A Prospective Study of Risk Factors for Bacterial Vaginosis in HIV-1-Seronegative African Women
Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is common and has been associated with increased HIV-1 susceptibility. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for BV in African women at high risk for acquiring HIV-1. Methods: We conducted a prospective study among 151 HIV-1seronegative Kenyan...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Sexually transmitted diseases 2008-06, Vol.35 (6), p.617-623 |
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| creator | McCLELLAND, R. SCOTT RICHARDSON, BARBRA A. GRAHAM, SUSAN M. MASESE, LINNET N. GITAU, RUTH LAVREYS, LUDO MANDALIYA, KISHORCHANDRA JAOKO, WALTER BAETEN, JARED M. NDINYA-ACHOLA, JECKONIAH O. |
| description | Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is common and has been associated with increased HIV-1 susceptibility. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for BV in African women at high risk for acquiring HIV-1. Methods: We conducted a prospective study among 151 HIV-1seronegative Kenyan female sex workers. Nonpregnant women were eligible if they did not have symptoms of abnormal vaginal itching or discharge at the time of enrollment. At monthly follow-up, a vaginal examination and laboratory testing for genital tract infections were performed. Multivariate Andersen-Gill proportional hazards analysis was used to identify correlates of BV. Results: Participants completed a median of 378 (interquartile range 350-412) days of follow-up. Compared with women reporting no vaginal washing, those who reported vaginal washing 1 to 14 [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.29,95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-1.89], 15 to 28 (aHR 1.60,95% CI 0.98-2.61), and >28 times/wk (aHR 2.39, 95% CI 1.35-4.23) were at increased risk of BV. Higher BV incidence was also associated with the use of cloth for intravaginal cleansing (aHR 1.48, 95% CI 1.06-2.08) and with recent unprotected intercourse (aHR 1.75, 95% CI 1.47-2.08). Women using depot medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception were at lower risk for BV (aHR 0.59, 95% CI 0.48-0.73). Conclusions: Vaginal washing and unprotected intercourse were associated with increased risk of BV. These findings could help to inform the development of novel vaginal health approaches for HIV-1 risk reduction in women. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31816907fa |
| format | Article |
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SCOTT ; RICHARDSON, BARBRA A. ; GRAHAM, SUSAN M. ; MASESE, LINNET N. ; GITAU, RUTH ; LAVREYS, LUDO ; MANDALIYA, KISHORCHANDRA ; JAOKO, WALTER ; BAETEN, JARED M. ; NDINYA-ACHOLA, JECKONIAH O.</creator><creatorcontrib>McCLELLAND, R. SCOTT ; RICHARDSON, BARBRA A. ; GRAHAM, SUSAN M. ; MASESE, LINNET N. ; GITAU, RUTH ; LAVREYS, LUDO ; MANDALIYA, KISHORCHANDRA ; JAOKO, WALTER ; BAETEN, JARED M. ; NDINYA-ACHOLA, JECKONIAH O.</creatorcontrib><description>Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is common and has been associated with increased HIV-1 susceptibility. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for BV in African women at high risk for acquiring HIV-1. Methods: We conducted a prospective study among 151 HIV-1seronegative Kenyan female sex workers. Nonpregnant women were eligible if they did not have symptoms of abnormal vaginal itching or discharge at the time of enrollment. At monthly follow-up, a vaginal examination and laboratory testing for genital tract infections were performed. Multivariate Andersen-Gill proportional hazards analysis was used to identify correlates of BV. Results: Participants completed a median of 378 (interquartile range 350-412) days of follow-up. Compared with women reporting no vaginal washing, those who reported vaginal washing 1 to 14 [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.29,95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-1.89], 15 to 28 (aHR 1.60,95% CI 0.98-2.61), and >28 times/wk (aHR 2.39, 95% CI 1.35-4.23) were at increased risk of BV. Higher BV incidence was also associated with the use of cloth for intravaginal cleansing (aHR 1.48, 95% CI 1.06-2.08) and with recent unprotected intercourse (aHR 1.75, 95% CI 1.47-2.08). Women using depot medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception were at lower risk for BV (aHR 0.59, 95% CI 0.48-0.73). Conclusions: Vaginal washing and unprotected intercourse were associated with increased risk of BV. These findings could help to inform the development of novel vaginal health approaches for HIV-1 risk reduction in women.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0148-5717</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-4521</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31816907fa</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18418290</identifier><identifier>CODEN: STRDDM</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</publisher><subject>Adult ; Bacteria ; Bacterial diseases ; Bacterial diseases of the genital system ; Bacterial vaginosis ; Biological and medical sciences ; Black people ; Epidemiology. Vaccinations ; Female ; General aspects ; Hazards ; HIV ; HIV Seronegativity ; Human bacterial diseases ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Human immunodeficiency virus 1 ; Human infectious diseases. Experimental studies and models ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infectious diseases ; Kenya - epidemiology ; Medical sciences ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Risk Factors ; Risk reduction ; Sex industry ; Sex Work ; Sexual Partners ; Sexually transmitted diseases ; STD ; Unsafe Sex ; Vaginal Douching ; Vaginosis, Bacterial - diagnosis ; Vaginosis, Bacterial - epidemiology ; Washing ; Women</subject><ispartof>Sexually transmitted diseases, 2008-06, Vol.35 (6), p.617-623</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2008 American Sexually Transmitted Diseases Association</rights><rights>2008 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Jun 2008</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c548t-852246d04f9c0ec1843afd4f3d9503918cfbab578848818c41f408d0ac6abd093</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c548t-852246d04f9c0ec1843afd4f3d9503918cfbab578848818c41f408d0ac6abd093</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/44971023$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/44971023$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,799,881,27901,27902,30976,30977,57992,58225</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=20380246$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18418290$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>McCLELLAND, R. SCOTT</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>RICHARDSON, BARBRA A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GRAHAM, SUSAN M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MASESE, LINNET N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GITAU, RUTH</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LAVREYS, LUDO</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MANDALIYA, KISHORCHANDRA</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>JAOKO, WALTER</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BAETEN, JARED M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NDINYA-ACHOLA, JECKONIAH O.</creatorcontrib><title>A Prospective Study of Risk Factors for Bacterial Vaginosis in HIV-1-Seronegative African Women</title><title>Sexually transmitted diseases</title><addtitle>Sex Transm Dis</addtitle><description>Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is common and has been associated with increased HIV-1 susceptibility. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for BV in African women at high risk for acquiring HIV-1. Methods: We conducted a prospective study among 151 HIV-1seronegative Kenyan female sex workers. Nonpregnant women were eligible if they did not have symptoms of abnormal vaginal itching or discharge at the time of enrollment. At monthly follow-up, a vaginal examination and laboratory testing for genital tract infections were performed. Multivariate Andersen-Gill proportional hazards analysis was used to identify correlates of BV. Results: Participants completed a median of 378 (interquartile range 350-412) days of follow-up. Compared with women reporting no vaginal washing, those who reported vaginal washing 1 to 14 [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.29,95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-1.89], 15 to 28 (aHR 1.60,95% CI 0.98-2.61), and >28 times/wk (aHR 2.39, 95% CI 1.35-4.23) were at increased risk of BV. Higher BV incidence was also associated with the use of cloth for intravaginal cleansing (aHR 1.48, 95% CI 1.06-2.08) and with recent unprotected intercourse (aHR 1.75, 95% CI 1.47-2.08). Women using depot medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception were at lower risk for BV (aHR 0.59, 95% CI 0.48-0.73). Conclusions: Vaginal washing and unprotected intercourse were associated with increased risk of BV. These findings could help to inform the development of novel vaginal health approaches for HIV-1 risk reduction in women.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Bacterial diseases</subject><subject>Bacterial diseases of the genital system</subject><subject>Bacterial vaginosis</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Black people</subject><subject>Epidemiology. Vaccinations</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Hazards</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>HIV Seronegativity</subject><subject>Human bacterial diseases</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus 1</subject><subject>Human infectious diseases. Experimental studies and models</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Kenya - epidemiology</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Risk reduction</subject><subject>Sex industry</subject><subject>Sex Work</subject><subject>Sexual Partners</subject><subject>Sexually transmitted diseases</subject><subject>STD</subject><subject>Unsafe Sex</subject><subject>Vaginal Douching</subject><subject>Vaginosis, Bacterial - diagnosis</subject><subject>Vaginosis, Bacterial - epidemiology</subject><subject>Washing</subject><subject>Women</subject><issn>0148-5717</issn><issn>1537-4521</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFklFvFCEUhSdGY7fVf6CGmKhPUy8DDPDSZG1a22STqtX6SFgGVtZZWGGmSf-9rLtZtQ_6BDf3uyeXw6mqZxiOMUj-9mr28RjmgIklWOBWAnf6QTXBjPCasgY_rCaAqagZx_ygOsx5CZsa8OPqAAuKRSNhUqkp-pBiXlsz-FuLroexu0PRoU8-f0fn2gwxZeRiQu_K3Save3SjFz7E7DPyAV1c3tS4vrYpBrvQvzSmLnmjA_oaVzY8qR453Wf7dHceVV_Ozz6fXtSzq_eXp9NZbRgVQy1Y09C2A-qkAWvKfkS7jjrSSQZEYmHcXM8ZF4IKUSqKHQXRgTatnncgyVF1stVdj_OV7YwNQ9K9Wie_0ulORe3V353gv6lFvFVEQsMFLgJvdgIp_hhtHtTKZ2P7Xgcbx6w4Y5hwSqGQr_9N4rZlVIr_gowTYJJuwJf3wGUcUyh-qWbjC5eUFIhuIVP-Kyfr9o_DoDaJUCUR6n4iytiLP435PbSLQAFe7QCdje5d0sH4vOcaIALKDoV7vuWWuYRi36dUcgwNIT8BYHLIWw</recordid><startdate>20080601</startdate><enddate>20080601</enddate><creator>McCLELLAND, R. SCOTT</creator><creator>RICHARDSON, BARBRA A.</creator><creator>GRAHAM, SUSAN M.</creator><creator>MASESE, LINNET N.</creator><creator>GITAU, RUTH</creator><creator>LAVREYS, LUDO</creator><creator>MANDALIYA, KISHORCHANDRA</creator><creator>JAOKO, WALTER</creator><creator>BAETEN, JARED M.</creator><creator>NDINYA-ACHOLA, JECKONIAH O.</creator><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</general><general>Lippincott</general><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ovid Technologies</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20080601</creationdate><title>A Prospective Study of Risk Factors for Bacterial Vaginosis in HIV-1-Seronegative African Women</title><author>McCLELLAND, R. SCOTT ; RICHARDSON, BARBRA A. ; GRAHAM, SUSAN M. ; MASESE, LINNET N. ; GITAU, RUTH ; LAVREYS, LUDO ; MANDALIYA, KISHORCHANDRA ; JAOKO, WALTER ; BAETEN, JARED M. ; NDINYA-ACHOLA, JECKONIAH O.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c548t-852246d04f9c0ec1843afd4f3d9503918cfbab578848818c41f408d0ac6abd093</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2008</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Bacterial diseases</topic><topic>Bacterial diseases of the genital system</topic><topic>Bacterial vaginosis</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Black people</topic><topic>Epidemiology. Vaccinations</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>General aspects</topic><topic>Hazards</topic><topic>HIV</topic><topic>HIV Seronegativity</topic><topic>Human bacterial diseases</topic><topic>Human immunodeficiency virus</topic><topic>Human immunodeficiency virus 1</topic><topic>Human infectious diseases. Experimental studies and models</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Kenya - epidemiology</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Risk reduction</topic><topic>Sex industry</topic><topic>Sex Work</topic><topic>Sexual Partners</topic><topic>Sexually transmitted diseases</topic><topic>STD</topic><topic>Unsafe Sex</topic><topic>Vaginal Douching</topic><topic>Vaginosis, Bacterial - diagnosis</topic><topic>Vaginosis, Bacterial - epidemiology</topic><topic>Washing</topic><topic>Women</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>McCLELLAND, R. SCOTT</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>RICHARDSON, BARBRA A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GRAHAM, SUSAN M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MASESE, LINNET N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GITAU, RUTH</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LAVREYS, LUDO</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MANDALIYA, KISHORCHANDRA</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>JAOKO, WALTER</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BAETEN, JARED M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NDINYA-ACHOLA, JECKONIAH O.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Sexually transmitted diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>McCLELLAND, R. SCOTT</au><au>RICHARDSON, BARBRA A.</au><au>GRAHAM, SUSAN M.</au><au>MASESE, LINNET N.</au><au>GITAU, RUTH</au><au>LAVREYS, LUDO</au><au>MANDALIYA, KISHORCHANDRA</au><au>JAOKO, WALTER</au><au>BAETEN, JARED M.</au><au>NDINYA-ACHOLA, JECKONIAH O.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A Prospective Study of Risk Factors for Bacterial Vaginosis in HIV-1-Seronegative African Women</atitle><jtitle>Sexually transmitted diseases</jtitle><addtitle>Sex Transm Dis</addtitle><date>2008-06-01</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>617</spage><epage>623</epage><pages>617-623</pages><issn>0148-5717</issn><eissn>1537-4521</eissn><coden>STRDDM</coden><abstract>Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is common and has been associated with increased HIV-1 susceptibility. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for BV in African women at high risk for acquiring HIV-1. Methods: We conducted a prospective study among 151 HIV-1seronegative Kenyan female sex workers. Nonpregnant women were eligible if they did not have symptoms of abnormal vaginal itching or discharge at the time of enrollment. At monthly follow-up, a vaginal examination and laboratory testing for genital tract infections were performed. Multivariate Andersen-Gill proportional hazards analysis was used to identify correlates of BV. Results: Participants completed a median of 378 (interquartile range 350-412) days of follow-up. Compared with women reporting no vaginal washing, those who reported vaginal washing 1 to 14 [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.29,95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-1.89], 15 to 28 (aHR 1.60,95% CI 0.98-2.61), and >28 times/wk (aHR 2.39, 95% CI 1.35-4.23) were at increased risk of BV. Higher BV incidence was also associated with the use of cloth for intravaginal cleansing (aHR 1.48, 95% CI 1.06-2.08) and with recent unprotected intercourse (aHR 1.75, 95% CI 1.47-2.08). Women using depot medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception were at lower risk for BV (aHR 0.59, 95% CI 0.48-0.73). Conclusions: Vaginal washing and unprotected intercourse were associated with increased risk of BV. These findings could help to inform the development of novel vaginal health approaches for HIV-1 risk reduction in women.</abstract><cop>Hagerstown, MD</cop><pub>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</pub><pmid>18418290</pmid><doi>10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31816907fa</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); Jstor Complete Legacy; MEDLINE |
| subjects | Adult Bacteria Bacterial diseases Bacterial diseases of the genital system Bacterial vaginosis Biological and medical sciences Black people Epidemiology. Vaccinations Female General aspects Hazards HIV HIV Seronegativity Human bacterial diseases Human immunodeficiency virus Human immunodeficiency virus 1 Human infectious diseases. Experimental studies and models Humans Incidence Infectious diseases Kenya - epidemiology Medical sciences Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Risk Factors Risk reduction Sex industry Sex Work Sexual Partners Sexually transmitted diseases STD Unsafe Sex Vaginal Douching Vaginosis, Bacterial - diagnosis Vaginosis, Bacterial - epidemiology Washing Women |
| title | A Prospective Study of Risk Factors for Bacterial Vaginosis in HIV-1-Seronegative African Women |
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