Physiological stress increases renal injury in eNOS-knockout mice

African Americans have a fourfold greater likelihood of developing end-stage renal disease (ESRD) compared with Caucasians. It has been proposed that the increased prevalence may be explained by non-traditional factors such as environmental stress and psychosocial factors. In this study, we used inf...

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Veröffentlicht in:Hypertension research 2012-03, Vol.35 (3), p.318-324
Hauptverfasser: Pointer, Mildred A, Daumerie, Geraldine, Bridges, LaKessha, Yancey, Sadiqa, Howard, Kelly, Davis, Wendell, Huang, Paul, Loscalzo, Joseph
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container_end_page 324
container_issue 3
container_start_page 318
container_title Hypertension research
container_volume 35
creator Pointer, Mildred A
Daumerie, Geraldine
Bridges, LaKessha
Yancey, Sadiqa
Howard, Kelly
Davis, Wendell
Huang, Paul
Loscalzo, Joseph
description African Americans have a fourfold greater likelihood of developing end-stage renal disease (ESRD) compared with Caucasians. It has been proposed that the increased prevalence may be explained by non-traditional factors such as environmental stress and psychosocial factors. In this study, we used infrequent running to exhaustion as a physiological stressor to mimic real life experiences, such walking up stairs when an elevator is malfunctioning or running to catch a bus, to study its effect on renal injury in a hypertensive mouse model (endothelial nitric oxide synthase-deficient mice; eNOS(-/-)). This model has previously been shown to have renal injury comparable to that observed in African Americans. The effect of physiological stress on renal injury was examined in the setting of low (0.12%), control (0.45%) and high (8%) dietary salt. Following bouts of physiological stress, eNOS(-/-) mice had significantly greater interstitial inflammation compared with unstressed eNOS(-/-) mice (two-way analysis of variance (2-ANOVA), Holm-Sidak; P
doi_str_mv 10.1038/hr.2011.185
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It has been proposed that the increased prevalence may be explained by non-traditional factors such as environmental stress and psychosocial factors. In this study, we used infrequent running to exhaustion as a physiological stressor to mimic real life experiences, such walking up stairs when an elevator is malfunctioning or running to catch a bus, to study its effect on renal injury in a hypertensive mouse model (endothelial nitric oxide synthase-deficient mice; eNOS(-/-)). This model has previously been shown to have renal injury comparable to that observed in African Americans. The effect of physiological stress on renal injury was examined in the setting of low (0.12%), control (0.45%) and high (8%) dietary salt. Following bouts of physiological stress, eNOS(-/-) mice had significantly greater interstitial inflammation compared with unstressed eNOS(-/-) mice (two-way analysis of variance (2-ANOVA), Holm-Sidak; P&lt;0.01). Interestingly, eNOS(-/-) mice on a high-salt diet had greater interstitial inflammation compared with similarly stressed eNOS(-/-) mice on a low- or control-salt diet (2-ANOVA, Holm-Sidak; P&lt;0.03). These effects of stress were independent of systolic blood pressure (141±7, 143±4, and 158±8 vs. 141±4, 138±5, 150±4 mm Hg; end of study vs. baseline, respectively). There was no significant effect of stress or dietary salt on renal injury in control wild-type mice (eNOS(+)/(+)). These data demonstrate that physiological stress exacerbates the renal injury associated with hypertension and that high-salt compounds this effect of stress. 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Interestingly, eNOS(-/-) mice on a high-salt diet had greater interstitial inflammation compared with similarly stressed eNOS(-/-) mice on a low- or control-salt diet (2-ANOVA, Holm-Sidak; P&lt;0.03). These effects of stress were independent of systolic blood pressure (141±7, 143±4, and 158±8 vs. 141±4, 138±5, 150±4 mm Hg; end of study vs. baseline, respectively). There was no significant effect of stress or dietary salt on renal injury in control wild-type mice (eNOS(+)/(+)). These data demonstrate that physiological stress exacerbates the renal injury associated with hypertension and that high-salt compounds this effect of stress. 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subjects Animals
Blood Pressure - drug effects
Blood Pressure - physiology
Disease Models, Animal
Hypertension - chemically induced
Hypertension - complications
Kidney - drug effects
Kidney - pathology
Kidney - physiopathology
Kidney Diseases - enzymology
Kidney Diseases - physiopathology
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Mice, Knockout
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III - deficiency
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III - genetics
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III - physiology
Physical Conditioning, Animal - physiology
Sodium Chloride, Dietary - adverse effects
Sodium Chloride, Dietary - pharmacology
Stress, Physiological - physiology
title Physiological stress increases renal injury in eNOS-knockout mice
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