Stem Cells in the Nervous System
ABSTRACTGiven their capacity to regenerate cells lost through injury or disease, stem cells offer new vistas into possible treatments for degenerative diseases and their underlying causes. As such, stem cell biology is emerging as a driving force behind many studies in regenerative medicine. This re...
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Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation 2014-11, Vol.93 (11 Suppl 3), p.S132-S144 |
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container_issue | 11 Suppl 3 |
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container_title | American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation |
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creator | Maldonado-Soto, Angel R Oakley, Derek H Wichterle, Hynek Stein, Joel Doetsch, Fiona K Henderson, Christopher E |
description | ABSTRACTGiven their capacity to regenerate cells lost through injury or disease, stem cells offer new vistas into possible treatments for degenerative diseases and their underlying causes. As such, stem cell biology is emerging as a driving force behind many studies in regenerative medicine. This review focuses on the current understanding of the applications of stem cells in treating ailments of the human brain, with an emphasis on neurodegenerative diseases. Two types of neural stem cells are discussedendogenous neural stem cells residing within the adult brain and pluripotent stem cells capable of forming neural cells in culture. Endogenous neural stem cells give rise to neurons throughout life, but they are restricted to specialized regions in the brain. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms regulating these cells is key in determining their therapeutic potential as well as finding mechanisms to activate dormant stem cells outside these specialized microdomains. In parallel, patient-derived stem cells can be used to generate neural cells in culture, providing new tools for disease modeling, drug testing, and cell-based therapies. Turning these technologies into viable treatments will require the integration of basic science with clinical skills in rehabilitation. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1097/PHM.0000000000000111 |
format | Article |
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source | MEDLINE; Journals@Ovid Complete |
subjects | Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - diagnosis Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - therapy Animals Central Nervous System - cytology Cohort Studies Combined Modality Therapy Disease Models, Animal Humans Neurodegenerative Diseases - diagnosis Neurodegenerative Diseases - therapy Parkinson Disease - diagnosis Parkinson Disease - therapy Physical Therapy Modalities Prognosis Quality of Life Recovery of Function Regenerative Medicine - methods Risk Assessment Stem Cell Transplantation - methods Stem Cells - cytology Stem Cells - physiology Treatment Outcome |
title | Stem Cells in the Nervous System |
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