Effect of Modulated Alternating and Direct Current Iontophoresis on Transdermal Delivery of Lidocaine Hydrochloride
The objective of this study was to investigate the iontophoretic delivery of lidocaine hydrochloride through porcine skin and to compare the effects of modulated alternating and direct current iontophoresis. Continuous and modulated iontophoresis was applied for one hour and two hours (0-1 h and 4-5...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | BioMed research international 2014-01, Vol.2014 (2014), p.1-6 |
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| description | The objective of this study was to investigate the iontophoretic delivery of lidocaine hydrochloride through porcine skin and to compare the effects of modulated alternating and direct current iontophoresis. Continuous and modulated iontophoresis was applied for one hour and two hours (0-1 h and 4-5th h) using a 1% w/v solution of lidocaine hydrochloride. Tape stripping was done to quantify the amount of drug permeated into stratum corneum and skin extraction studies were performed to determine the amount of drug in stripped skin. Receptor was sampled and analyzed over predefined time periods. The amount of lidocaine delivered across porcine skin after modulated direct current iontophoresis for 2 h was 1069.87±120.03 μg/sq·cm compared to 744.81±125.41 μg/sq·cm after modulated alternating current iontophoresis for 2 h. Modulated direct current iontophoresis also enhanced lidocaine delivery by twelvefold compared to passive delivery as 91.27±18.71 μg/sq·cm of lidocaine was delivered after passive delivery. Modulated iontophoresis enhanced the delivery of lidocaine hydrochloride across porcine skin compared to the passive delivery. Modulated alternating current iontophoresis for duration of 2 h at frequency of 1 kHz was found to be comparable to the continuous direct current iontophoresis for 1 h. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1155/2014/537941 |
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Continuous and modulated iontophoresis was applied for one hour and two hours (0-1 h and 4-5th h) using a 1% w/v solution of lidocaine hydrochloride. Tape stripping was done to quantify the amount of drug permeated into stratum corneum and skin extraction studies were performed to determine the amount of drug in stripped skin. Receptor was sampled and analyzed over predefined time periods. The amount of lidocaine delivered across porcine skin after modulated direct current iontophoresis for 2 h was 1069.87±120.03 μg/sq·cm compared to 744.81±125.41 μg/sq·cm after modulated alternating current iontophoresis for 2 h. Modulated direct current iontophoresis also enhanced lidocaine delivery by twelvefold compared to passive delivery as 91.27±18.71 μg/sq·cm of lidocaine was delivered after passive delivery. Modulated iontophoresis enhanced the delivery of lidocaine hydrochloride across porcine skin compared to the passive delivery. Modulated alternating current iontophoresis for duration of 2 h at frequency of 1 kHz was found to be comparable to the continuous direct current iontophoresis for 1 h.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2314-6133</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2314-6141</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1155/2014/537941</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24959580</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cairo, Egypt: Hindawi Puplishing Corporation</publisher><subject>Administration, Cutaneous ; Analysis ; Anesthesia ; Animals ; Dosage and administration ; Drug therapy ; Electrodes ; Humans ; Iontophoresis ; Iontophoresis - methods ; Lidocaine ; Lidocaine - administration & dosage ; Methods ; Pain ; Patient outcomes ; Permeability - drug effects ; Skin ; Skin Absorption ; Studies ; Swine ; Transdermal medication ; Wound healing</subject><ispartof>BioMed research international, 2014-01, Vol.2014 (2014), p.1-6</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2014 Gaurav Bhatia and Ajay K. Banga.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014 Gaurav Bhatia and Ajay K. Banga. Gaurav Bhatia et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014 G. Bhatia and A. K. 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Continuous and modulated iontophoresis was applied for one hour and two hours (0-1 h and 4-5th h) using a 1% w/v solution of lidocaine hydrochloride. Tape stripping was done to quantify the amount of drug permeated into stratum corneum and skin extraction studies were performed to determine the amount of drug in stripped skin. Receptor was sampled and analyzed over predefined time periods. The amount of lidocaine delivered across porcine skin after modulated direct current iontophoresis for 2 h was 1069.87±120.03 μg/sq·cm compared to 744.81±125.41 μg/sq·cm after modulated alternating current iontophoresis for 2 h. Modulated direct current iontophoresis also enhanced lidocaine delivery by twelvefold compared to passive delivery as 91.27±18.71 μg/sq·cm of lidocaine was delivered after passive delivery. Modulated iontophoresis enhanced the delivery of lidocaine hydrochloride across porcine skin compared to the passive delivery. Modulated alternating current iontophoresis for duration of 2 h at frequency of 1 kHz was found to be comparable to the continuous direct current iontophoresis for 1 h.</description><subject>Administration, Cutaneous</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Anesthesia</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Dosage and administration</subject><subject>Drug therapy</subject><subject>Electrodes</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Iontophoresis</subject><subject>Iontophoresis - methods</subject><subject>Lidocaine</subject><subject>Lidocaine - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Pain</subject><subject>Patient outcomes</subject><subject>Permeability - drug effects</subject><subject>Skin</subject><subject>Skin Absorption</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Swine</subject><subject>Transdermal medication</subject><subject>Wound healing</subject><issn>2314-6133</issn><issn>2314-6141</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RHX</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkUtvEzEURkcIRKvSFWvQSGwQKNTvGW8qRWmhlYLYlLXl2NeJK8cO9kxR_j0eUsJjgze27KNz7_XXNC8x-oAx5xcEYXbBaScZftKcEorZTGCGnx7PlJ4056Xco7p6LJAUz5sTwiSXvEenTbl2DszQJtd-TnYMegDbzsMAOerBx3Wro22vfJ6YxZgzxKG9TXFIu03KUHxpU2zvso7FQt7q0F5B8A-Q95Nx6W0y2kdob_Y2J7MJKXsLL5pnTocC54_7WfP14_Xd4ma2_PLpdjFfzgzndJj1VDBBJBCpe0kR7gly0jJpGEKO6s5SKamkDvoVs7rrUI9cveyNFHxFJKFnzeXBuxtXW7Cm9p51ULvstzrvVdJe_f0S_Uat04NiiBPUdVXw9lGQ07cRyqC2vhgIQUdIY1GYC9FzSTtR0Tf_oPdprH8YJop1kjBO5G9qrQMoH12qdc0kVXNGOkQo--l6f6BMTqVkcMeWMVJT6mpKXR1Sr_TrP6c8sr8yrsC7A7Dx0erv_j-2VwcYKgJOH-E6gxCE_gC1H7zZ</recordid><startdate>20140101</startdate><enddate>20140101</enddate><creator>Bhatia, Gaurav</creator><creator>Banga, Ajay K.</creator><general>Hindawi Puplishing Corporation</general><general>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</general><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>Hindawi Limited</general><scope>ADJCN</scope><scope>AHFXO</scope><scope>RHU</scope><scope>RHW</scope><scope>RHX</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CWDGH</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3584-1080</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20140101</creationdate><title>Effect of Modulated Alternating and Direct Current Iontophoresis on Transdermal Delivery of Lidocaine Hydrochloride</title><author>Bhatia, Gaurav ; Banga, Ajay K.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c553t-8364629e29a89301820f9d49c400f3a7d399393fe8b4da77080f7d38c965b2923</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Administration, Cutaneous</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Anesthesia</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Dosage and administration</topic><topic>Drug therapy</topic><topic>Electrodes</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Iontophoresis</topic><topic>Iontophoresis - methods</topic><topic>Lidocaine</topic><topic>Lidocaine - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Methods</topic><topic>Pain</topic><topic>Patient outcomes</topic><topic>Permeability - drug effects</topic><topic>Skin</topic><topic>Skin Absorption</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Swine</topic><topic>Transdermal medication</topic><topic>Wound healing</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bhatia, Gaurav</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Banga, Ajay K.</creatorcontrib><collection>الدوريات العلمية والإحصائية - e-Marefa Academic and Statistical Periodicals</collection><collection>معرفة - المحتوى العربي الأكاديمي المتكامل - e-Marefa Academic Complete</collection><collection>Hindawi Publishing Complete</collection><collection>Hindawi Publishing Subscription Journals</collection><collection>Hindawi Publishing Open Access Journals</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Middle East & Africa Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>BioMed research international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bhatia, Gaurav</au><au>Banga, Ajay K.</au><au>Nema, Sandeep</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of Modulated Alternating and Direct Current Iontophoresis on Transdermal Delivery of Lidocaine Hydrochloride</atitle><jtitle>BioMed research international</jtitle><addtitle>Biomed Res Int</addtitle><date>2014-01-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>2014</volume><issue>2014</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>6</epage><pages>1-6</pages><issn>2314-6133</issn><eissn>2314-6141</eissn><abstract>The objective of this study was to investigate the iontophoretic delivery of lidocaine hydrochloride through porcine skin and to compare the effects of modulated alternating and direct current iontophoresis. Continuous and modulated iontophoresis was applied for one hour and two hours (0-1 h and 4-5th h) using a 1% w/v solution of lidocaine hydrochloride. Tape stripping was done to quantify the amount of drug permeated into stratum corneum and skin extraction studies were performed to determine the amount of drug in stripped skin. Receptor was sampled and analyzed over predefined time periods. The amount of lidocaine delivered across porcine skin after modulated direct current iontophoresis for 2 h was 1069.87±120.03 μg/sq·cm compared to 744.81±125.41 μg/sq·cm after modulated alternating current iontophoresis for 2 h. Modulated direct current iontophoresis also enhanced lidocaine delivery by twelvefold compared to passive delivery as 91.27±18.71 μg/sq·cm of lidocaine was delivered after passive delivery. Modulated iontophoresis enhanced the delivery of lidocaine hydrochloride across porcine skin compared to the passive delivery. Modulated alternating current iontophoresis for duration of 2 h at frequency of 1 kHz was found to be comparable to the continuous direct current iontophoresis for 1 h.</abstract><cop>Cairo, Egypt</cop><pub>Hindawi Puplishing Corporation</pub><pmid>24959580</pmid><doi>10.1155/2014/537941</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3584-1080</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Administration, Cutaneous Analysis Anesthesia Animals Dosage and administration Drug therapy Electrodes Humans Iontophoresis Iontophoresis - methods Lidocaine Lidocaine - administration & dosage Methods Pain Patient outcomes Permeability - drug effects Skin Skin Absorption Studies Swine Transdermal medication Wound healing |
| title | Effect of Modulated Alternating and Direct Current Iontophoresis on Transdermal Delivery of Lidocaine Hydrochloride |
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