Relationship between white matter volume and cognitive performance during adolescence: effects of age, sex and risk for drug use

ABSTRACT Aim  Familial drug abuse history has been shown to have an impact on cognitive development during adolescence. The present study examined the relationship between white matter volume and cognitive processing speed in adolescents with and without a familial substance abuse history. Participa...

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Veröffentlicht in:Addiction (Abingdon, England) England), 2008-09, Vol.103 (9), p.1509-1520
Hauptverfasser: Silveri, Marisa M, Tzilos, Golfo K., Yurgelun-Todd, Deborah A.
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container_end_page 1520
container_issue 9
container_start_page 1509
container_title Addiction (Abingdon, England)
container_volume 103
creator Silveri, Marisa M
Tzilos, Golfo K.
Yurgelun-Todd, Deborah A.
description ABSTRACT Aim  Familial drug abuse history has been shown to have an impact on cognitive development during adolescence. The present study examined the relationship between white matter volume and cognitive processing speed in adolescents with and without a familial substance abuse history. Participants  The sample comprised 33 female and male adolescents stratified by risk (family history positive, FH+) and low‐risk (FH−) groups. Measurements  Gray and white matter volumes were measured by segmenting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. The neurocognitive test battery included tests that assessed processing speed, verbal ability and mental flexibility. Findings  Age‐related differences in neuropsychological functioning were seen but did not differ by risk group status, although there was some evidence for an age × gender effect. Information processing speed (digit symbol and Stroop word color naming) was correlated significantly with white matter volume; however, this pattern was observed only in FH− females. Cognitive performance and tissue volumes did not differ significantly between risk groups. Conclusions  Age‐related differences in neuropsychological functioning were seen that might, in larger samples, prove to be related to risk for substance abuse in adolescents who have not yet initiated drug use.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02272.x
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The present study examined the relationship between white matter volume and cognitive processing speed in adolescents with and without a familial substance abuse history. Participants  The sample comprised 33 female and male adolescents stratified by risk (family history positive, FH+) and low‐risk (FH−) groups. Measurements  Gray and white matter volumes were measured by segmenting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. The neurocognitive test battery included tests that assessed processing speed, verbal ability and mental flexibility. Findings  Age‐related differences in neuropsychological functioning were seen but did not differ by risk group status, although there was some evidence for an age × gender effect. Information processing speed (digit symbol and Stroop word color naming) was correlated significantly with white matter volume; however, this pattern was observed only in FH− females. Cognitive performance and tissue volumes did not differ significantly between risk groups. 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subjects Addictive behaviors
Adolescence
Adolescent
Adolescents
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Age
Age differences
Age Factors
Biological and medical sciences
Brain
Brain - pathology
Brain Diseases - pathology
Brain Diseases - physiopathology
brain volume
Child
Cognition
Cognition & reasoning
Cognition Disorders - pathology
Cognition Disorders - physiopathology
cognitive development
Cognitive performance
Drug abuse
Drug addiction
Families & family life
Family
Family history
Female
Gender differences
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Medical sciences
Neuropsychological Tests
Neuropsychology
Prevention and actions
processing speed
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Risk Factors
sex differences
Sex differentiation
Sex Factors
Social problems
Substance abuse
Substance-Related Disorders - pathology
Substance-Related Disorders - physiopathology
Teenagers
title Relationship between white matter volume and cognitive performance during adolescence: effects of age, sex and risk for drug use
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