Tobacco Retailer Proximity and Density and Nicotine Dependence Among Smokers With Serious Mental Illness
We examined the density and proximity of tobacco retailers and associations with smoking behavior and mental health in a diverse sample of 1061 smokers with serious mental illness (SMI) residing in the San Francisco Bay Area of California. Participants' addresses were geocoded and linked with r...
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Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of public health (1971) 2014-08, Vol.104 (8), p.1454-1463 |
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description | We examined the density and proximity of tobacco retailers and associations with smoking behavior and mental health in a diverse sample of 1061 smokers with serious mental illness (SMI) residing in the San Francisco Bay Area of California.
Participants' addresses were geocoded and linked with retailer licensing data to determine the distance between participants' residence and the nearest retailer (proximity) and the number of retailers within 500-meter and 1-kilometer service areas (density).
More than half of the sample lived within 250 meters of a tobacco retailer. A median of 3 retailers were within 500 meters of participants' residences, and a median of 12 were within 1 kilometer. Among smokers with SMI, tobacco retailer densities were 2-fold greater than for the general population and were associated with poorer mental health, greater nicotine dependence, and lower self-efficacy for quitting.
Our findings provide further evidence of the tobacco retail environment as a potential vector contributing to tobacco-related disparities among individuals with SMI and suggest that this group may benefit from progressive environmental protections that restrict tobacco retail licenses and reduce aggressive point-of-sale marketing. |
doi_str_mv | 10.2105/AJPH.2014.301917 |
format | Article |
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Participants' addresses were geocoded and linked with retailer licensing data to determine the distance between participants' residence and the nearest retailer (proximity) and the number of retailers within 500-meter and 1-kilometer service areas (density).
More than half of the sample lived within 250 meters of a tobacco retailer. A median of 3 retailers were within 500 meters of participants' residences, and a median of 12 were within 1 kilometer. Among smokers with SMI, tobacco retailer densities were 2-fold greater than for the general population and were associated with poorer mental health, greater nicotine dependence, and lower self-efficacy for quitting.
Our findings provide further evidence of the tobacco retail environment as a potential vector contributing to tobacco-related disparities among individuals with SMI and suggest that this group may benefit from progressive environmental protections that restrict tobacco retail licenses and reduce aggressive point-of-sale marketing.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0090-0036</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1541-0048</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.301917</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24922145</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AJPEAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Public Health Association</publisher><subject>Addictions ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cigarettes ; Female ; General aspects ; Geography ; Health Policy ; Humans ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Mental disorders ; Mental Disorders - epidemiology ; Mental Disorders - psychology ; Mental health ; Mental health care ; Miscellaneous ; Nicotine ; Population ; Prevention ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Public health ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Research and Practice ; Residence Characteristics - statistics & numerical data ; Retail stores ; San Francisco - epidemiology ; Sex ; Smoking - epidemiology ; Smoking - psychology ; Smoking Cessation ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Studies ; Substance Use ; Tobacco ; Tobacco Control ; Tobacco industry ; Tobacco Products - supply & distribution ; Tobacco Use Disorder - epidemiology ; Tobacco Use Disorder - psychology ; Tobacco, tobacco smoking ; Toxicology</subject><ispartof>American journal of public health (1971), 2014-08, Vol.104 (8), p.1454-1463</ispartof><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Public Health Association Aug 2014</rights><rights>American Public Health Association 2014 2014</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c454t-e81b3505ef87d5245842a322beada07ba1b88557ddeadb5edb6854ad001f535a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c454t-e81b3505ef87d5245842a322beada07ba1b88557ddeadb5edb6854ad001f535a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4103201/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4103201/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,728,781,785,886,27868,27926,27927,53793,53795</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28688738$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24922145$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>YOUNG-WOLFF, Kelly C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HENRIKSEN, Lisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DELUCCHI, Kevin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PROCHASKA, Judith J</creatorcontrib><title>Tobacco Retailer Proximity and Density and Nicotine Dependence Among Smokers With Serious Mental Illness</title><title>American journal of public health (1971)</title><addtitle>Am J Public Health</addtitle><description>We examined the density and proximity of tobacco retailers and associations with smoking behavior and mental health in a diverse sample of 1061 smokers with serious mental illness (SMI) residing in the San Francisco Bay Area of California.
Participants' addresses were geocoded and linked with retailer licensing data to determine the distance between participants' residence and the nearest retailer (proximity) and the number of retailers within 500-meter and 1-kilometer service areas (density).
More than half of the sample lived within 250 meters of a tobacco retailer. A median of 3 retailers were within 500 meters of participants' residences, and a median of 12 were within 1 kilometer. Among smokers with SMI, tobacco retailer densities were 2-fold greater than for the general population and were associated with poorer mental health, greater nicotine dependence, and lower self-efficacy for quitting.
Our findings provide further evidence of the tobacco retail environment as a potential vector contributing to tobacco-related disparities among individuals with SMI and suggest that this group may benefit from progressive environmental protections that restrict tobacco retail licenses and reduce aggressive point-of-sale marketing.</description><subject>Addictions</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cigarettes</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Geography</subject><subject>Health Policy</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Mental disorders</subject><subject>Mental Disorders - epidemiology</subject><subject>Mental Disorders - psychology</subject><subject>Mental health</subject><subject>Mental health care</subject><subject>Miscellaneous</subject><subject>Nicotine</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Psychology. 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(1971)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>YOUNG-WOLFF, Kelly C</au><au>HENRIKSEN, Lisa</au><au>DELUCCHI, Kevin</au><au>PROCHASKA, Judith J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Tobacco Retailer Proximity and Density and Nicotine Dependence Among Smokers With Serious Mental Illness</atitle><jtitle>American journal of public health (1971)</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Public Health</addtitle><date>2014-08-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>104</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>1454</spage><epage>1463</epage><pages>1454-1463</pages><issn>0090-0036</issn><eissn>1541-0048</eissn><coden>AJPEAG</coden><abstract>We examined the density and proximity of tobacco retailers and associations with smoking behavior and mental health in a diverse sample of 1061 smokers with serious mental illness (SMI) residing in the San Francisco Bay Area of California.
Participants' addresses were geocoded and linked with retailer licensing data to determine the distance between participants' residence and the nearest retailer (proximity) and the number of retailers within 500-meter and 1-kilometer service areas (density).
More than half of the sample lived within 250 meters of a tobacco retailer. A median of 3 retailers were within 500 meters of participants' residences, and a median of 12 were within 1 kilometer. Among smokers with SMI, tobacco retailer densities were 2-fold greater than for the general population and were associated with poorer mental health, greater nicotine dependence, and lower self-efficacy for quitting.
Our findings provide further evidence of the tobacco retail environment as a potential vector contributing to tobacco-related disparities among individuals with SMI and suggest that this group may benefit from progressive environmental protections that restrict tobacco retail licenses and reduce aggressive point-of-sale marketing.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Public Health Association</pub><pmid>24922145</pmid><doi>10.2105/AJPH.2014.301917</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Addictions Adult Age Factors Biological and medical sciences Cigarettes Female General aspects Geography Health Policy Humans Male Medical sciences Mental disorders Mental Disorders - epidemiology Mental Disorders - psychology Mental health Mental health care Miscellaneous Nicotine Population Prevention Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Public health Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Research and Practice Residence Characteristics - statistics & numerical data Retail stores San Francisco - epidemiology Sex Smoking - epidemiology Smoking - psychology Smoking Cessation Socioeconomic Factors Studies Substance Use Tobacco Tobacco Control Tobacco industry Tobacco Products - supply & distribution Tobacco Use Disorder - epidemiology Tobacco Use Disorder - psychology Tobacco, tobacco smoking Toxicology |
title | Tobacco Retailer Proximity and Density and Nicotine Dependence Among Smokers With Serious Mental Illness |
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