HIV Sexual Risk and Syndemics among Women in Three Urban Areas in the United States: Analysis from HVTN 906

Limited data are available on the longitudinal occurrence of syndemic factors among women at risk for HIV infection in the USA and how these factors relate to sexual risk over time. HVTN 906 was a longitudinal study enrolling 799 HIV-uninfected women in three cities. Assessments were done at baselin...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of urban health 2015-06, Vol.92 (3), p.572-583
Hauptverfasser: Koblin, Beryl A., Grant, Shannon, Frye, Victoria, Superak, Hillary, Sanchez, Brittany, Lucy, Debbie, Dunbar, Debora, Graham, Parrie, Madenwald, Tamra, Escamilia, Gina, Swann, Edith, Morgan, Cecilia, Novak, Richard M., Frank, Ian
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container_end_page 583
container_issue 3
container_start_page 572
container_title Journal of urban health
container_volume 92
creator Koblin, Beryl A.
Grant, Shannon
Frye, Victoria
Superak, Hillary
Sanchez, Brittany
Lucy, Debbie
Dunbar, Debora
Graham, Parrie
Madenwald, Tamra
Escamilia, Gina
Swann, Edith
Morgan, Cecilia
Novak, Richard M.
Frank, Ian
description Limited data are available on the longitudinal occurrence of syndemic factors among women at risk for HIV infection in the USA and how these factors relate to sexual risk over time. HVTN 906 was a longitudinal study enrolling 799 HIV-uninfected women in three cities. Assessments were done at baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months to assess syndemic factors (low education, low income, unemployment, lack of health insurance, housing instability, substance use, heavy alcohol use, partner violence, incarceration) and sexual risk outcomes. For each sexual risk outcome, a GEE model was fit with syndemic factors or syndemic score (defined as sum of binary syndemics, ranging from 0 to 9), visit, study site, age and race/ethnicity as predictors to examine the multivariable association between syndemic factors and outcomes over time. Odds of unprotected sex while drunk or high were significantly higher when women reported lack of health insurance, substance and heavy alcohol use and partner violence. Housing instability, substance and heavy alcohol use, partner violence and recent incarceration were associated with higher odds of having multiple sexual partners. Odds of sex exchange were significantly higher in the presence of unemployment, housing instability, low education, lack of health insurance, substance and heavy alcohol use, partner violence and incarceration. Housing instability, substance and heavy alcohol use, and partner violence were significantly associated with higher odds of unprotected anal sex. Odds of having a recent STI were significantly higher when women reported housing instability and partner violence. There were significantly higher odds of the reporting of any risk outcomes during follow-up with higher syndemic score. This study highlights a group of women experiencing multiple poor social and health outcomes who need to be the focus of comprehensive interventions.
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subjects Adolescent
Adult
Alcoholic beverages
Alcohols
Education
Epidemiology
Female
Health Informatics
HIV
HIV Infections - etiology
Housing
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Intimate Partner Violence - statistics & numerical data
Longitudinal Studies
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
Public Health
Risk Factors
Sexually transmitted diseases
Socioeconomic Factors
STD
Substance use
Substance-Related Disorders - epidemiology
United States - epidemiology
Unsafe Sex - statistics & numerical data
Urban areas
Urban Population - statistics & numerical data
Violence
Women
Young Adult
title HIV Sexual Risk and Syndemics among Women in Three Urban Areas in the United States: Analysis from HVTN 906
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