A child an hour: burden of injury deaths among children under 5 in Pakistan
Background Globally, more than 875 000 children under the age of 18 die due to injury every year. The rate of child injury death is 3.4 times higher in low-income and middle-income countries than in high-income countries. Objectives To study injury mortality burden among children under the age of 5...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Archives of disease in childhood 2013-11, Vol.98 (11), p.867-871 |
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| creator | Razzak, Junaid A Khan, Uzma Rahim Zia, Nukhba Azam, Iqbal |
| description | Background Globally, more than 875 000 children under the age of 18 die due to injury every year. The rate of child injury death is 3.4 times higher in low-income and middle-income countries than in high-income countries. Objectives To study injury mortality burden among children under the age of 5 in Pakistan. Methods Demographic and Health Survey in Pakistan was conducted from September 2006 until February 2007. It included 95 000 households, out of which 3232 households had death of a child under the age of 5 from January 2005 onwards. The Child Verbal Autopsy Questionnaire (CVAQ) was administered to these households with a response rate of 96%. Results For age group 0–5 years, injury was the sixth leading cause of death and was responsible for 2.5% of all deaths (n=73). For age group 1–5 years, injury was found to be the third leading cause of death (11%) after diarrhoea (18%) and pneumonia (17%). The overall under fives mortality rate due to injury was estimated at 39.5 per 100 000 per year in Pakistan. Drowning (22%), road traffic injuries (12%), burns (11%) and falls (10%) were the most common types of injury. The mortality rate was twice as high in rural areas (32 per 100 000; 95% CI 18 to 45), compared to the urban areas (15 per 100 000; 95% CI 0.3 to 29). Conclusions Injury is the third leading cause of deaths among children 1–5 in Pakistan. The burden is twice as high in rural areas. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1136/archdischild-2013-303654 |
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The rate of child injury death is 3.4 times higher in low-income and middle-income countries than in high-income countries. Objectives To study injury mortality burden among children under the age of 5 in Pakistan. Methods Demographic and Health Survey in Pakistan was conducted from September 2006 until February 2007. It included 95 000 households, out of which 3232 households had death of a child under the age of 5 from January 2005 onwards. The Child Verbal Autopsy Questionnaire (CVAQ) was administered to these households with a response rate of 96%. Results For age group 0–5 years, injury was the sixth leading cause of death and was responsible for 2.5% of all deaths (n=73). For age group 1–5 years, injury was found to be the third leading cause of death (11%) after diarrhoea (18%) and pneumonia (17%). The overall under fives mortality rate due to injury was estimated at 39.5 per 100 000 per year in Pakistan. Drowning (22%), road traffic injuries (12%), burns (11%) and falls (10%) were the most common types of injury. The mortality rate was twice as high in rural areas (32 per 100 000; 95% CI 18 to 45), compared to the urban areas (15 per 100 000; 95% CI 0.3 to 29). Conclusions Injury is the third leading cause of deaths among children 1–5 in Pakistan. The burden is twice as high in rural areas.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-9888</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1468-2044</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2013-303654</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23956258</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ADCHAK</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health</publisher><subject>Accidental Falls - mortality ; Accidents, Traffic - mortality ; Age ; Attrition (Research Studies) ; Biological and medical sciences ; Burns - mortality ; Cause of Death ; Causes of ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Children & youth ; Childrens health ; Death ; Disability ; Drowning ; Drowning - mortality ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Forecasts and trends ; General aspects ; Health Surveys ; Households ; Humans ; Income ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Injuries ; Injury Prevention ; Male ; Market trend/market analysis ; Medical sciences ; Miscellaneous ; Mortality ; Mortality Rate ; Pakistan ; Pakistan - epidemiology ; Pediatric injuries ; Pneumonia ; Population ; Prevention ; Prevention and actions ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Questionnaires ; Response rates ; Response Rates (Questionnaires) ; Rural areas ; Rural Health - statistics & numerical data ; Rural Urban Differences ; Sampling ; Statistical Analysis ; Studies ; Trauma ; Urban areas ; Urban Health - statistics & numerical data ; Wounds and Injuries - etiology ; Wounds and Injuries - mortality</subject><ispartof>Archives of disease in childhood, 2013-11, Vol.98 (11), p.867-871</ispartof><rights>Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions</rights><rights>2014 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright: 2013 Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b598t-dc7b028cd1bda46e2bae3dc68dc879c9068bee79a49345078fdfc02a371253013</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b598t-dc7b028cd1bda46e2bae3dc68dc879c9068bee79a49345078fdfc02a371253013</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttp://adc.bmj.com/content/98/11/867.full.pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Gbmj$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttp://adc.bmj.com/content/98/11/867.full$$EHTML$$P50$$Gbmj$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>114,115,230,314,776,780,881,3183,23550,27901,27902,77343,77374</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=27909251$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23956258$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Razzak, Junaid A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khan, Uzma Rahim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zia, Nukhba</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Azam, Iqbal</creatorcontrib><title>A child an hour: burden of injury deaths among children under 5 in Pakistan</title><title>Archives of disease in childhood</title><addtitle>Arch Dis Child</addtitle><description>Background Globally, more than 875 000 children under the age of 18 die due to injury every year. The rate of child injury death is 3.4 times higher in low-income and middle-income countries than in high-income countries. Objectives To study injury mortality burden among children under the age of 5 in Pakistan. Methods Demographic and Health Survey in Pakistan was conducted from September 2006 until February 2007. It included 95 000 households, out of which 3232 households had death of a child under the age of 5 from January 2005 onwards. The Child Verbal Autopsy Questionnaire (CVAQ) was administered to these households with a response rate of 96%. Results For age group 0–5 years, injury was the sixth leading cause of death and was responsible for 2.5% of all deaths (n=73). For age group 1–5 years, injury was found to be the third leading cause of death (11%) after diarrhoea (18%) and pneumonia (17%). The overall under fives mortality rate due to injury was estimated at 39.5 per 100 000 per year in Pakistan. Drowning (22%), road traffic injuries (12%), burns (11%) and falls (10%) were the most common types of injury. The mortality rate was twice as high in rural areas (32 per 100 000; 95% CI 18 to 45), compared to the urban areas (15 per 100 000; 95% CI 0.3 to 29). Conclusions Injury is the third leading cause of deaths among children 1–5 in Pakistan. The burden is twice as high in rural areas.</description><subject>Accidental Falls - mortality</subject><subject>Accidents, Traffic - mortality</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Attrition (Research Studies)</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Burns - mortality</subject><subject>Cause of Death</subject><subject>Causes of</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Childrens health</subject><subject>Death</subject><subject>Disability</subject><subject>Drowning</subject><subject>Drowning - mortality</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Forecasts and trends</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Health Surveys</subject><subject>Households</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Income</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Injuries</subject><subject>Injury Prevention</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Market trend/market analysis</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Miscellaneous</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Mortality Rate</subject><subject>Pakistan</subject><subject>Pakistan - epidemiology</subject><subject>Pediatric injuries</subject><subject>Pneumonia</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Prevention and actions</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Response rates</subject><subject>Response Rates (Questionnaires)</subject><subject>Rural areas</subject><subject>Rural Health - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Rural Urban Differences</subject><subject>Sampling</subject><subject>Statistical Analysis</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Trauma</subject><subject>Urban areas</subject><subject>Urban Health - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Wounds and Injuries - etiology</subject><subject>Wounds and Injuries - mortality</subject><issn>0003-9888</issn><issn>1468-2044</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkV-L1DAUxYso7uzqV5CACL5U87e98UEYBl3F0RVdRXwJaZJOO9uma9LK7rc3Y8fZ1SefArm_ezjnnixDBD8jhBXPdTCNbaNp2s7mFBOWM8wKwe9kC8ILSF-c380WGGOWSwA4yo5j3GJMKAC7nx1RJkVBBSyyd0v0WwVpj5phCi9QNQXrPBpq1PrtFK6RdXpsItL94DczHNJ88tYFJBKEPuqLNo7aP8ju1bqL7uH-Pcm-vH51vnqTr89O366W67wSEsbcmrLCFIwlldW8cLTSjllTgDVQSiNxAZVzpdRcMi5wCbWtDaaalYQKlsKeZC9n3cup6p01zo9Bd-oytL0O12rQrfp74ttGbYafijPCJcdJ4OleIAw_JhdH1adjuq7T3g1TVIRzxokEDAl9_A-6TVfyKZ4iQEHSUgBLVD5TG9051Xoz-NFdjWboOrdxKqVfnaklE5gyKEEmHmbehCHG4OqDeYLVrmF1u2G1a1jNDafVR7fDHxb_VJqAJ3tAR6O7Omhv2njDlRJLKsiN59SduzrMdbhQRclKoT58XalPn79_W6_P36udZzbzVb_9f7u_AAyE0Us</recordid><startdate>20131101</startdate><enddate>20131101</enddate><creator>Razzak, Junaid A</creator><creator>Khan, Uzma Rahim</creator><creator>Zia, Nukhba</creator><creator>Azam, Iqbal</creator><general>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health</general><general>BMJ Publishing Group</general><general>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</general><general>BMJ Publishing Group LTD</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>0-V</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88B</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8A4</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ALSLI</scope><scope>AN0</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BTHHO</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CJNVE</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0P</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PQEDU</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20131101</creationdate><title>A child an hour: burden of injury deaths among children under 5 in Pakistan</title><author>Razzak, Junaid A ; Khan, Uzma Rahim ; Zia, Nukhba ; Azam, Iqbal</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b598t-dc7b028cd1bda46e2bae3dc68dc879c9068bee79a49345078fdfc02a371253013</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Accidental Falls - mortality</topic><topic>Accidents, Traffic - mortality</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Attrition (Research Studies)</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Burns - mortality</topic><topic>Cause of Death</topic><topic>Causes of</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>Childrens health</topic><topic>Death</topic><topic>Disability</topic><topic>Drowning</topic><topic>Drowning - mortality</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Forecasts and trends</topic><topic>General aspects</topic><topic>Health Surveys</topic><topic>Households</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Income</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infant, Newborn</topic><topic>Injuries</topic><topic>Injury Prevention</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Market trend/market analysis</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Miscellaneous</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Mortality Rate</topic><topic>Pakistan</topic><topic>Pakistan - epidemiology</topic><topic>Pediatric injuries</topic><topic>Pneumonia</topic><topic>Population</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>Prevention and actions</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Response rates</topic><topic>Response Rates (Questionnaires)</topic><topic>Rural areas</topic><topic>Rural Health - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Rural Urban Differences</topic><topic>Sampling</topic><topic>Statistical Analysis</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Trauma</topic><topic>Urban areas</topic><topic>Urban Health - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Wounds and Injuries - etiology</topic><topic>Wounds and Injuries - mortality</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Razzak, Junaid A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khan, Uzma Rahim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zia, Nukhba</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Azam, Iqbal</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection【Remote access available】</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health Medical collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Education Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Education Periodicals</collection><collection>STEM Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Social Science Premium Collection (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3)</collection><collection>British Nursing Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>BMJ Journals</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Education Collection (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3)</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biological Sciences</collection><collection>Education Database (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>Science Journals (ProQuest Database)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Education</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Archives of disease in childhood</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Razzak, Junaid A</au><au>Khan, Uzma Rahim</au><au>Zia, Nukhba</au><au>Azam, Iqbal</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A child an hour: burden of injury deaths among children under 5 in Pakistan</atitle><jtitle>Archives of disease in childhood</jtitle><addtitle>Arch Dis Child</addtitle><date>2013-11-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>98</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>867</spage><epage>871</epage><pages>867-871</pages><issn>0003-9888</issn><eissn>1468-2044</eissn><coden>ADCHAK</coden><abstract>Background Globally, more than 875 000 children under the age of 18 die due to injury every year. The rate of child injury death is 3.4 times higher in low-income and middle-income countries than in high-income countries. Objectives To study injury mortality burden among children under the age of 5 in Pakistan. Methods Demographic and Health Survey in Pakistan was conducted from September 2006 until February 2007. It included 95 000 households, out of which 3232 households had death of a child under the age of 5 from January 2005 onwards. The Child Verbal Autopsy Questionnaire (CVAQ) was administered to these households with a response rate of 96%. Results For age group 0–5 years, injury was the sixth leading cause of death and was responsible for 2.5% of all deaths (n=73). For age group 1–5 years, injury was found to be the third leading cause of death (11%) after diarrhoea (18%) and pneumonia (17%). The overall under fives mortality rate due to injury was estimated at 39.5 per 100 000 per year in Pakistan. Drowning (22%), road traffic injuries (12%), burns (11%) and falls (10%) were the most common types of injury. The mortality rate was twice as high in rural areas (32 per 100 000; 95% CI 18 to 45), compared to the urban areas (15 per 100 000; 95% CI 0.3 to 29). Conclusions Injury is the third leading cause of deaths among children 1–5 in Pakistan. The burden is twice as high in rural areas.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health</pub><pmid>23956258</pmid><doi>10.1136/archdischild-2013-303654</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; BMJ Journals - NESLi2 |
| subjects | Accidental Falls - mortality Accidents, Traffic - mortality Age Attrition (Research Studies) Biological and medical sciences Burns - mortality Cause of Death Causes of Child, Preschool Children Children & youth Childrens health Death Disability Drowning Drowning - mortality Epidemiology Female Forecasts and trends General aspects Health Surveys Households Humans Income Infant Infant, Newborn Injuries Injury Prevention Male Market trend/market analysis Medical sciences Miscellaneous Mortality Mortality Rate Pakistan Pakistan - epidemiology Pediatric injuries Pneumonia Population Prevention Prevention and actions Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Questionnaires Response rates Response Rates (Questionnaires) Rural areas Rural Health - statistics & numerical data Rural Urban Differences Sampling Statistical Analysis Studies Trauma Urban areas Urban Health - statistics & numerical data Wounds and Injuries - etiology Wounds and Injuries - mortality |
| title | A child an hour: burden of injury deaths among children under 5 in Pakistan |
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