfd7a7543e53183</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-732fd420d2c25a3d6a695690b5d60723fcf17619744a5f6e2ddfd7a7543e53183</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4539831/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4539831/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27843,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26180964$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Habarta, Nancy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Guoshen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mulatu, Mesfin S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Larish, Nili</creatorcontrib><title>HIV Testing by Transgender Status at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Funded Sites in the United States, Puerto Rico, and US Virgin Islands, 2009-2011</title><title>American journal of public health (1971)</title><addtitle>Am J Public Health</addtitle><description>We examined HIV testing services, seropositivity, and the characteristics associated with newly identified, confirmed HIV-positive tests among transgender individuals.
We analyzed data (2009-2011) using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression to examine the relationships between HIV positivity and sociodemographic and risk characteristics among male-to-female transgender individuals.
Most of the testing was conducted in females (51.1%), followed by males (48.7%) and transgender individuals (0.17%). Tests in male-to-female transgender individuals had the highest, newly identified confirmed HIV positivity (2.7%), followed by males (0.9%), female-to-male transgender individuals (0.5%), and females (0.2%). The associated characteristics with an HIV-positive test among male-to-female transgender individuals included ages 20 to 29 and 40 to 49 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.8; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4, 5.6 and AOR = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.3, 5.9, respectively), African American (AOR = 4.6; 95% CI = 2.7, 7.9) or Hispanic/Latino (AOR = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.5, 4.5) race/ethnicity, and reporting sex without condom within the past year (AOR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.3, 2.6), sex with an HIV-positive person (AOR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.1, 2.0), or injection drug use (AOR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.3, 3.0).
High levels of HIV positivity among transgender individuals, particularly male-to-female transgender individuals, underscore the necessity for targeted HIV prevention services that are responsive to the needs of this population.</description><subject>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>AIDS</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)</subject><subject>Disease control</subject><subject>Disease prevention</subject><subject>Drug use</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Gender identity</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>HIV Infections - diagnosis</subject><subject>HIV Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>HIV/AIDS</subject><subject>Hormones</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Lesbian/Gay/Bisexual/Transgender Persons</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Males</subject><subject>Medical laboratories</subject><subject>Medical tests</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Public Health Workers</subject><subject>Puerto Rico - epidemiology</subject><subject>Research and Practice</subject><subject>Sex industry</subject><subject>Sexually transmitted diseases</subject><subject>Silicones</subject><subject>STD</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Transgender Persons</subject><subject>United States - epidemiology</subject><subject>United States Virgin Islands - 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Testing by Transgender Status at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Funded Sites in the United States, Puerto Rico, and US Virgin Islands, 2009-2011</title><author>Habarta, Nancy ; Wang, Guoshen ; Mulatu, Mesfin S ; Larish, Nili</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-732fd420d2c25a3d6a695690b5d60723fcf17619744a5f6e2ddfd7a7543e53183</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>AIDS</topic><topic>Behavior</topic><topic>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)</topic><topic>Disease control</topic><topic>Disease prevention</topic><topic>Drug use</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Females</topic><topic>Gender identity</topic><topic>HIV</topic><topic>HIV Infections - diagnosis</topic><topic>HIV Infections - 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(1971)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Habarta, Nancy</au><au>Wang, Guoshen</au><au>Mulatu, Mesfin S</au><au>Larish, Nili</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>HIV Testing by Transgender Status at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Funded Sites in the United States, Puerto Rico, and US Virgin Islands, 2009-2011</atitle><jtitle>American journal of public health (1971)</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Public Health</addtitle><date>2015-09</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>105</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>1917</spage><epage>1925</epage><pages>1917-1925</pages><issn>0090-0036</issn><eissn>1541-0048</eissn><coden>AJPHDS</coden><abstract>We examined HIV testing services, seropositivity, and the characteristics associated with newly identified, confirmed HIV-positive tests among transgender individuals.
We analyzed data (2009-2011) using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression to examine the relationships between HIV positivity and sociodemographic and risk characteristics among male-to-female transgender individuals.
Most of the testing was conducted in females (51.1%), followed by males (48.7%) and transgender individuals (0.17%). Tests in male-to-female transgender individuals had the highest, newly identified confirmed HIV positivity (2.7%), followed by males (0.9%), female-to-male transgender individuals (0.5%), and females (0.2%). The associated characteristics with an HIV-positive test among male-to-female transgender individuals included ages 20 to 29 and 40 to 49 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.8; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4, 5.6 and AOR = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.3, 5.9, respectively), African American (AOR = 4.6; 95% CI = 2.7, 7.9) or Hispanic/Latino (AOR = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.5, 4.5) race/ethnicity, and reporting sex without condom within the past year (AOR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.3, 2.6), sex with an HIV-positive person (AOR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.1, 2.0), or injection drug use (AOR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.3, 3.0).
High levels of HIV positivity among transgender individuals, particularly male-to-female transgender individuals, underscore the necessity for targeted HIV prevention services that are responsive to the needs of this population.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Public Health Association</pub><pmid>26180964</pmid><doi>10.2105/AJPH.2015.302659</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| issn | 0090-0036 1541-0048 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Education Source; PAIS Index; Business Source Complete; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Acquired immune deficiency syndrome Adult AIDS Behavior Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) Disease control Disease prevention Drug use Female Females Gender identity HIV HIV Infections - diagnosis HIV Infections - epidemiology HIV/AIDS Hormones Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Infections Lesbian/Gay/Bisexual/Transgender Persons Male Males Medical laboratories Medical tests Population Prevention Public health Public Health Workers Puerto Rico - epidemiology Research and Practice Sex industry Sexually transmitted diseases Silicones STD Studies Transgender Persons United States - epidemiology United States Virgin Islands - epidemiology |
| title | HIV Testing by Transgender Status at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Funded Sites in the United States, Puerto Rico, and US Virgin Islands, 2009-2011 |
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