Antioxidant activity of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oil and its hepatoprotective potential
Natural antioxidant products are increasingly being used to treat various pathological liver conditions considering the role of oxidative stress in their pathogenesis. Rosemary essential oil has already being used as a preservative in food industry due to its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | BMC complementary and alternative medicine 2014-07, Vol.14 (1), p.225-225, Article 225 |
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| creator | Rašković, Aleksandar Milanović, Isidora Pavlović, Nebojša Ćebović, Tatjana Vukmirović, Saša Mikov, Momir |
| description | Natural antioxidant products are increasingly being used to treat various pathological liver conditions considering the role of oxidative stress in their pathogenesis. Rosemary essential oil has already being used as a preservative in food industry due to its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, but it was shown to possess additional health benefits. The aim of our study was to evaluate the protective effect of rosemary essential oil on carbon tetrachloride - induced liver injury in rats and to explore whether its mechanism of action is associated with modulation of hepatic oxidative status.
Chemical composition of isolated rosemary essential oil was determined by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Antioxidant activity was determined in vitro using DPPH assay. Activities of enzyme markers of hepatocellular damage in serum and antioxidant enzymes in the liver homogenates were measured using the kinetic spectrophotometric methods.
In this research, we identified 29 chemical compounds of the studied rosemary essential oil, and the main constituents were 1,8-cineole (43.77%), camphor (12.53%), and α-pinene (11.51%). Investigated essential oil was found to exert hepatoprotective effects in the doses of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg by diminishing AST and ALT activities up to 2-fold in serum of rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver damage. Rosemary essential oil prevented carbon tetrachloride-induced increase of lipid peroxidation in liver homogenates. Furthermore, pre-treatment with studied essential oil during 7 days significantly reversed the activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase, peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in liver homogenates, especially in the dose of 10 mg/kg.
Our results demonstrate that rosemary essential oil, beside exhibiting free radical scavenging activity determined by DPPH assay, mediates its hepatoprotective effects also through activation of physiological defense mechanisms. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1186/1472-6882-14-225 |
| format | Article |
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Chemical composition of isolated rosemary essential oil was determined by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Antioxidant activity was determined in vitro using DPPH assay. Activities of enzyme markers of hepatocellular damage in serum and antioxidant enzymes in the liver homogenates were measured using the kinetic spectrophotometric methods.
In this research, we identified 29 chemical compounds of the studied rosemary essential oil, and the main constituents were 1,8-cineole (43.77%), camphor (12.53%), and α-pinene (11.51%). Investigated essential oil was found to exert hepatoprotective effects in the doses of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg by diminishing AST and ALT activities up to 2-fold in serum of rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver damage. Rosemary essential oil prevented carbon tetrachloride-induced increase of lipid peroxidation in liver homogenates. Furthermore, pre-treatment with studied essential oil during 7 days significantly reversed the activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase, peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in liver homogenates, especially in the dose of 10 mg/kg.
Our results demonstrate that rosemary essential oil, beside exhibiting free radical scavenging activity determined by DPPH assay, mediates its hepatoprotective effects also through activation of physiological defense mechanisms.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1472-6882</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1472-6882</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-225</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25002023</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: BioMed Central Ltd</publisher><subject>Acids ; Animals ; Antioxidants ; Antioxidants - chemistry ; Antioxidants - pharmacology ; Camphor ; Carbon Tetrachloride - toxicity ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - etiology ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - prevention & control ; Colleges & universities ; Computer industry ; Enzymes ; Experiments ; Female ; Free radicals ; Hepatitis ; Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects ; Liver ; Liver - chemistry ; Liver - drug effects ; Liver - metabolism ; Liver cirrhosis ; Liver diseases ; Male ; Medicine ; Oils, Volatile - chemistry ; Oils, Volatile - pharmacology ; Oxidative stress ; Oxidative Stress - drug effects ; Physiological aspects ; Plant Extracts - chemistry ; Plant Extracts - pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rodents ; Rosmarinus ; Rosmarinus - chemistry ; Rosmarinus officinalis</subject><ispartof>BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2014-07, Vol.14 (1), p.225-225, Article 225</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 BioMed Central Ltd.</rights><rights>2014 Raskovic et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014 Rašković et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014 Rašković et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b681t-9f6ee47bc1f44ac10fbbc17311190ea4670724939667754ec1ac6ebe186750263</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b681t-9f6ee47bc1f44ac10fbbc17311190ea4670724939667754ec1ac6ebe186750263</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4227022/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4227022/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,728,781,785,865,886,27929,27930,53796,53798</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25002023$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rašković, Aleksandar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milanović, Isidora</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pavlović, Nebojša</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ćebović, Tatjana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vukmirović, Saša</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mikov, Momir</creatorcontrib><title>Antioxidant activity of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oil and its hepatoprotective potential</title><title>BMC complementary and alternative medicine</title><addtitle>BMC Complement Altern Med</addtitle><description>Natural antioxidant products are increasingly being used to treat various pathological liver conditions considering the role of oxidative stress in their pathogenesis. Rosemary essential oil has already being used as a preservative in food industry due to its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, but it was shown to possess additional health benefits. The aim of our study was to evaluate the protective effect of rosemary essential oil on carbon tetrachloride - induced liver injury in rats and to explore whether its mechanism of action is associated with modulation of hepatic oxidative status.
Chemical composition of isolated rosemary essential oil was determined by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Antioxidant activity was determined in vitro using DPPH assay. Activities of enzyme markers of hepatocellular damage in serum and antioxidant enzymes in the liver homogenates were measured using the kinetic spectrophotometric methods.
In this research, we identified 29 chemical compounds of the studied rosemary essential oil, and the main constituents were 1,8-cineole (43.77%), camphor (12.53%), and α-pinene (11.51%). Investigated essential oil was found to exert hepatoprotective effects in the doses of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg by diminishing AST and ALT activities up to 2-fold in serum of rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver damage. Rosemary essential oil prevented carbon tetrachloride-induced increase of lipid peroxidation in liver homogenates. Furthermore, pre-treatment with studied essential oil during 7 days significantly reversed the activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase, peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in liver homogenates, especially in the dose of 10 mg/kg.
Our results demonstrate that rosemary essential oil, beside exhibiting free radical scavenging activity determined by DPPH assay, mediates its hepatoprotective effects also through activation of physiological defense mechanisms.</description><subject>Acids</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antioxidants</subject><subject>Antioxidants - chemistry</subject><subject>Antioxidants - pharmacology</subject><subject>Camphor</subject><subject>Carbon Tetrachloride - toxicity</subject><subject>Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - etiology</subject><subject>Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - prevention & control</subject><subject>Colleges & universities</subject><subject>Computer industry</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Free radicals</subject><subject>Hepatitis</subject><subject>Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects</subject><subject>Liver</subject><subject>Liver - chemistry</subject><subject>Liver - drug effects</subject><subject>Liver - metabolism</subject><subject>Liver cirrhosis</subject><subject>Liver diseases</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Oils, Volatile - chemistry</subject><subject>Oils, Volatile - pharmacology</subject><subject>Oxidative stress</subject><subject>Oxidative Stress - drug effects</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Plant Extracts - chemistry</subject><subject>Plant Extracts - pharmacology</subject><subject>Random Allocation</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rodents</subject><subject>Rosmarinus</subject><subject>Rosmarinus - chemistry</subject><subject>Rosmarinus officinalis</subject><issn>1472-6882</issn><issn>1472-6882</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNp1Uk1r3DAQNaWhSdPeeyqCQkkP3kqybNmXwLL0CxYKpT0LWTvOKsiSa8mh-fcdd5PtbkjQQY-ZN2-kN5NlbxhdMFZXH5mQPK_qmudM5JyXz7Kzfej5AT7NXsZ4TSmTNRMvslNeUsopL86yfumTDX_sRvtEtEn2xqZbEjoyhgi9Hm_JxY8QEVg_RYx31livnY1kvfhAIEbAeu1IsI5ovyE2RbKFQacwjCHBLAhkQPSP9io76bSL8PruPs9-ff70c_U1X3__8m21XOdtVbOUN10FIGRrWCeENox2LWJZMMYaClpUkkoumqKpKilLAYZpU0ELaIksKa-K8-xypztMbQ8bg91H7dQw2vlLKmirjjPebtVVuFGCc0k5R4HVTqC14QmB44wJvZrtVrPdiBROA1Uu7p4xht8TxKR6Gw04pz2EKSpWC5xEI-oCqe8eUK_DNKLTyCpFU4qyLsR_1pV2oKzvAjY3s6halmgHK7ArshaPsPBsoLcmeOgsxo8K3h8UbEG7tI3BTbgZPh4T6Y5ocD3iCN3eEUbVvJGPefD2cBT7gvsVLP4Cs8jbKg</recordid><startdate>20140707</startdate><enddate>20140707</enddate><creator>Rašković, Aleksandar</creator><creator>Milanović, Isidora</creator><creator>Pavlović, Nebojša</creator><creator>Ćebović, Tatjana</creator><creator>Vukmirović, Saša</creator><creator>Mikov, Momir</creator><general>BioMed Central Ltd</general><general>BioMed Central</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140707</creationdate><title>Antioxidant activity of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oil and its hepatoprotective potential</title><author>Rašković, Aleksandar ; Milanović, Isidora ; Pavlović, Nebojša ; Ćebović, Tatjana ; Vukmirović, Saša ; Mikov, Momir</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b681t-9f6ee47bc1f44ac10fbbc17311190ea4670724939667754ec1ac6ebe186750263</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Acids</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antioxidants</topic><topic>Antioxidants - chemistry</topic><topic>Antioxidants - pharmacology</topic><topic>Camphor</topic><topic>Carbon Tetrachloride - toxicity</topic><topic>Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - etiology</topic><topic>Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - prevention & control</topic><topic>Colleges & universities</topic><topic>Computer industry</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Experiments</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Free radicals</topic><topic>Hepatitis</topic><topic>Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects</topic><topic>Liver</topic><topic>Liver - chemistry</topic><topic>Liver - drug effects</topic><topic>Liver - metabolism</topic><topic>Liver cirrhosis</topic><topic>Liver diseases</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Oils, Volatile - chemistry</topic><topic>Oils, Volatile - pharmacology</topic><topic>Oxidative stress</topic><topic>Oxidative Stress - drug effects</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - chemistry</topic><topic>Plant Extracts - pharmacology</topic><topic>Random Allocation</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rodents</topic><topic>Rosmarinus</topic><topic>Rosmarinus - chemistry</topic><topic>Rosmarinus officinalis</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Rašković, Aleksandar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milanović, Isidora</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pavlović, Nebojša</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ćebović, Tatjana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vukmirović, Saša</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mikov, Momir</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>BMC complementary and alternative medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Rašković, Aleksandar</au><au>Milanović, Isidora</au><au>Pavlović, Nebojša</au><au>Ćebović, Tatjana</au><au>Vukmirović, Saša</au><au>Mikov, Momir</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Antioxidant activity of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oil and its hepatoprotective potential</atitle><jtitle>BMC complementary and alternative medicine</jtitle><addtitle>BMC Complement Altern Med</addtitle><date>2014-07-07</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>225</spage><epage>225</epage><pages>225-225</pages><artnum>225</artnum><issn>1472-6882</issn><eissn>1472-6882</eissn><abstract>Natural antioxidant products are increasingly being used to treat various pathological liver conditions considering the role of oxidative stress in their pathogenesis. Rosemary essential oil has already being used as a preservative in food industry due to its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, but it was shown to possess additional health benefits. The aim of our study was to evaluate the protective effect of rosemary essential oil on carbon tetrachloride - induced liver injury in rats and to explore whether its mechanism of action is associated with modulation of hepatic oxidative status.
Chemical composition of isolated rosemary essential oil was determined by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Antioxidant activity was determined in vitro using DPPH assay. Activities of enzyme markers of hepatocellular damage in serum and antioxidant enzymes in the liver homogenates were measured using the kinetic spectrophotometric methods.
In this research, we identified 29 chemical compounds of the studied rosemary essential oil, and the main constituents were 1,8-cineole (43.77%), camphor (12.53%), and α-pinene (11.51%). Investigated essential oil was found to exert hepatoprotective effects in the doses of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg by diminishing AST and ALT activities up to 2-fold in serum of rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver damage. Rosemary essential oil prevented carbon tetrachloride-induced increase of lipid peroxidation in liver homogenates. Furthermore, pre-treatment with studied essential oil during 7 days significantly reversed the activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase, peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in liver homogenates, especially in the dose of 10 mg/kg.
Our results demonstrate that rosemary essential oil, beside exhibiting free radical scavenging activity determined by DPPH assay, mediates its hepatoprotective effects also through activation of physiological defense mechanisms.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BioMed Central Ltd</pub><pmid>25002023</pmid><doi>10.1186/1472-6882-14-225</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acids Animals Antioxidants Antioxidants - chemistry Antioxidants - pharmacology Camphor Carbon Tetrachloride - toxicity Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - etiology Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - prevention & control Colleges & universities Computer industry Enzymes Experiments Female Free radicals Hepatitis Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects Liver Liver - chemistry Liver - drug effects Liver - metabolism Liver cirrhosis Liver diseases Male Medicine Oils, Volatile - chemistry Oils, Volatile - pharmacology Oxidative stress Oxidative Stress - drug effects Physiological aspects Plant Extracts - chemistry Plant Extracts - pharmacology Random Allocation Rats Rodents Rosmarinus Rosmarinus - chemistry Rosmarinus officinalis |
| title | Antioxidant activity of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oil and its hepatoprotective potential |
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