Behavioral, Metabolic, and Immune Consequences of Chronic Alcohol or Cannabinoids on HIV/AIDs: Studies in the Non-Human Primate SIV Model

HIV-associated mortality has been significantly reduced with antiretroviral therapy (ART), and HIV infection has become a chronic disease that frequently coexists with many disorders, including substance abuse (Azar et al. Drug Alcohol Depend 112:178–193, 2010 ; Phillips et al. J Gen Int Med 16:165,...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology 2015-06, Vol.10 (2), p.217-232
Hauptverfasser: Molina, Patricia E., Amedee, Angela M., Winsauer, Peter, Nelson, Steve, Bagby, Gregory, Simon, Liz
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container_issue 2
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container_title Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology
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creator Molina, Patricia E.
Amedee, Angela M.
Winsauer, Peter
Nelson, Steve
Bagby, Gregory
Simon, Liz
description HIV-associated mortality has been significantly reduced with antiretroviral therapy (ART), and HIV infection has become a chronic disease that frequently coexists with many disorders, including substance abuse (Azar et al. Drug Alcohol Depend 112:178–193, 2010 ; Phillips et al. J Gen Int Med 16:165, 2001 ). Alcohol and drugs of abuse may modify host-pathogen interactions at various levels including behavioral, metabolic, and immune consequences of HIV infection, as well as the ability of the virus to integrate into the genome and replicate in host cells. Identifying mechanisms responsible for these interactions is complicated by many factors, such as the tissue specific responses to viral infection, multiple cellular mechanisms involved in inflammatory responses, neuroendocrine and localized responses to infection, and kinetics of viral replication. An integrated physiological analysis of the biomedical consequences of chronic alcohol and drug use or abuse on disease progression is possible using rhesus macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), a relevant model of HIV infection. This review will provide an overview of the data gathered using this model to show that chronic administration of two of the most commonly abused substances, alcohol and cannabinoids (Δ 9 -Tetrahydrocannabinol; THC), affect host-pathogen interactions.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s11481-015-9599-8
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subjects Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
AIDS
Alcohol
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cannabinoids - administration & dosage
Cannabinoids - toxicity
Cell Biology
Chronic illnesses
Disease Progression
Ethanol - administration & dosage
Ethanol - toxicity
HIV
HIV Infections - etiology
HIV Infections - immunology
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Immunology
Infections
Invited Review
Macaca mulatta
Metabolism
Neurosciences
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - etiology
Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - immunology
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
Viral infections
Virology
title Behavioral, Metabolic, and Immune Consequences of Chronic Alcohol or Cannabinoids on HIV/AIDs: Studies in the Non-Human Primate SIV Model
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