The Correlation between Chemical Composition, as Determined by UPLC-TOF-MS, and Acute Toxicity of Veratrum nigrum L. and Radix paeoniae alba
The eighteen incompatible medicaments is an important theory in traditional Chinese medicine. The theory suggests that drugs in the eighteen incompatible medicaments can be toxic when used together. Veratrum nigrum L. and Radix paeoniae alba belong to the eighteen incompatible medicaments and have b...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine 2014-01, Vol.2014 (2014), p.1-13 |
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| creator | Gao, Yue Xiao, Chengrong Ma, Zengchun Liang, Qiande Wang, Yuguang Zhang, Xianxie Tan, Hongling |
| description | The eighteen incompatible medicaments is an important theory in traditional Chinese medicine. The theory suggests that drugs in the eighteen incompatible medicaments can be toxic when used together. Veratrum nigrum L. and Radix paeoniae alba belong to the eighteen incompatible medicaments and have been prohibited for thousands of years. This study offers preliminary insight into the mechanism and chemical constituents responsible for the incompatibility and toxicity of these two agents. Specifically, we performed toxicology studies to identify and quantify the constituent substances of the two agents. Experiments revealed that acute toxicity increases when the dose of V. nigrum L. is higher than, or equal to, RPA. UPLC-TOF-MS analysis showed that, although the volumes of V. nigrum L. were the same, the content of some veratrum alkaloids changed significantly and had a trend toward a highly positive correlation r ≥ 0.8 with toxicity. This suggests that the increased toxicity of the V. nigrum L. and RPA combination was due mainly to increased content of the special veratrum alkaloids. The cytotoxicity of veratridine in SH-SY5Y cells was decreased with increasing paeoniflorin concentrations. This study provides insight into the mechanism behind the incompatibility theory of TCM. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1155/2014/892797 |
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The theory suggests that drugs in the eighteen incompatible medicaments can be toxic when used together. Veratrum nigrum L. and Radix paeoniae alba belong to the eighteen incompatible medicaments and have been prohibited for thousands of years. This study offers preliminary insight into the mechanism and chemical constituents responsible for the incompatibility and toxicity of these two agents. Specifically, we performed toxicology studies to identify and quantify the constituent substances of the two agents. Experiments revealed that acute toxicity increases when the dose of V. nigrum L. is higher than, or equal to, RPA. UPLC-TOF-MS analysis showed that, although the volumes of V. nigrum L. were the same, the content of some veratrum alkaloids changed significantly and had a trend toward a highly positive correlation r ≥ 0.8 with toxicity. This suggests that the increased toxicity of the V. nigrum L. and RPA combination was due mainly to increased content of the special veratrum alkaloids. The cytotoxicity of veratridine in SH-SY5Y cells was decreased with increasing paeoniflorin concentrations. This study provides insight into the mechanism behind the incompatibility theory of TCM.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1741-427X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1741-4288</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1155/2014/892797</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25024734</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cairo, Egypt: Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher><subject>Acute toxicity ; Alkaloids ; Chinese medicine ; Chromatography ; Constituents ; Cytotoxicity ; Drug dosages ; Herbal medicine ; Incompatibility ; Natural products ; Paeonia lactiflora ; Pharmaceuticals ; Statistical analysis ; Toxicology ; Traditional Chinese medicine ; Veratridine ; Veratrum nigrum</subject><ispartof>Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine, 2014-01, Vol.2014 (2014), p.1-13</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2014 Xianxie Zhang et al.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014 Xianxie Zhang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014 Xianxie Zhang et al. 2014</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c467t-9169872844a1690efacff55e8d05409dc5db6eaa58f75e2390000873f13100193</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c467t-9169872844a1690efacff55e8d05409dc5db6eaa58f75e2390000873f13100193</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4082919/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4082919/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25024734$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Tang, Yuping</contributor><contributor>Yuping Tang</contributor><creatorcontrib>Gao, Yue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xiao, Chengrong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ma, Zengchun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liang, Qiande</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yuguang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Xianxie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tan, Hongling</creatorcontrib><title>The Correlation between Chemical Composition, as Determined by UPLC-TOF-MS, and Acute Toxicity of Veratrum nigrum L. and Radix paeoniae alba</title><title>Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine</title><addtitle>Evid Based Complement Alternat Med</addtitle><description>The eighteen incompatible medicaments is an important theory in traditional Chinese medicine. The theory suggests that drugs in the eighteen incompatible medicaments can be toxic when used together. Veratrum nigrum L. and Radix paeoniae alba belong to the eighteen incompatible medicaments and have been prohibited for thousands of years. This study offers preliminary insight into the mechanism and chemical constituents responsible for the incompatibility and toxicity of these two agents. Specifically, we performed toxicology studies to identify and quantify the constituent substances of the two agents. Experiments revealed that acute toxicity increases when the dose of V. nigrum L. is higher than, or equal to, RPA. UPLC-TOF-MS analysis showed that, although the volumes of V. nigrum L. were the same, the content of some veratrum alkaloids changed significantly and had a trend toward a highly positive correlation r ≥ 0.8 with toxicity. This suggests that the increased toxicity of the V. nigrum L. and RPA combination was due mainly to increased content of the special veratrum alkaloids. The cytotoxicity of veratridine in SH-SY5Y cells was decreased with increasing paeoniflorin concentrations. This study provides insight into the mechanism behind the incompatibility theory of TCM.</description><subject>Acute toxicity</subject><subject>Alkaloids</subject><subject>Chinese medicine</subject><subject>Chromatography</subject><subject>Constituents</subject><subject>Cytotoxicity</subject><subject>Drug dosages</subject><subject>Herbal medicine</subject><subject>Incompatibility</subject><subject>Natural products</subject><subject>Paeonia lactiflora</subject><subject>Pharmaceuticals</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><subject>Traditional Chinese medicine</subject><subject>Veratridine</subject><subject>Veratrum nigrum</subject><issn>1741-427X</issn><issn>1741-4288</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RHX</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkUFv1DAQhS0EoqXlxB1Z4gaktR17bV-QqkABaasi2CJulpNMuq4Se3Ec2v0P_Gi83bJqb53LjPQ-vRnNQ-gVJUeUCnHMCOXHSjOp5RO0TyWnBWdKPd3N8tceejGOV4QwLaV8jvaYIIzLku-jv4sl4CrECL1NLnhcQ7oG8LhawuAa22dxWIXRbcT32I74IySIg_PQ4nqNL77Nq2Jxflqc_ciqb_FJMyXAi3DjGpfWOHT4J0Sb4jRg7y43bX50C363rbvBKwvBOwvY9rU9RM8624_w8q4foIvTT4vqSzE___y1OpkXDZ_JVGg600oyxbnNE4HONl0nBKiWCE5024i2noG1QnVSACs1yaVk2dGSEkJ1eYA-bH1XUz1A24BP0fZmFd1g49oE68xDxbuluQx_DCeK6VuDN3cGMfyeYEzmKkzR55sNIzOiKFeEZ-rdlmpiGMcI3W4DJWYTndlEZ7bRZfr1_aN27P-sMvB2Cyydb-21e5wbZCR_6B7MSCl1-Q_H8qo0</recordid><startdate>20140101</startdate><enddate>20140101</enddate><creator>Gao, Yue</creator><creator>Xiao, Chengrong</creator><creator>Ma, Zengchun</creator><creator>Liang, Qiande</creator><creator>Wang, Yuguang</creator><creator>Zhang, Xianxie</creator><creator>Tan, Hongling</creator><general>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</general><general>Hindawi Limited</general><scope>ADJCN</scope><scope>AHFXO</scope><scope>RHU</scope><scope>RHW</scope><scope>RHX</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140101</creationdate><title>The Correlation between Chemical Composition, as Determined by UPLC-TOF-MS, and Acute Toxicity of Veratrum nigrum L. and Radix paeoniae alba</title><author>Gao, Yue ; 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The theory suggests that drugs in the eighteen incompatible medicaments can be toxic when used together. Veratrum nigrum L. and Radix paeoniae alba belong to the eighteen incompatible medicaments and have been prohibited for thousands of years. This study offers preliminary insight into the mechanism and chemical constituents responsible for the incompatibility and toxicity of these two agents. Specifically, we performed toxicology studies to identify and quantify the constituent substances of the two agents. Experiments revealed that acute toxicity increases when the dose of V. nigrum L. is higher than, or equal to, RPA. UPLC-TOF-MS analysis showed that, although the volumes of V. nigrum L. were the same, the content of some veratrum alkaloids changed significantly and had a trend toward a highly positive correlation r ≥ 0.8 with toxicity. This suggests that the increased toxicity of the V. nigrum L. and RPA combination was due mainly to increased content of the special veratrum alkaloids. The cytotoxicity of veratridine in SH-SY5Y cells was decreased with increasing paeoniflorin concentrations. This study provides insight into the mechanism behind the incompatibility theory of TCM.</abstract><cop>Cairo, Egypt</cop><pub>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</pub><pmid>25024734</pmid><doi>10.1155/2014/892797</doi><tpages>13</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acute toxicity Alkaloids Chinese medicine Chromatography Constituents Cytotoxicity Drug dosages Herbal medicine Incompatibility Natural products Paeonia lactiflora Pharmaceuticals Statistical analysis Toxicology Traditional Chinese medicine Veratridine Veratrum nigrum |
| title | The Correlation between Chemical Composition, as Determined by UPLC-TOF-MS, and Acute Toxicity of Veratrum nigrum L. and Radix paeoniae alba |
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