To Each According to its Degree: The Meritocracy and Topocracy of Embedded Markets
A system is said to be meritocratic if the compensation and power available to individuals is determined by their abilities and merits. A system is topocratic if the compensation and power available to an individual is determined primarily by her position in a network. Here we introduce a model that...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Scientific reports 2014-01, Vol.4 (1), p.3784-3784, Article 3784 |
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| creator | Borondo, J. Borondo, F. Rodriguez-Sickert, C. Hidalgo, C. A. |
| description | A system is said to be meritocratic if the compensation and power available to individuals is determined by their abilities and merits. A system is topocratic if the compensation and power available to an individual is determined primarily by her position in a network. Here we introduce a model that is perfectly meritocratic for fully connected networks but that becomes topocratic for sparse networks-like the ones in society. In the model, individuals produce and sell content, but also distribute the content produced by others when they belong to the shortest path connecting a buyer and a seller. The production and distribution of content defines two channels of compensation: a meritocratic channel, where individuals are compensated for the content they produce and a topocratic channel, where individual compensation is based on the number of shortest paths that go through them in the network. We solve the model analytically and show that the distribution of payoffs is meritocratic only if the average degree of the nodes is larger than a root of the total number of nodes. We conclude that, in the light of this model, the sparsity and structure of networks represents a fundamental constraint to the meritocracy of societies. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/srep03784 |
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The production and distribution of content defines two channels of compensation: a meritocratic channel, where individuals are compensated for the content they produce and a topocratic channel, where individual compensation is based on the number of shortest paths that go through them in the network. We solve the model analytically and show that the distribution of payoffs is meritocratic only if the average degree of the nodes is larger than a root of the total number of nodes. We conclude that, in the light of this model, the sparsity and structure of networks represents a fundamental constraint to the meritocracy of societies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/srep03784</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24445533</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>639/766 ; 639/766/530/2801 ; Compensation ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Meritocracy ; multidisciplinary ; Nodes ; Science</subject><ispartof>Scientific reports, 2014-01, Vol.4 (1), p.3784-3784, Article 3784</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2014</rights><rights>Copyright Nature Publishing Group Jan 2014</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014, Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited. 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The production and distribution of content defines two channels of compensation: a meritocratic channel, where individuals are compensated for the content they produce and a topocratic channel, where individual compensation is based on the number of shortest paths that go through them in the network. We solve the model analytically and show that the distribution of payoffs is meritocratic only if the average degree of the nodes is larger than a root of the total number of nodes. We conclude that, in the light of this model, the sparsity and structure of networks represents a fundamental constraint to the meritocracy of societies.</description><subject>639/766</subject><subject>639/766/530/2801</subject><subject>Compensation</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>Meritocracy</subject><subject>multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Nodes</subject><subject>Science</subject><issn>2045-2322</issn><issn>2045-2322</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNplkUtLAzEUhYMoVrQL_4AE3KhQzWtmEhdCqfUBiiB1HTLJnXa0ndRkKvjvjbSWqoE878fJuRyEDik5p4TLixhgTnghxRbaY0RkPcYZ2944d1A3xleSRsaUoGoXdZgQIss430PPI4-Hxk5w31ofXN2Mcetx3UZ8DeMAcIlHE8CPEOrW22DsJzaNwyM_X918hYezEpwDhx9NeIM2HqCdykwjdFf7Pnq5GY4Gd72Hp9v7Qf-hZwWXbY8TwdKsLC1VQWlFXC6zosgET56Z40rkhSN5SYSVXBR5agdI5QRNz4yWwPfR1VJ3vihn4Cw0bTBTPQ_1zIRP7U2tf1eaeqLH_kNzqXJFRBI4WQkE_76A2OpZHS1Mp6YBv4iaCsVySRVXCT3-g776RWhSe5pKVUjC0pqo0yVlg48pl2pthhL9HZZeh5XYo033a_InmgScLYGYSs0YwsaX_9S-ADDnm04</recordid><startdate>20140121</startdate><enddate>20140121</enddate><creator>Borondo, J.</creator><creator>Borondo, F.</creator><creator>Rodriguez-Sickert, C.</creator><creator>Hidalgo, C. 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A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c438t-3042304fc1b9711f0d685775433222d39467d06b04c83476045e0fd4167d21be3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>639/766</topic><topic>639/766/530/2801</topic><topic>Compensation</topic><topic>Humanities and Social Sciences</topic><topic>Meritocracy</topic><topic>multidisciplinary</topic><topic>Nodes</topic><topic>Science</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Borondo, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borondo, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodriguez-Sickert, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hidalgo, C. 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A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>To Each According to its Degree: The Meritocracy and Topocracy of Embedded Markets</atitle><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle><stitle>Sci Rep</stitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><date>2014-01-21</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>4</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>3784</spage><epage>3784</epage><pages>3784-3784</pages><artnum>3784</artnum><issn>2045-2322</issn><eissn>2045-2322</eissn><abstract>A system is said to be meritocratic if the compensation and power available to individuals is determined by their abilities and merits. A system is topocratic if the compensation and power available to an individual is determined primarily by her position in a network. Here we introduce a model that is perfectly meritocratic for fully connected networks but that becomes topocratic for sparse networks-like the ones in society. 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| subjects | 639/766 639/766/530/2801 Compensation Humanities and Social Sciences Meritocracy multidisciplinary Nodes Science |
| title | To Each According to its Degree: The Meritocracy and Topocracy of Embedded Markets |
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