A Review on Protocatechuic Acid and Its Pharmacological Potential
Flavonoids and polyphenols are heterocyclic molecules that have been associated with beneficial effects on human health, such as reducing the risk of various diseases like cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular and brain diseases. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a type of widely distributed naturally occ...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | ISRN pharmacology 2014, Vol.2014, p.952943-9 |
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| creator | Kakkar, Sahil Bais, Souravh |
| description | Flavonoids and polyphenols are heterocyclic molecules that have been associated with beneficial effects on human health, such as reducing the risk of various diseases like cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular and brain diseases. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a type of widely distributed naturally occurring phenolic acid. PCA has structural similarity with gallic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid which are well-known antioxidant compounds. More than 500 plants contain PCA as active constituents imparting various pharmacological activity and these effects are due to their antioxidant activities, along with other possible mechanisms, such as anti-inflammatory properties and interaction with several enzymes. Over the past two decades, there have been an increasing number of publications on polyphenols and flavonoids, which demonstrate the importance of understanding the chemistry behind the antioxidant activities of both natural and synthesized compounds, considering the benefits from their dietary ingestion as well as pharmacological use. This work aims to review the pharmacological effects of PCA molecules in humans and the structural aspects that contribute to these effects. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1155/2014/952943 |
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W. ; Miller, D. K.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Kakkar, Sahil ; Bais, Souravh ; Stone, T. W. ; Miller, D. K.</creatorcontrib><description>Flavonoids and polyphenols are heterocyclic molecules that have been associated with beneficial effects on human health, such as reducing the risk of various diseases like cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular and brain diseases. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a type of widely distributed naturally occurring phenolic acid. PCA has structural similarity with gallic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid which are well-known antioxidant compounds. More than 500 plants contain PCA as active constituents imparting various pharmacological activity and these effects are due to their antioxidant activities, along with other possible mechanisms, such as anti-inflammatory properties and interaction with several enzymes. Over the past two decades, there have been an increasing number of publications on polyphenols and flavonoids, which demonstrate the importance of understanding the chemistry behind the antioxidant activities of both natural and synthesized compounds, considering the benefits from their dietary ingestion as well as pharmacological use. This work aims to review the pharmacological effects of PCA molecules in humans and the structural aspects that contribute to these effects.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2090-5165</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2090-5173</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2090-5173</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1155/2014/952943</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25006494</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Egypt: Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher><subject>Acids ; Antioxidants ; Cancer ; Drug dosages ; Fruits ; Herbal medicine ; Mortality ; Oxidative stress ; Polyphenols ; Reproductive system ; Review ; Sperm ; Toxicity</subject><ispartof>ISRN pharmacology, 2014, Vol.2014, p.952943-9</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2014 Sahil Kakkar and Souravh Bais.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014 Sahil Kakkar and Souravh Bais. Sahil Kakkar et al. 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More than 500 plants contain PCA as active constituents imparting various pharmacological activity and these effects are due to their antioxidant activities, along with other possible mechanisms, such as anti-inflammatory properties and interaction with several enzymes. Over the past two decades, there have been an increasing number of publications on polyphenols and flavonoids, which demonstrate the importance of understanding the chemistry behind the antioxidant activities of both natural and synthesized compounds, considering the benefits from their dietary ingestion as well as pharmacological use. This work aims to review the pharmacological effects of PCA molecules in humans and the structural aspects that contribute to these effects.</description><subject>Acids</subject><subject>Antioxidants</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Drug dosages</subject><subject>Fruits</subject><subject>Herbal medicine</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Oxidative stress</subject><subject>Polyphenols</subject><subject>Reproductive system</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Sperm</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><issn>2090-5165</issn><issn>2090-5173</issn><issn>2090-5173</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RHX</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkc1LAzEQxYMoKtWTd1nwIkrtJJnsbi5CEb9AsEjvIZtNbWS70WRX8b83pVrUgxgILzA_3mTmEXJA4YxSIUYMKI6kYBL5BtllIGEoaME31-9c7JD9GJ8gHQFMlGyb7DABkKPEXTIeZw_21dm3zLfZJPjOG91ZM--dycbG1Zlu6-y2i9lkrsNCG9_4R2d0k018Z9vO6WaPbM10E-3-pw7I9OpyenEzvLu_vr0Y3w0NMsGHOdoZoEGLFbNUaMh5aaXmpgRKUZqiqoDVskpSAiahVV5BLmcV01DUfEDOV7bPfbWwtUnNg27Uc3ALHd6V1079rLRurh79q8Ll3BySwfGnQfAvvY2dWrhobNPo1vo-KioQOUOay3-gDJFxmu6AHP1Cn3wf2rSIRNGi5FjwMlGnK8oEH2Ows_W_KahljmqZo1rlmOjD76Ou2a_UEnCyAuaurfWb-9PtA8clorM</recordid><startdate>2014</startdate><enddate>2014</enddate><creator>Kakkar, Sahil</creator><creator>Bais, Souravh</creator><general>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</general><general>Hindawi Limited</general><scope>RHU</scope><scope>RHW</scope><scope>RHX</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PADUT</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2014</creationdate><title>A Review on Protocatechuic Acid and Its Pharmacological Potential</title><author>Kakkar, Sahil ; Bais, Souravh</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4253-64ef04c4e4b2e15a0638e9a3c801149c7bb02d9bbb0804bbb1b6b069fb2a07d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Acids</topic><topic>Antioxidants</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Drug dosages</topic><topic>Fruits</topic><topic>Herbal medicine</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Oxidative stress</topic><topic>Polyphenols</topic><topic>Reproductive system</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>Sperm</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kakkar, Sahil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bais, Souravh</creatorcontrib><collection>Hindawi Publishing Complete</collection><collection>Hindawi Publishing Subscription Journals</collection><collection>Hindawi Publishing Open Access</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Research Library China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>ISRN pharmacology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kakkar, Sahil</au><au>Bais, Souravh</au><au>Stone, T. W.</au><au>Miller, D. K.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A Review on Protocatechuic Acid and Its Pharmacological Potential</atitle><jtitle>ISRN pharmacology</jtitle><addtitle>ISRN Pharmacol</addtitle><date>2014</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>2014</volume><spage>952943</spage><epage>9</epage><pages>952943-9</pages><issn>2090-5165</issn><issn>2090-5173</issn><eissn>2090-5173</eissn><abstract>Flavonoids and polyphenols are heterocyclic molecules that have been associated with beneficial effects on human health, such as reducing the risk of various diseases like cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular and brain diseases. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a type of widely distributed naturally occurring phenolic acid. PCA has structural similarity with gallic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid which are well-known antioxidant compounds. 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| subjects | Acids Antioxidants Cancer Drug dosages Fruits Herbal medicine Mortality Oxidative stress Polyphenols Reproductive system Review Sperm Toxicity |
| title | A Review on Protocatechuic Acid and Its Pharmacological Potential |
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