The regulation of spermatogenesis by androgens
•Testosterone maintains BTB, meiosis, Sertoli–spermatid adhesion and spermiation.•Testosterone acts via classical and non-classical pathways.•Testosterone regulates PTM, Leydig, and Sertoli cells via the androgen receptor.•The combined regulation of many genes by testosterone supports spermatogenesi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Seminars in cell & developmental biology 2014-06, Vol.30, p.2-13 |
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| container_title | Seminars in cell & developmental biology |
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| creator | Smith, Lee B. Walker, William H. |
| description | •Testosterone maintains BTB, meiosis, Sertoli–spermatid adhesion and spermiation.•Testosterone acts via classical and non-classical pathways.•Testosterone regulates PTM, Leydig, and Sertoli cells via the androgen receptor.•The combined regulation of many genes by testosterone supports spermatogenesis.
Testosterone is essential for maintaining spermatogenesis and male fertility. However, the molecular mechanisms by which testosterone acts have not begun to be revealed until recently. With the advances obtained from the use of transgenic mice lacking or overexpressing the androgen receptor, the cell specific targets of testosterone action as well as the genes and signaling pathways that are regulated by testosterone are being identified. In this review, the critical steps of spermatogenesis that are regulated by testosterone are discussed as well as the intracellular signaling pathways by which testosterone acts. We also review the functional information that has been obtained from the knock out of the androgen receptor from specific cell types in the testis and the genes found to be regulated after altering testosterone levels or androgen receptor expression. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.02.012 |
| format | Article |
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Testosterone is essential for maintaining spermatogenesis and male fertility. However, the molecular mechanisms by which testosterone acts have not begun to be revealed until recently. With the advances obtained from the use of transgenic mice lacking or overexpressing the androgen receptor, the cell specific targets of testosterone action as well as the genes and signaling pathways that are regulated by testosterone are being identified. In this review, the critical steps of spermatogenesis that are regulated by testosterone are discussed as well as the intracellular signaling pathways by which testosterone acts. We also review the functional information that has been obtained from the knock out of the androgen receptor from specific cell types in the testis and the genes found to be regulated after altering testosterone levels or androgen receptor expression.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1084-9521</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1096-3634</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.02.012</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24598768</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Androgens - physiology ; Animals ; Blood testis barrier ; Fertility ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Male ; Meiosis ; Receptors, Androgen - metabolism ; Sertoli cell ; Signal Transduction ; Spermatogenesis ; Testis ; Testis - cytology ; Testis - physiology ; Testosterone ; Testosterone - physiology</subject><ispartof>Seminars in cell & developmental biology, 2014-06, Vol.30, p.2-13</ispartof><rights>2014 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 2014</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c529t-47c3f24be64ce46ea0e6a7909d6ee69b213efef74f1b67c871de41c9a7d681263</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c529t-47c3f24be64ce46ea0e6a7909d6ee69b213efef74f1b67c871de41c9a7d681263</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S108495211400024X$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24598768$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Smith, Lee B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walker, William H.</creatorcontrib><title>The regulation of spermatogenesis by androgens</title><title>Seminars in cell & developmental biology</title><addtitle>Semin Cell Dev Biol</addtitle><description>•Testosterone maintains BTB, meiosis, Sertoli–spermatid adhesion and spermiation.•Testosterone acts via classical and non-classical pathways.•Testosterone regulates PTM, Leydig, and Sertoli cells via the androgen receptor.•The combined regulation of many genes by testosterone supports spermatogenesis.
Testosterone is essential for maintaining spermatogenesis and male fertility. However, the molecular mechanisms by which testosterone acts have not begun to be revealed until recently. With the advances obtained from the use of transgenic mice lacking or overexpressing the androgen receptor, the cell specific targets of testosterone action as well as the genes and signaling pathways that are regulated by testosterone are being identified. In this review, the critical steps of spermatogenesis that are regulated by testosterone are discussed as well as the intracellular signaling pathways by which testosterone acts. We also review the functional information that has been obtained from the knock out of the androgen receptor from specific cell types in the testis and the genes found to be regulated after altering testosterone levels or androgen receptor expression.</description><subject>Androgens - physiology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Blood testis barrier</subject><subject>Fertility</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Meiosis</subject><subject>Receptors, Androgen - metabolism</subject><subject>Sertoli cell</subject><subject>Signal Transduction</subject><subject>Spermatogenesis</subject><subject>Testis</subject><subject>Testis - cytology</subject><subject>Testis - physiology</subject><subject>Testosterone</subject><subject>Testosterone - physiology</subject><issn>1084-9521</issn><issn>1096-3634</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE1PwzAMhiMEYmPwDxDqkUtLvpo2FySE-JImcRnnKE3dLVPbjKSdtH9Pq40BF062Zft97Qeha4ITgom4WycBGlMWCcWEJ5gmmNATNCVYipgJxk_HPOexTCmZoIsQ1hhjLqk4RxPKU5lnIp-iZLGCyMOyr3VnXRu5Kgob8I3u3BJaCDZExS7SbenHOlyis0rXAa4OcYY-np8Wj6_x_P3l7fFhHpuUyi7mmWEV5QUIboAL0BiEziSWpQAQsqCEQQVVxitSiMzkGSmBEyN1VoqcUMFm6H6vu-mLBkoDbed1rTbeNtrvlNNW_e20dqWWbqs45myQGwRuDwLeffYQOtXYYKCudQuuD4qknDPKxDA-Q3w_arwLwUN1tCFYjajVWu1RqxG1wlQNqIe1m98nHpe-2f78AAOorQWvgrHQGiitB9Op0tn_Hb4ATJ2Sbw</recordid><startdate>20140601</startdate><enddate>20140601</enddate><creator>Smith, Lee B.</creator><creator>Walker, William H.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140601</creationdate><title>The regulation of spermatogenesis by androgens</title><author>Smith, Lee B. ; Walker, William H.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c529t-47c3f24be64ce46ea0e6a7909d6ee69b213efef74f1b67c871de41c9a7d681263</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Androgens - physiology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Blood testis barrier</topic><topic>Fertility</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Meiosis</topic><topic>Receptors, Androgen - metabolism</topic><topic>Sertoli cell</topic><topic>Signal Transduction</topic><topic>Spermatogenesis</topic><topic>Testis</topic><topic>Testis - cytology</topic><topic>Testis - physiology</topic><topic>Testosterone</topic><topic>Testosterone - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Smith, Lee B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walker, William H.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Seminars in cell & developmental biology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Smith, Lee B.</au><au>Walker, William H.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The regulation of spermatogenesis by androgens</atitle><jtitle>Seminars in cell & developmental biology</jtitle><addtitle>Semin Cell Dev Biol</addtitle><date>2014-06-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>30</volume><spage>2</spage><epage>13</epage><pages>2-13</pages><issn>1084-9521</issn><eissn>1096-3634</eissn><abstract>•Testosterone maintains BTB, meiosis, Sertoli–spermatid adhesion and spermiation.•Testosterone acts via classical and non-classical pathways.•Testosterone regulates PTM, Leydig, and Sertoli cells via the androgen receptor.•The combined regulation of many genes by testosterone supports spermatogenesis.
Testosterone is essential for maintaining spermatogenesis and male fertility. However, the molecular mechanisms by which testosterone acts have not begun to be revealed until recently. With the advances obtained from the use of transgenic mice lacking or overexpressing the androgen receptor, the cell specific targets of testosterone action as well as the genes and signaling pathways that are regulated by testosterone are being identified. In this review, the critical steps of spermatogenesis that are regulated by testosterone are discussed as well as the intracellular signaling pathways by which testosterone acts. We also review the functional information that has been obtained from the knock out of the androgen receptor from specific cell types in the testis and the genes found to be regulated after altering testosterone levels or androgen receptor expression.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>24598768</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.02.012</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| issn | 1084-9521 1096-3634 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Androgens - physiology Animals Blood testis barrier Fertility Gene Expression Regulation Humans Male Meiosis Receptors, Androgen - metabolism Sertoli cell Signal Transduction Spermatogenesis Testis Testis - cytology Testis - physiology Testosterone Testosterone - physiology |
| title | The regulation of spermatogenesis by androgens |
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