The two faces of heterologous immunity: protection or immunopathology
Review of the consequences of heterologous viral infection on memory and acute immune responses. Immunity to previously encountered viruses can alter responses to unrelated pathogens. This phenomenon, which is known as heterologous immunity, has been well established in animal model systems. Heterol...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of leukocyte biology 2014-03, Vol.95 (3), p.405-416 |
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| container_title | Journal of leukocyte biology |
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| creator | Sharma, Shalini Thomas, Paul G. |
| description | Review of the consequences of heterologous viral infection on memory and acute immune responses.
Immunity to previously encountered viruses can alter responses to unrelated pathogens. This phenomenon, which is known as heterologous immunity, has been well established in animal model systems. Heterologous immunity appears to be relatively common and may be beneficial by boosting protective responses. However, heterologous reactivity can also result in severe immunopathology. The key features that define heterologous immune modulation include alterations in the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell compartments and changes in viral dynamics and disease progression. In this review, we discuss recent advances and the current understanding of antiviral immunity in heterologous infections. The difficulties of studying these complex heterologous infections in humans are discussed, with special reference to the variations in HLA haplotypes and uncertainties about individualsˈ infection history. Despite these limitations, epidemiological analyses in humans and the data from mouse models of coinfection can be applied toward advancing the design of therapeutics and vaccination strategies. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1189/jlb.0713386 |
| format | Article |
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Immunity to previously encountered viruses can alter responses to unrelated pathogens. This phenomenon, which is known as heterologous immunity, has been well established in animal model systems. Heterologous immunity appears to be relatively common and may be beneficial by boosting protective responses. However, heterologous reactivity can also result in severe immunopathology. The key features that define heterologous immune modulation include alterations in the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell compartments and changes in viral dynamics and disease progression. In this review, we discuss recent advances and the current understanding of antiviral immunity in heterologous infections. The difficulties of studying these complex heterologous infections in humans are discussed, with special reference to the variations in HLA haplotypes and uncertainties about individualsˈ infection history. Despite these limitations, epidemiological analyses in humans and the data from mouse models of coinfection can be applied toward advancing the design of therapeutics and vaccination strategies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0741-5400</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1938-3673</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0713386</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24212098</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Society for Leukocyte Biology</publisher><subject>Animals ; attrition ; bystander activation ; cross‐reactivity ; heterologous viral infections ; Humans ; immunity ; Immunity, Heterologous - immunology ; immunodominance ; Immunologic Memory - immunology ; Reviews ; T cell repertoire ; Virus Diseases - immunology ; Virus Diseases - prevention & control</subject><ispartof>Journal of leukocyte biology, 2014-03, Vol.95 (3), p.405-416</ispartof><rights>2014 Society for Leukocyte Biology</rights><rights>2014 Society for Leukocyte Biology 2014 The Society for Leukocyte Biology</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4525-3f88ed413d5eb86421cde8c59e0a7069fea6daaa59d897c2c524fbd7b31c25fc3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4525-3f88ed413d5eb86421cde8c59e0a7069fea6daaa59d897c2c524fbd7b31c25fc3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1189%2Fjlb.0713386$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1189%2Fjlb.0713386$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24212098$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sharma, Shalini</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thomas, Paul G.</creatorcontrib><title>The two faces of heterologous immunity: protection or immunopathology</title><title>Journal of leukocyte biology</title><addtitle>J Leukoc Biol</addtitle><description>Review of the consequences of heterologous viral infection on memory and acute immune responses.
Immunity to previously encountered viruses can alter responses to unrelated pathogens. This phenomenon, which is known as heterologous immunity, has been well established in animal model systems. Heterologous immunity appears to be relatively common and may be beneficial by boosting protective responses. However, heterologous reactivity can also result in severe immunopathology. The key features that define heterologous immune modulation include alterations in the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell compartments and changes in viral dynamics and disease progression. In this review, we discuss recent advances and the current understanding of antiviral immunity in heterologous infections. The difficulties of studying these complex heterologous infections in humans are discussed, with special reference to the variations in HLA haplotypes and uncertainties about individualsˈ infection history. Despite these limitations, epidemiological analyses in humans and the data from mouse models of coinfection can be applied toward advancing the design of therapeutics and vaccination strategies.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>attrition</subject><subject>bystander activation</subject><subject>cross‐reactivity</subject><subject>heterologous viral infections</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>immunity</subject><subject>Immunity, Heterologous - immunology</subject><subject>immunodominance</subject><subject>Immunologic Memory - immunology</subject><subject>Reviews</subject><subject>T cell repertoire</subject><subject>Virus Diseases - immunology</subject><subject>Virus Diseases - prevention & control</subject><issn>0741-5400</issn><issn>1938-3673</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kM1v1DAQxS0EokvhxB3lgoSEUsZ2nNgcKkFVvrQSl3K2HGeyceXEi50l2v8er7JUcOE00sxv3rx5hLykcEWpVO_ufXsFDeVc1o_IhiouS143_DHZQFPRUlQAF-RZSvcAwFkNT8kFqxhloOSG3N4NWMxLKHpjMRWhLwacMQYfduGQCjeOh8nNx_fFPoYZ7ezCVIS49sPezMOJPD4nT3rjE74410vy49Pt3c2Xcvv989ebD9vSVoKJkvdSYldR3glsZZ1N2A6lFQrBNFCrHk3dGWOE6qRqLLOCVX3bNS2nlone8ktyveruD-2IncVpjsbrfXSjiUcdjNP_TiY36F34pbliHCTPAm_OAjH8PGCa9eiSRe_NhPlfTQVUtJKM1xl9u6I2hpQi9g9nKOhT8DoHr8_BZ_rV384e2D9JZwBWYHEej__T0t-2H6ECkVderyuD2w2Li6jTaLzPF5helkUJzfWJ-w1eRJzW</recordid><startdate>201403</startdate><enddate>201403</enddate><creator>Sharma, Shalini</creator><creator>Thomas, Paul G.</creator><general>Society for Leukocyte Biology</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201403</creationdate><title>The two faces of heterologous immunity: protection or immunopathology</title><author>Sharma, Shalini ; Thomas, Paul G.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4525-3f88ed413d5eb86421cde8c59e0a7069fea6daaa59d897c2c524fbd7b31c25fc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>attrition</topic><topic>bystander activation</topic><topic>cross‐reactivity</topic><topic>heterologous viral infections</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>immunity</topic><topic>Immunity, Heterologous - immunology</topic><topic>immunodominance</topic><topic>Immunologic Memory - immunology</topic><topic>Reviews</topic><topic>T cell repertoire</topic><topic>Virus Diseases - immunology</topic><topic>Virus Diseases - prevention & control</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sharma, Shalini</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thomas, Paul G.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of leukocyte biology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sharma, Shalini</au><au>Thomas, Paul G.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The two faces of heterologous immunity: protection or immunopathology</atitle><jtitle>Journal of leukocyte biology</jtitle><addtitle>J Leukoc Biol</addtitle><date>2014-03</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>95</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>405</spage><epage>416</epage><pages>405-416</pages><issn>0741-5400</issn><eissn>1938-3673</eissn><abstract>Review of the consequences of heterologous viral infection on memory and acute immune responses.
Immunity to previously encountered viruses can alter responses to unrelated pathogens. This phenomenon, which is known as heterologous immunity, has been well established in animal model systems. Heterologous immunity appears to be relatively common and may be beneficial by boosting protective responses. However, heterologous reactivity can also result in severe immunopathology. The key features that define heterologous immune modulation include alterations in the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell compartments and changes in viral dynamics and disease progression. In this review, we discuss recent advances and the current understanding of antiviral immunity in heterologous infections. The difficulties of studying these complex heterologous infections in humans are discussed, with special reference to the variations in HLA haplotypes and uncertainties about individualsˈ infection history. Despite these limitations, epidemiological analyses in humans and the data from mouse models of coinfection can be applied toward advancing the design of therapeutics and vaccination strategies.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Society for Leukocyte Biology</pub><pmid>24212098</pmid><doi>10.1189/jlb.0713386</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of leukocyte biology, 2014-03, Vol.95 (3), p.405-416 |
| issn | 0741-5400 1938-3673 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Animals attrition bystander activation cross‐reactivity heterologous viral infections Humans immunity Immunity, Heterologous - immunology immunodominance Immunologic Memory - immunology Reviews T cell repertoire Virus Diseases - immunology Virus Diseases - prevention & control |
| title | The two faces of heterologous immunity: protection or immunopathology |
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